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MEDFORD MAIL TRIBUNE. MEDFORD. OREGON
MONDAY. JANUARY 16. 1961
. A 3
$5 Billion Needed Annually to Educate 3.6 Million Students
Higher Education
To Cost Estimated
$10 Billion in 70
By LOUIS CASSELS
United Presi International
U. S. colleges have raised
their tuition charges sharply
in recent years. But they still
get only one-fifth of their op
erating income from this
source.
It costs nearly $5 billion a
year to operate the nation's
2,000 Institutions of higher
education, with the present
enrollment of 3,610,000 stu
dents. A nationwide survey by the
U.S. office of education dis
closes that approximately $1
billion of this bill is paid by
the students themselves - or
their families - in the form of
tuition and fees.
The 20 per cent figure is
an average for all types of
colleges. Public institutions
get only 10 per cent of their
income from tuition, while
private institutions get about
33 per cent.
Income from auxiliary en
terprises, such as dormitories,
dining halls, book stores and
student hospitals, accounts for
19 per cent of the current
funds of private institutions,
and 17 per cent of the ex
penses of public institutions.
Appropriations by state leg
islatures are by far the larg
est source of funds for public
colleges and universities,
amounting to 43 per cent of
the total. Private schools, of
course, receive little from this
source. To make ends meet,
they must depend on gifts
from alumni, corporations and
philanthropists, and grants
from foundations. Together
these sources provide 7 per
cent of their total current in
come. Contrary to popular be
lief, endowment earnings are
not an important source of
income for colleges. Less than
4 per cent of all private school
income comes from endow
ment earnings, and this is
heavily concentrated in about
SO favored institutions.
One rather surprising dis
closure of the survey was the
important role already being
played by the federal govern
ment in financing higher edu
cation. Both public and pri
vate institutions receive about
15 per cent of their income
from federal funds, predom
inantly in the form of research
contracts and grants.
If college enrollments climb
throughout the 1960's as popu
lation projections clearly in
dicate they will, the annual
operating cost of the nation's
system of higher education
will reach at least $10 billion
by 1970.
Gross National Product
That sounds like a lot of
money, but it actually repre
sents only 1.7 per cent of the
estimated gross national pro
duct in 1970. Russia is already
spending at least 3 per cent
of its gross national product
on higher education.
There's no question that the
United States, as a nation, can
easily afford $10 billion a
year for higher education.
The real question is: Exactly
where is the money coming
from?
Colleges are encountering
resistance to further substan
tial increases in tuition. But
even if their fees are stabil
ized at roughly the present
level, increased enrollment
will bring income from this
source up to about $2 billion
a year by 1970. Income from
dormitories, dining halls and
other auxiliary enterprises
can also be expected to dou
ble. Raised From Other Sources
But that still leaves up
wards of $6 billion a year to
be raised from other quarters.
Public institutions will look
to state legislatures for larger
annual appropriations.
Private institutions will re
quire much more generous
lupport from their alumni,
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Ex-Newspaperman
Speaks at Meeting
Of Knife and Fork
A former newspaperman,
who was a spy for the United
States during World War II,
spoke to members of the
Rogue Valley Knife and Fork
club last week.
Speaker was Kurt Singer, a
naturalized American, who op
erated an underground news
paper in Germany during the
war and is the author of more
than 15 books.
Singer put spies into three
categories: Sitters, those who
live in foreign countries for
many years until they are
needed for spy work; double
spies, those who work for two
countries, their own and the
enemy; and the spies that are
not caught. The last category
includes the spy bosses, the
speaker said, -particularly dip
lomats, who hold such a high
ranking government position
they are never touched.
Recent Trip
The speaker told about a re
cent trip he took to Russia
with 11 other editors and
stressed that the time has
come when it should be an
nounced that the United
States has the finest educa
tional system in the world.
He criticized the United
States for its sense of values
public service by the
COLLEGE of LAW
tfVILlAMETTE UNIVERSITY
Murton, a bookseller, was
convicted of violating a Los
Angeles City ordinance which
made it a crime "for any per
son to have in his possession
any pbscene or indecent writ
ing, or book ... in any place
where . , . books . . . are sold
or kept for sale." The prose
cution did not prove that Mur
ton knew that any of his books
were obscene, thereupon, Mur
ton appealed to the U. S. Su
preme Court.
THE COURT HELD: Con
viction reversed. Since under
the ordinance a bookseller
may be convicted even though
he did not know that one of
thousands of books on his
shelves contained obscene
material, the ordinance is an
unconstitutional violation of
freedom of the press, guaran
teed by the 1st Amendment to
the U. S. Constitution. If such
an ordinance were held valid,
the bookseller would be forced
to restrict his sales to those
books that he had personally
inspected, and this would vio
late freedom of the press since
it would restrict the sale of
decent as well as obscene lit
erature. (361 U.S. 147, 1959).
This Willamette Law School
column presents general legal j
principles. Slight changes of;
facts may change the outcome
of similar cases.
from corporations and other
private sources.
There is plenty of room for
growth in this area. Only one
college alumnus in five is now
contributing to his alma ma
ter's need for funds, accord
ing to the American alumni
council, and the average con
tribution to alumni annual
funds is only $32.86 per don
or. . ,
Corporate giving to colleges
has increased greatly in re
cent years, from an annual
rate of $40 million in 1953 to
about $150 million in 1958
59. But the council for fin
ancial aid to education says
that only 25,000 corporations
are now contributing to the
institutions on which they re
ly for trained manpower.
Council officials believe that
at least 100,000 corporations
can and should be induced j
to contribute to higher education.
E COURT HELD
old bills. Just pick up your,
phone, then pick up your loan.
$25 to
$1500
and standards when "the dis
coverer of the Salk vaccine
earns less than the teen-age
recording stars."
"Russian kids want to go to
the moon," the speaker con
tinued, "American kids want
to go steady."
"There is only one formula
for a country to stay first.
That is to work harder and
longer, a .little better than
ever before."
The speaker believes that
the biggest task for the West
in the next 20 years is to split
Russia and China.-'The West
needs the manpower of Asia
and Africa, he said.
Singer commented that "the
United States has been the fire
brigade of the world for the
past 15 years, and suggested
tnat tne West "start fires'
in
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UPI Picture Manager
Returned to Florida
Miami -(CPU- United Press
International Miami picture
manager Frank Beatty,' home
from five days in a Cuban
prison, said Saturday he was
given permission to take the
pictures that landed him in
jail.
Beatty also said when he ar
rived here Friday night that
there were no undeveloped
pictures in his Havana hotel
room where his Cuban interro-.
gators told him they found
negatives of films showing
gun emplacements.
Washington (UPll Sen. John
Stennis was named Saturday
to succeed Vice-President-elect
Lyndon B. Johnson as chair
man of the Senate Prepared
ness subcommittee.
some of the Russian dominat
ed countries."
The speaker was introduced
by John Pletsch, club presi
dent. Others at the speaker's
table were Mr. and Mrs. Carl
Brophy, and Mrs. Pletsch.
VV Plus THRIFTY GREEN STAMPS V'iT' A W D.L..
Os. With Every Purchase yf Frozen Vi!r D3Dy
Grange News
Shady Cove
The regular meeting of the
Shady Cove Grange was held
Saturday, Jan. 7, ill the
Shady Cove school with Mas
ter Cecil Kee presiding.
George Wilson was given
the obligation of the first
and second degrees.
Master Kee gave a detailed
report of the year's activities
and home economics club
chairman Mrs. A. B. Clark
gave a full report of what the
club had done during the
year. The Jan. 10 meeting
was held at the Frank Linden
home on Kee lane.
The Grange serving com
mittee for Jan. 21 will be Mr.
and Mrs. Neil Dusenberry
and Mr. and Mrs. Louis Du
senberry. Mrs. Clark was presented a
gavel for the club from the
Grange.
Members of the Grange
Queen VVMCSH. 7"
voted to hire a baby sitter for
Grange members' children.
Edgar Vanderlip read sev
eral readings followed by a
candle lighting ceremony of
obligation.
Refreshments were served
by Mr. and Mrs. Dave Ber-gren.
Khrushchev Plans
Visit to Africa
Moscow IUPU Soviet Pre
mier Nikita Khrushchev will
visit Africa, the official Soviet
Tass news agency said today
Tass said Khrushchev has
accepted an invitation from
Sylvanus Olympio, prime min
ister of the new African state
of Togo, to visit his country.
No date for the visit was an
nounced. But Tass said it
would "be agreed through dip
loinatic channels."
Dr. Fleming To Talk
At Eugene Meeting
Eugene - Dr. Robert Flem
ing, assistant commissioner of
education for New Jersev. will
be featured speaker at the an-
nual winter conference of the
Oregon Association for Super-
vision and Curriculum De -
velopment in Eugene Jan 27
and 28.
Dr. Fleming, former high
school teacher, college pvofes-
tor, will talk on "Human Var
iability and Learning."
Conference registration will
open at 2:30 p.m. followed by
a hospitality hour at 4::30
p.m. First general session is
a dinner meeting at 6:30 p.m.
General discussion will be
held Saturday morning. The
concluding luncheon meeting
will be held at 12:15 p.m.
Miss Gladys Durrand, Med
ford school district elemen
tary supervisor, is a member
of the conference planning
committee, as is Gilbert Mack.
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