WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 7. I960
MEDFORD MAIL TRIBUNE, MEDFOHD, OREGON
MEDFORDTRIBUNI
"Everyone in southern Oregon
Reads The Mall Tribune"
published Dally except Saturday by
MEDFORD PRINTING CO
33 North Fir St., Ph 6P 2-6141
' ROBERT W RUHL. Editor
HERB GREY AdvelUiing Manager
GERALD T LATHAM Bui Mgr.
ERIC W ALLEN JR.. Mng Edltol
EARL H ADAMS. City Editor
HARRY CHIPMAITeleg Editor
RICHARD JEWETT. Sportj Ed tor
OLIVE ST ARCHER. Women a Editor
DALE ERICKSON, Circulation MgT
An Independent riewapaper
Entered as second clan matter at
Medford. Oregon, under Act ot
March 3. 1807
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NEWSPAPER
PUBHSHERS
ASSOCIAitOW
EDTORIAI
Flight or Time
Mail Tribune 10, 20, 3U. u
and 50 V"" 00,
10 YEARS AGO
rw 7. 1950 (Thursday)
A total of 27.27 inches of
rain has fallen in Medford so
far during lwa", mamim "
year the wettest in the city i
recorded nisiory.
A four-member team from
the staff of field supervisors
of Oregon's public welfare
department yesterday began
a "thorough and impartial in
vestigation" of Jackson coun-
ty's department.
20 YEARS AGO
Dec. 7, 1940 (Saturday) '
After six days of futile
.nurch for a Medford couple
believed crashed in their pri
vate plane in the lower Rogue
i.,r nrnn an organized aerial
hunt was called off here last
night. , ,,
rrnm Arthur Perry s Ye
Smudge Pot" column: "The
Black Tornado hung up their
suits the past week, some win
go into the world next June,
and In latter years will at
tribute their success in life
to catching a pass, and run
ning 44 yards for a touchdown
against Ashland."
30 YEARS AGO
Dec. 7. 1930 (Monday)
The city council is consid
ering a proposal from the Oak
Grove district to purchase city
water on a master meter plan.
City officials are consider
ing asking the voters for
funds to build ovespasses
over the railroad tracks at
Fourth and at Eighth sts. .
40 YEARS AGO
tw 7. 1990 (Wednesday)
At last night's Banquet in
the Hotel Medford honoring
the Medford High school foot
ball team, Fletcher Fish sang
entitled: "When the
Moon Shines Over the Moon
shiner." 50 YEARS AGO
Dec. 7, 1910 (Wednesday)
The library board hus ask
ed the cily council to levy a
iav nf one-fifth of a mill lo
provide support of the city's
library; the council is cuuoiu
ering it. .
What's Your I.Q.7
Nine oi ten correct ! uprlon
evon or eight It ewallenti five ei
lix ll good.
1. What docs a "hash mark'
on the sleeve of a soldier de
note?
2. Which word is expres
sive of bullet: caliper, bore, or
caliber?
3. Of i these three slates,
which is largest in area: Penn
sylvania, Georgia, New York?
4. Is the Dominion of Can
ada larger or smaller in area
than continental U.S.?
5. Is the word "tariff" de
rived from the name of a city,
a sultan, or an Arabic word
meaning "information"?
6. What is an AA battery?
7. What range of mountains
does tile U.S. continental di
vide follow generally?
8. What well-known univer
sity is located at Palo Alto,
California?
9. Name the American
statesman who made a great
electrical discovery in 1752.
10. Portugal occupies the
western part of what penin
sula? Answers: 1. Years of serv
ice. 2. Caliber. 3. Georgia. 4.
Larger. 5. Arabic word, (.
Anti-aircraft battery. 7. Rocky
Mountains. 8. Leland Stanford
University, 9. Benjamin
Franklin. 10. Iberian Penin
sula, '
I VO
NATIONAL
Report On Education
The following document was the final report adopt
ed last Sunday by the 80 persons attending the Pacific
Northwest Assembly on The Federal Government and
Higher Education, held Dec. 1 to 4 at Cottage Grove.
There was general agreement on the report, but
no participant was asked to sign it, and it is assumed
that not every individual subscribes to every statement.
First the 60 participants, divided into three dis
cussion groups of about 20 each, went over an agenda
and discussed each item in detail, for a total of about
S'i hours. Then the discussion leaders and reporters
met to prepare a "consensus" report on the discus
sions. At the final meeting Sunday, the draft report
was gone over word by word by alt participants, and
amended as desired by majority vote.
Participants represented five northwestern states
and all shades of political coloration, and included
educators, attorneys, legislators, businessmen, union
leaders, editors and clergymen.
The foundation of a free society is an educat
ed citizenry. As a nation becomes increasingly
involved in world affairs and subject to interna
tional tensions, the importance of education is
materially enhanced. Education tor democracy
must effectively cultivate the well being and
capacities of each individual while at the same
time satisfying the needs of society. The com
plexities of modern life
of excellence in the higher reaches or Knowledge
and the attainment of genuine competence in the
general public.
The issue before us does not involve a choice
between federal and other sources of support for
higher education. In addition to the social and
civic requirements and demands of the nation,
the increase in the numbers of students desiring
and capable of benefiting from higher education
in the decade ahead will be overwhelming, ihe
need is so real and immediate that every source
of funds individual, corporate, community,
state, and federal must
It is recognized that
has long been deeply concerned with education
and has made vital contributions to it. There are
some who fear the consequences of an increase
in the extent of fedora: participation in the sup
port of higher education. Yet, the hazards of
greater federal participation are not comparable
to the dangers we will face if the national gov
ernment, in company with all other agencies, were
not to extend its efforts. On balance, it is there
fore believed the extent of federal participation
in support of higher education should be increased.
The federal government should provide active
and intelligent stimulation and support, and
where needed, leadership, without stifling in
dividual, local and state initiative. Federal sup
port should increase, rather than lessen, local and
state responsibilities.
An important task 01 the federal government
is to inform the. public of the urgency and extent
of problems and opportunities in higher educa
tion. .... ( .,: . ....
For the immediate future, an appropriate con
tribution of the federal government to colleges
and universities will be in the form of non-recurring
grants for capital improvements rather than
funds for normal operating expenses. However,
federal contracts, grants, and loans should be
continued, and policies governing further federal
support should be formulated.
Federal grants, contracts and capital assist
ance should be extended
ed institutions, but also to private colleges and
universities inriof ar as this may be constitutionally
proper, and subject to the
strictions that apply to .ax
Institutions or higher education should pursue
excellence in all the arts and sciences and provide
a diversity of educational experience. The strug
gle for survival will admit of no substitute for
education or a quality which will challenge the
finest intelligence. At the same time all agences
should direct their efforts toward improving the
capacity ot colleges and universities to increase
competence in the technical skills needed by the
nation.
In meeting emergent national needs, colleges
and universities nv.st be diligent to use their hu
man and material resources to best possible ad
vantage. Although some consolidation of effort is de
sirable, a diversity of federal agencies involved
in the administration of aid to higher education
is recognized as a deterrent to undue centraliza
tion. The following measures are also recommend
ed: A. Except where required by the national in
terest, universities and colleges shoifld not enter
into research contracts involving secrecy. Such
secrecy inhibits communication among scholars,
and is incompatible with the purposes of a uni
visity. B. The National Defense Education Act
should be amended to
ot the disclaimer attidavit. .
C. The federal government should uav both
direct and indirect costs on federal programs
wnicn are primarily tor the purposes of the gov
ernment, rather than the interests of the institu
tion. D. Colleges and universities should not enter
into contracts and programs that would result in
distortions damaging to their proper purposes and
programs.
E. Federal assistance should be distributed
among institutions as widely as possible consistent
with the national interest and with the present
and potential capacity of such institutions to
carry out the programs.
F. The federal government's national pro
gram of student loans and fellowships should be
continued and strengthened.
The support of higher education should have
a very high priority from all sburces, including
local, state and federal agencies.
demand the achievement
be drawn upon . . .
the federal government
not only to tax-support
same constitutional re
- supported institutions.
remove the requirements
Dennis the
,..W SHE'S NOTOUR MOMeffKIGUT? So WHY SHOUt WB
HAVE TOtM0HR ? HUH? ViW W0 SUB flOMWHISJlES AT
US? HUH? "
Communications
Letters to the Editor must bear the name and address of the
writer, although under certain circumstances the use of a pen
name or initial for publication, is permissible. The Mail
Tribune reserves the right to edit all letters with a view
to clarification and condensation. Letters submitted for pub
lication must not exceed 400 words. The letters printed in
this column do not necessarily represent the views of the
paper; in fact the contrary is
Seventh Day Sabbath
To the Editor: Mary Atkins
says: "There is no proof as to
which day is the seventh day
or Sabbath." For the benefit
of Mary and your readers, I
would iike to offer some evi
dence.
Jesus was crucified on Fri
day, the preparation day, laid
at rest in the grave over the
Sabbath, while His faithful
rested according to the com
mandment, making the sev
enth day Sabbath a memorial
of redemption, as well as the
memorial of creation. (Luke
23:46-58).
When the Sabbath was past,
Jesus rose on the first day of
the week. (Mark 10:1,9.) This
places the Seventh day Sab
bath lust before the first day
of the week, the same place it
was at creation before sin en
tered. As more evidence, 1 offer
you the lives of millions of
Jews that have lived since
Christ. They know when the
Bible Sabbath comes. I offer
you the lives of hundreds of
millions of Catholics. They
know when Sunday the first
day of the week comes. And
there have been hundreds of
millions of Protestants, they
know when the first day of
the week comes. I offer the
testimony of the dictionaries
and kindred books, also the
testimony of the governments
of Great Britain and our own
U.S.A. They recognize Satur
day as the Seventh day Sab
bath and Sunday as the first
day of the week.
Look at your calendars.
They all start with Sunday as
the first day, as Jesus did at
creation. Some call Sunday,
the first day of the week, the
Lord's day and Christian Sab
bath. This fulfills Bible proph
ecy of Daniel 7:25. Only one
of the commandments in
volves lime, the fourth. It
calls for the Seventh Day from
sunset to sunset. The great
Christian world has thought
lo change God's Sabbath to
the first day of the week, from
midnight to midnight, and it
has been delivered into their
hands as prophesied. Only
2,000 years ago they crucified
the Lord, now they crucify
His Sabbulh, the memorial of
His great power to create and
redeem His earth borfl chil
dren. (John 3:18, 17.)
' F. E. Beverly,
634B Crater Lake ave.,
Medford.
Hell to Shun,
Heaven to Win
To the Editor: A drive for
funds was being conducted
in a western city. Because of
the refusal, on the part of one
prominent business establish
ment, to contribute, a boycott
was declared on them. Sad
to say, religious issues were
involved. In a short space of
time this store was all through
business. lis management felt
that it was doing all it could
to help its own church. Yet
because they would not help
a group of another faith, this
other faith's members who
were a majority in that place
boycotted this business.
in this area there are men
of good intentions who are
urging their friends not to
patronize businesses operat
ing on Sunday.
Let me urge here for a con
sistent attitude to be shown.
For example, 1 personally saw
a clergyman emerge from a
local supermarket one Sun
day carrying a supply of beer
and surrounded by a cloud of
smoke. Further I know of
well-meaning Christian men
who keep their stores closed
on Sunday. Yet on the six
days of operation they pro
mote and sell products that
Christians cannot use.
Menace
often the case.
Those facts are not staled to
belittle anyone but is it not
high time that all of us sought
for a true revival of primi
tive Godliness in our own
lives? Let us be careful lest
we promote something that
could breed religious intol
erance. Let us hope and pray
that never will any ministers
bend to backing up the en
forcement of their ideas on
the public.
It has happened, and may
happen again. The state has no
God given right to enforce by
its legal action the sacredness
of any day, or to impose pen
allies for desecrating that day.
Early American history re
cords many sad experiences
surrounding Sunday blue
laws.
Let us be sure that our own
lives are founded only on
facts and principles laid down
in God's unchanging Word.
custom and tradition may
hold strong ties. Yet the re
ligious experience of others
will avail us nothing unless
we search for God's truth our
selves. When our Lord walked
among men His messages of
truth were unpopular. The
church leaders of His day
were blind to His mission.
Let us not crucify our Lord
afresh by our neglect of mat
ters pertaining t our own
destiny. Truth may be ridicul
ed and unpopular but we have
a hell to shun and a heaven
to win.
Henry Johnson Jr.
2400 Highway 86
Ashland, Ore.
Are They OWNers7
To the Editor: I also read
the recent ad extolling the
state and its people, etc. Your
gentle editorial ribbing be
cause of certain inaccuracies
was well taken.
Since the ad was printed I
have been pondering a great
deal about one more thing
that strikes me as a bit pe
culiar. The ad reads "However,
our great resource is people
Oregon workers are skilled
permanent, (65 per cent own
their own homes,)" etc.
This is mighty good to hear,
but I am dubious as to the ac
curacy of the percentage of
home owners. I know a lot of
people in the state and the
number who actually OWN
their own homes would be
very small indeed,
It may be that I have been
meeting the wrong class of
people.
B. Giles
While City, Ore.
Test for Survivial
To the Editor: Some ne
strategic and scientific uses
may be made of abandoned
former mining tunnels, especi
ally the ones that are serv
iceable as underground shelt
ers, hideaways and suitable as
storing spaces for future ra
tions. The time may not be too
far distant when "a broker"
may be listing some most de
sirable underground apart
ments, in single or duplex
stations, facing a general view
of the surroundings and with
handy access to pure water,
A limited number of unused
hard rock tunnels in southern
Oregon have fresh running
water enough to supply a
household for any definite
stay of an outerspace super
men fantasy invasion of the
large populated cities along
the Pacific coast states.
This theory of danger is
not actually likely to trans
pire in Ihe next decade. Our
own idea Is that our way of
living may change along the
same lines of survival of the
fittest. Anyway, the chances
art exceptionally bright that
'Day of Infamy' Sunny in Washington;
Can It Really Have Been 19 Years Ago?
By LYLE C. WILSON
Washington - (UPD - It was
a pretty Sunday, and Sunday
is a day off for Washington
n e w s p a per
people, or
most of them.
Wash ington
cherishes the
entire week
end. This par
ticular Sun
da; not only
was a day off,
but glorious.
tir:n,nH h 3 H
.... f Ulln YY
not yet settled on the mid
Atlantic seaboard.
The biggest week end local
news had been the report of
the secretary of Navy that
our own Navy was "second
to none." Earlier in the week
the House of Representatives
had passed the third supple
mental national defense .ap
propriations bill, a matter of
$8,243,939,013. The vote had
been 309 to 5. President John
J. Jouett of the National
Aeronautical association had
just reported that within 12
months our production rate
would exceed 30,000 airplanes
a year.
Washington Ml it had
good reason to be what it
was: safe, warm and com
fortable. In Griffith stadium
Washington's beloved Red
skins were playing their last
professional home game of
the season. A great many of
the admirals, generals and
high civilian brass were
watching. Others were 'play
ing golf. The community was
out in the open but for the
lag-abeds, the hung-over and
the ill.
In the Day's News
By FRANK JENKINS
Odd note in trie news:
Over in Glasgow, in Scot
land, there is a huge distil
lery. It maintains an im
mense reserve of whiskey -Scotch
whisky . . . some 20
million gallons of it, an over
seas dispatch informs us , , .
which, the dispatch adds, is
enough to float the biggest
ocean liner presently plying
the seas.
This immense store1 of hooch
requires protection. Adequate
protection of it requires an
elaborate security system. A
part of this system, believe it
or not, is provided by GOOSE
AND GANDER groups. Each
group is composed of one
gander and 18 geese. '
It works like this: When
anything disturbs the gander,
he gives voice to a penetrating
squawk. His lady assistants
take up the squawking in a
big way, starting a rumpus
that raises the roof and brings
the armed guards running.
It's also pretty apt' to scare
the intruder away.
A CAGEY system?
Well, at least, it's an old
one.
The history books, which
deal with tradition as well
as with established fact, tell
us that nearly 24 centuries
ago the city of Rome was
saved by the sacred geese that
were kept in the temple of
Juno.
It happened. this way: The
Romans were attacked by the
Gauls, and were driven to a
steep rocky hill, which was
the city's citadel. One night,
the Consul Manlius was awak
ened by the excited cackling
of the sacred geese. Rushing
to the wall of the citadel, he
saw that the Gauls had al
most climbed the hill. His
shouts and the noise of the
geese awakened the Roman
guard and they dashed out
and gave battle to the invad
ing Gauls, who were defeated
and the city was saved.
That's where the distillers
in Glasgow got their idea of
goose squads to protect their
whisky. The system is alleged
to work very well indeed.
Suppose that in these mod
ern days all good citizens or
ganized themselves into what
might be called goose and
gander groups. Suppose that
every time these groups saw
something that looked sus
picious they raised a rumpus
after the manner of the sacred
geese of Rome, and their
modern deseendenls, the de
fenders of the whisky cache
in Glasgow.
I'll bet it would WORK.
if all goes along without fric
tion the next 40 years, all
will be well. In year 2000 the
world will have survived a
trial.
Bert Kissinger,
520 Boardman St.,
Medford,
He Was Cheated
To the Editor: Things have
come to a pretty pass when
a political party can steal an
election, get rid of the evi
dence, and nothing can be
done about it. It is enough to
destroy one's faith in Democ
racy.
Nixon did not lose the elec
tion he was cheated out of
it.
J. M. Kirkpatrick
713 East Jackson st.
Medford
Pearl Harbor Day
That is how it was on the
day of infamy, Dec. 7, 1941,
in Washington, D. C.
Shortly after 2:35 p.m.,
Steve Early, White House
press secretary, picked up his
phone and asked Louise Hach
meister to set up a simul
taneous call to the three press
associations. -
"All on?" Steve urgently
called the roll. "This is Steve
Early at the White House. At
7:35 a.m., Hawaiian time, the
Japanese bombed Pearl Har
bor. The attacks are continu
ing and - no, I don't know
many are dead."
That was about all Steve
had then. The time of waiting
for events had ended. By tele-
Divisions,
Inside, Mar Congo Stability
By PHIL NEWSOM
UPI Foreign News Analyst
Deposed Congolese Premier
Patrice Lumumba's escape
plan had failed and now the
worst had
happened. He
was in the
hands of his
bitterest
enemies.
In sun
drenched L e opoldville,
AJ once a shining
-HM 1W . , . .
IMIII NfcWSOM jcwui ill
gium's colonial empire, the
Today & Tomorrow
By Waller
PROBLEM NO, ONE
The incoming Kennedy ad
ministration will inherit a
domestic recession, which
could become
severe, and
also an inter
national situ
ation affect
ing gold and
fie dollar. The
iproDicms
which are
a raised must
waiter b e regarded
Lippmann without panic
but also with, great serious
ness. The two problems, the one
national and the other inter
national, are tied together. As
a result there is at stak'e the
capacity of this country to
overcome the recession, to
satisfy adequately its military
and civilian needs, to continue
the policy of foreign aid, and
to go on exporting capital for
business investment abroad.
If the Kennedy administra
tion is to carry out its com
mitments, it must disengage
the two problems sufficiently
to recover our economic free
dom at home and at the same
time to promote the stability
of the international exchanges
in an expanding world econ
omy. It would be no great
exaggeration lo say that, ex
cept for some unexpected
crisis of peace and war, deal
ing with this complex of prob
lems is of first priority in the
new administration.
- .
PERHAPS the best way for
the layman to begin is to
fix his attention on the fact
that foreigners hold in our
market nineteen billions of
short - term dollar balances
which they car-, at any time
cash for gold or foreign cur
rency. This huge short-term
international debt limits our
freedom of action - our free
dom to finance our foreign
policy and to deal with our
international problems of re
cession and accelerated eco
nomic growth.
To keep our foreign credit
ors from cashing their bal
ances and drawing out gold,
we have to keep our interests
rates higher than may be wise
in view of the recession.
Moreover, the short-term debt
will continue to hang over us
and threaten us even though
we succeed in expanding our
exports of goods and services,
as we must try to do, to a level
where we have a surplus to
cover our foreign commit
ments. WHEREFORE, the Kennedy
administration will have
to attack the situation on two
fronts - one domestic and the
other international.
On the domestic front Its
objective is bound to be to
make our economy more ef
fectively c q m p e titive as
against Western Europe and
Japan. This will require
greater investments in re
search and technology. It will
also require a concerted effort
to slop the so-called cost-push
inflation brought on by big
business and big labor. This
will probably mean establish
ing a policy by which for a
term of years wages in the
key industries, like steel and
automobiles, do not rise faster
than the general national
average of productivity. On
Dhone. broadcast and loud
speaker the call went out.
Idle caddies raced around the
golf links calling men back
to their desks. In Griffith sta
dium, bewildered thousands
heard one and another and
finally scores of Army, Navy
and civilian personages ur
gently paged.
As the big shots scrambled,
others hurried away, too.
They were the newspaper and
radio men and women who
had heard those urgent calls
and suspected what they
meant.
Crushing Defeat
Hour by hour the cruel
facts pounded in. In the space
of 85 minutes, the United
States had suffered its most
Both Outside and
scene was as degrading a one
as had been seen In a dreary,
seemingly endless succession
of such scenes from the very
moment that Belgium washed
its hands of its Congo respon
sibilities and decreed free
dom for a people totally
unprepared.
Congolese soldiers slapped
and punched Lumumba whose
hands were tied behind his
back.
They pulled his hair to force
him to turn toward photogra
phers. -'
One wadded into a ball a
piece of paper bearing Lu-
Lippmann
the side of business this will
be coupled with the policy of
reducing prices.
Expei is in this field, notably
Prof. Robert Triffin of Yale
university, believe that our
surplus from international
merchandise and service
transactions - about two bil
lions this year-can and should
be increased to something be
tween four lo six billions.
With the resiliency of our
economy, that ought to be pos
sible. ,
ftf THE other front it will
be necessary to take, the
leadership in working o u t
new monetary arrangements
which will, so to speak, con
vert some adequate share of
our nineteen billion short-
term debt into an internation
al reserve deposit. The idea
would be to establish for
world monetary transactions
an arrangement similar to our
Federal Reserve System.
One way lo do this, as Prof.
Triffin has proposed, would
be to authorize the Inter
national Monetary Fund to ac
cept reserve deposits from its
member central banks and to
give these deposits a guaran
tee that they could be cashed
in gold or it equivalent. Prof.
Triffin believes that it would
be possible to transfer from
their present owners to the
Monetary Fund about half of
our short-term debt abroad
The proposal has already
been approved unanimously
in England by the Radcliffe
Committee on the Working of
the Monetary System.
A BSTRUSE and complex as
is the whole subject, it is
not far fetched and unrelated
to practical politics. We know
from his book, "The Strategy
of Peace," that Senator Ken
nedy was already thinking
along these lines in December
1959.
"... On the agenda," he
said a year ago, "is the reserve
problem. The expansion in
world trade has proceeded at
a pace which is outstripping
the free world's production of
gold, and the do'lar has been
Try oiid Stop Me
By BENN2TT CERF
JVXTRSES AT New York's Mt. Sinai Hospital are mora
" competent also more pulchritudinous than most. One
newcomer to the staff, in fact, was a dead ringer for Eliza
beth Taylor. An appre-
ciative supervisor took
her for her first tour of
the establishment and
paused at the entrance to
the male convalescent
ward. "This ward is the
most dangerous," she
warned. "These patients
are almost well."
A Hollywood bridn paused
on the threshold of her new
home, and a slight frown
disturbed the perfect sym
metry of her countenance.
"Edgar," she said thoueht-
fully, "this layout looks very familiar to me. Are you sure we'v
never been married before?"
.---., e
Caskle Stinnett had a talk with the personnel manager of a
big industrial firm. "What we're looking for," said the p.m., "is
a man of vision, with drive, determination, and courage. We
want one who never quits, who can Inspire others; In short, a
man who can pull this company's bowling team out of last place."
h C ljW, by Bennett Cert. Plttrlbutid by King Tubau Syndicate i
crushing defeat at arms. With
the somber news, the capital
press corps took up its biggest
job. For some the job was to
learn what it is to die. For
others it would be to suffer
despair, discomfort and great
fear to send the story back.
For those who stayed in
Washington, the job was to
cover the biggest story up to
now, to cover it under the
rules of censorship, sometimes
under the galls of officious
official stupidity, always, un
der pressure of edition time.
It was a job calculated to
separate the men from the
boys and the women from the
girls,
Dec. 7, 1941: Can it really
have been 19 years ago
mumba's recent statement
that he was the Congo's only
rightful premier and attempt
ed to shove it down his throaty
Lumumba vanishes r.
Shortly afterward, Lumunii
ba disappeared from sight in
the hands of his captors and
now presumabily is a prisoner
in the garrison town of Thys
ville, 86 miles from Leopold
ville. Family newspapers avoid
excessively vivid details of
violence. But it seems fair to
report that in New Delhi, In
dian premier Jawaharlal Neh
ru expressed concern over re
ports that one of Lumumba's
captors had chewed away onej
of the captive's fingers. True
or not, it sets the level of Con
golese civilization. '
This is the situation in
which the United Nations
finds itself, a situation which
has deteriorated steadily
under Cold War pressures
from without, tribal warfare
and the designs of ambitious
rnen from within. .
White representatives ot
United Nations suffer daily ini
dignities at the hands of un
disciplined Congolese troops
to whom final authority is the
gun butt. ,
Split In U.N-.
Last July, when United
Nations emergency forces
moved into the Congo at Lu
mumba's invitation, it seemed
that a new day might be
dawning for the United Na
tions. For now it not only;
would help to preserve world
peace, it also was acting to in
sure peace within a troubled
new nation.
Perhaps a way had been,
found to insulate new nations
against the Cold War.
But today, the U.N. com
mand in the Congo is itself
rendered impotent by divii
sions within itself. . v i
To many of the Afro-Asian
nations, including India, Lu
mumba still is the Congo's
rightful premier To others, in
cluding the United States,
authority is vested in presi
dent Joseph Kasavubu. ,
Meanwhile, the slender
threads holding the Congo to-'
gether as a nation are giving
way. Rich Katanga province
wants out and hopes for Bel
gian backing. Oriental prov
ince, a Lumumba stronghold,!
threatens to secede. So does,
part bf Kasai province. . y
Despite the presence of the
U.N. Command, there is no'
real authority in the Congo
and there will be none until
a way to stable government is.'
found. Until it is found, the1
United Nations also must suf
fer degradation. ,: . i-
forced to bear a disproportions
ate burden as a reserve cur-!
rency. It is time that we con--sidered
in common a method',
for economizing international"
reserves which would exploit
the new strength of the pound
and the continental cur
rency." (c) 1960 New York Herald
Tribune Inc.