MtDfOHD MAIL TRIBUNE MEDFORD. OH.
THURSDAY, DECEMBER I, 19Se
Scientists Find
Proteins Contain
Amino Sequence
Washington - (Science Serv-.
ice) - Scientists at the Uni
versity of California's famed
Virus laboratory have scin:l
again, this time by determin-
ing the exact sequence in
which amino acid unite are
chained together to form a
protein molecule.
Their "guinea pig" was the
tobacco mosaic virus, a living,
rod-shaped particle about a
hundred - thousandths of an
inch long.
The virus consists of two
major parts: a core of nucleic
acid and an overcoat of pro
tein. The protein overcoat is
composed of about 2,200
identical protein molecules,
each of which contains
single chain of 158 amino acid
units.
Six months ago two mora-
bers of the Berkeley team,
Dr. Akira Tsuglta and L.
Fraenkol - Conrat, reported
that a detectable change had
occurred in the amino acid
unit third from the bottom in
the 158 -link protein chain.
The change was a result of
a chemically caused mutation,
' or heredity alteration.
Pinpoint Changs
Pinpointing of this change
provided a landmark in the
long chain and allowed the
researchers to determine what
chemical unit followed the
landmark and what chemical
unit preceded It, until the en
tire sequence was known.
The discovery marks the
first complete analysis of the
amino acid sequence in a virus
protein, the largest protein of
tiny kind and the largest
genetically governed molecule
twr analyzed.
Sharing In the discovery, re
ported here in the Proceed
ings of the National Academy
of Sciences (Nov.), were No
bel 1st Dr. Wendell M. Stan
ley, Dr.?. Janis D. Young and
C. Arthur Knight, and Dr.
Duane T. Gish, now of Up
j o h n Research Laboratory,
Kalamazoo, Mich.
Russians Working
On Supersonic .
Transport Plane
San Antonio - (Science
Service) - Transport air
planes capable of carrying 150
passengers two or three times
the speed of sound are being
designed by the Russians, two
engineers from the Boeing
Airplane company reported
here.
If the U.S. is to maintain
its present position as a lead
er in the manufacture of com
mercial aircraft, government
financial support of Industrial
research, development and
hardware programs in super
sonic aircraft must be as
sured, Lloyd Goodmanson and
Lars G. Romberg said. They
spoke at an Air Force-Navy-Industry
Propulsion Lubri
cants Conference here co
sponsored by Wright Air De
velopment , Division, Dayton,
Ohio, and Southwest Re
search institute at San An
tonio. Such aircraft would oper
ate In the 2,000-mile -plus
range, they said. They pre
dicted that traffic In this
range would Incrense by five
times within the next decade.
Such ships would fly at 60,000
to 80,000 feet. They would
not require increased runway
lengths since they would be
powered by turbofuns.
NY to Cairo
By 1970 such ships will be
taking air travelers In five
hours from New York to
Cairo, a distance of more than
5.000 miles, about the same
time a jet takes to go today
from New York to San Fran
cisco, the Boeing engineers
predicted.
Such supersonic flights will
have to be mnde largely above
water and over sparsely popu
lated areas because of sonic
boom, which is hard on the
eardrums but even harder on
windows that may be broken,
they said.
For short-haul flights, the
engineers predicted that hell
copters, with new designs in
vertical take-off and landing,
greatly improving perform
ance in these areas, will be
used.
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