8
MEDFOBD MAIL TRIBUNE. MEDFORD. ORE-
THURSDAY. AUGUST 25, I960
Capitol Memo
Government Officials Strive
To Keep Pace With Demands
For Government at Low Cost
Editor' note: This is an
other in a series of guest col
umns from the state capitol.
Today trie speaner 01 ine
Oregon House of Represent
tives discusses three not-so
little words.
By ROBERT B. DUNCAN
Written for UPI
Salem - IUPD - Efficiency!
Economyl Reorganization!
Words such as these are
read and heard frequently
these day as officials of gov
ernment at all levels strive
to keep up with the increas
ing demands for more gov
ernmental services at less
cost to the taxpayer..
"Efficiency" and "econ
omy" are the goals. "Reor
ganization" is the means most
frequently used to achieve
them. Study to develop new
ideas, new techniques and a
willingness to try them have
enabled industry to provide
better products at less cost..
Government can do the
tame.
The Oregon Legislature has
provided the statutory tools
for reorganization, of the
schools, for county home
rule and reorganization, and
for reorganization of the ex
ecutive branch of state gov
ernment. New laws, court
rules and good administra
tion are speeding the work
of the courts.'
Increasing population and
industrial development means
more problems for the Legis
lature; its techniques and or
ganization must be 'Constant
ly reappraised to enable it to
correctly solve these prob
lems and to avoid or slow
down the trend to longer or
more frequent sessions;, the
governor's office and the ex
ecutive department must be
strengthened and realistic
lines of authority and respon
sibility established.
Along with this must go
a strong and efficient Legis
lative branch.
During the last session, un
necessary record-keeping was
eliminated; committee staffs
were combined to eliminate
duplication and uneven work
loads, thus reducing the num
ber of employees; printing
and regulations were chang
ed, greatly reducing costs;
Senate and House Commit
tees combined to eliminate
duplicate hearings on the
same bill, and tighter restric
tions on the introduction of
bills were imposed.
The legislative counsel
committee has to its credit
a recodification of the state
statutes. It is now moving to
a revision of the slate code.
Even now this committee is
preparing r e c ommendations
for further procedural chang
es at the next session.
The 1959 session took a
tremendous step forward in
establishing its permanent
and nonpartisan fiscal com
mittee. The governor disap
proved but did not veto the
committee, permitting the
bill to become law without
his signature. " .
The fiscal committee func
tions primarily in the field
MATCH BOOKS
About 13 billion match
books are used annually in
the U.S.
The ancient Egyptians were
expert gardeners. Remnants
of funeral wreaths found in
tombs prove that people of the
Nile grew such flowers as the
lily, cornflower, and nar
cissus. . . ,
of budgets and state spend
ing. Detailed Studies Made
Already this new commit
tee has secured a detailed
study of the use which our
colleges are making of their
buildings. This has pointed
up both shortages in housing
and extravagances in other
areas. Inquiries into the use
of state funds by the mili
tary department will result
in tighter controls over their
budget. These are examples
of ways in which this com
mittee will save money for
the state and enable the leg
islature to do a better job.
If it can be said that the
executive department has and
will do these same things,
the answer is that the fiscal
committee has provided a
necessary and desirable stim
ulus. Beyond that, the important
thing is not who gets the
credit for improvements in
government but that the im
provements take place.
Final Responsibility
The final responsibility in
appropriating and raising the
money for ; state government
and in deciding how it is to
be spent is the legislature's.
The governor's function is to
recommend and execute the
laws.
It cannot be denied that
the men and women who
serve on a part-time basis
and virtually without com
pensation must have the inde
pendent research and infor
mation to enable them to dis
charge their responsibility ef
fectively. In no other way
can the separation of powers
between the three co-equal
branches of government be
maintained.
Writer Recalls Roosevelt's Speech Technique
By WILLIAM D. LAFFLER
. United Press International
New York -Wfli- A great na
tion stood with its head bowed
in despair.
The year was 1933. Bread
lines were long and jobs were
scarce. Theaters in many sec
tions of the country were
closed. Respectable merchants
stood in front of empty stores
and begged for customers.
Will Rogers cracked Jokes
about the depression. Eddie
Cantor tried to cheer the ra
dio audience with a song that
said "potatoes are cheaper, to
matoes are cheaper," but few
persons had money to buy
them.
The future looked bleak
early in 1933. Then a voice
rang out.
"We have nothing to fear
but fear itself!"
The voice was clear and
crisp. It exuded confidence
with a blend of humility and
authority. It was that of
Franklin Delano Roosevelt.
Sales in bakery products
stores amounted to $751 mil
lion for the first nine months
of 1959.
Much has been said about
Sir Winston Churchill and his
heroic oratory during the dark
days of World War II. But tne
voice of F.D.R. was equally
persuasive during the months
after the Pearl Harbor attack.
It is possible now to study
the speeches of Roosevelt with
cool detchment 16 years after
his death. With the permission
of Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt, the
president's widow, Washing
ton Records has recorded
many of them on six 12-inch
long-play records under the
title, "F.D.R. Speaks." . .
"It will be historically valu
able as well as give pleasure
to a great many people," said
Mrs. Roosevelt, who will turn
her royalties over to a boys'
home.
Robert Bialek, president of
the recording firm, and his
staff explored every available
tape or transcription of Roose
velt speeches and pieces of
speeches.
Then Dr. Henry Steele Com
mager, the noted historian, se
lected and edited 33 covering
the period from Roosevelt's
inauguration in 1933 to his
report to Congress on Yalta
12 years later.
"This is the first use of the
phonograph record for histori
cal reporting in depth," Bia
lek said.
Though Roosevelt later was
criticized by many disillusion
ed persons as a Jeckyll-Hyde
politician, and adored by oth
ers, these records show that
Roosevelt was a consummate
orator.
F.D.R. was the master of
the . neatly turned phrase -"day
of infamy" (Pearl Har
bor), "a plague on both your
houses" (Steel versus John L.
Lewis), "the hand that' held
the dagger" (Mussolini's en
try into the war), just to men
tion a few.
Roosevelt used old tech
niques, such as alliteration
and dramatic repetition, to
get across a point but his de
livery made these techniques
effective.
TRUCK OWNERS
One-third of all the trucks
in the U.S. are on farms. The
other one-third are based in
urban communities. .
Congress May Investigate
Radiation Protection Guides
Washington - (Science Serv
ice) - Congressional investi
gation may be expected be
cause of an administrative or
der permitting any Federal
agency to set up its own ra
diation protection guides.
The individual jurisdiction
and the "do-it-yourself" safe
ty procedures for agencies In
atomic work was recommend
ed by the Federal Radiation
Council and accepted and ap
proved by President Eisenhower;
The Federal Radiation coun
cil through its chairman, Sec
retary of Health, Education
and Welfare Arthur S. Flem-
ming, submitted to the Presi
dent on May 13, 1960, a mem
orandum on radiation protec-
tioh guidance for Federal
agencies.
This was the council's first
report on its statutory respon-
sibility under executive order
10831 and Public Law 88-373
to"... . advise the President
with respect to radiation mat
ters, directly or indirectly af
fecting health, including guid
ance for all Federal agencies
in the formulation of radiation
standards and in the estab
lishment and execution of pro
grams of cooperation wun
states. . ."
Sen. Clinton P. Anderson
(D. -N. M.), chairman of the
Joint Committee on Atomic
Energy, told Science Service
that Congress had expected
from the council more uni
formity rather than diversity
in setting up radiation guides.
He said, "The trend should
be toward uniformity; and
one federal agency should de
cide and be responsible for
the establishment of radiation
standards or guides.
"If any deviation of these
standards is deemed neces
sary by an agency, applica
tion should be made to the
controlling agency which
should decide the requested
change and give written rea
sons for its decisions."
The council recommended
in general terms "Radiation
Protection Guides" to be used
hv tho agencies "for normal
peacetime operations." The
final recommendation of the
council states, agencies should
adhere to the guides "with
judgment and discretion" but
that "the guides may be ex
ceeded only after the federal
agency having' jurisdiction
over the matter has carefully
considered tne reason ior ao
ing so in light of the recom
mendations in this paper."
Dr. Donald Chadwick ot
the U.S. Public Health serv
ice and secretary to the Fed
eral Radiation council told
Science Service that this final
recommendation does, in fact,
allow each agency the free
dom to determine its own
safety standards "weighing
the benefits against the risks."
He justified the independence
of judgment allowed the agen
cies by the council on tha
ground that one standard can
not apply to all radiation
uses.
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