THURSDAY. AUGUST 25. 1960
MEDFORD MAIL TRIBUNE, MEDFORD. ORE.
.c
National Security Council
Discusses Life-Or-Death
Issues in Secret Meetings
Bt RUTHERFORD POATS
United Preis International
Washington IUPD -What
should the United States do
about the emergence in
neighboring Cuba of a police
state allied with Russia?
Should the United States
drop atomic bombs again in
Asia if communist China at
tacks the Nationalist Chinese
islands, including the offshore
Quemoys and Matsus?
Should the western world
defend against a communist
political and military squeeze?
If this showdown comes,
should or could a Korea-type,
non-atomic defensive war be
fought by the western allies
to keep West Berlin free? Or
should atomic retaliation
against Moscow be threatened
to scare off a communist ad
venture? What lesser threat
might be made or implied?
These may or may not be
questions on the agenda of
the U.S. National Security
Council. But they are the kind
of life-or-death issues which
often are debated in this
super-cabinet's secret ses
sions. Some of the secrecy was
lifted in a continuing senate
investigation of NSC't role in
American policy making.
Those seldom-used initials -NSC
- also are being heard
more often because they fig
ure in Vice President Richard
M. Nixon's Republican cam
paign for the presidency.
Nixon has been a member
of the select NSC circle, and
this is a big factor in his claim
to be the most experienced
man available to take over
the reins from President Eis
enhower next January in a
time of great peril.
Democratic critecs contend
that Eisenhower has used the
National Security Council and
its planning board to relieve
himself of most of the burden
of thinking out the great is-
Backstairs: Ike Finally
Decides To Make Speeches
In Behalf of Dick Nixon
By FRANK ELEAZER
United Press International
Washington - IUPD - Thank
goodness President Eisenhow
er finally has decided to make
a political speech or two in
behalf of Vice President Rich
ard M. Nixon.
He says he will speak at
Republican fund raising
dinner in Chicago, Sept. 29.
He will talk for Nixon again
on the eve of election day.
It had looked for a while
like all Ike's campaigning for
the GOP ticket was going to
be the non-political kind.
He and his press secretary,
James C. Hagerty, have tried
repeatedly to explain to re
porters how this type of cam
paigning works.
The way the President puts
It, he won't actually do much
campaigning. But he will be
out a lot making non-political
speeches between now and
Nov. 8. He always smiles
when he says this.
Just a few morning ago,
Hagerty, who has proved his
ability to explain anything
from the federal budget to
ileitis, was further trying to
straighten us out,. ...
He said the President would
make three non - political
speeches on Sept. 26. Ike will
fly that morning to Phila
delphia to address some ac
countants and educators. And
he will proceed to New York
to speak that night to a char
ity dinner.
That afternoon Hagerty was
out of the office. His assist
ant. Mrs. Anne Whcaton, took
over his chores. Somebody
asked her whether the White
House was ready to announce
yet any of the President's
plans for political speeches.
"None beyond those Mr.
Hagerty told you about this
morning, she replied.
Honest, open-faced
we call her.
Anne,
One reason the President
doesn't feel the need to get
out on the hustings, as he
puts It, is that a president can
always hold a press confer
ence. Eisenhower has held
three in three weeks since re
turning from his vacation in
Newport, R.I.
In some non-elections years
he hasn't displayed quite this
enthusiasm for give and take
with the press.
He sometimes has gone for
weeks without giving out his
views in this way.
President Truman, in his
seven years at the White
Hose, met the press 324 times.
FDR, in a little over 12 years
held 998 press conferences.
Ike this week held his 189th
since taking office in January,
1953.
He has explained on a
couple of occasions why he
doesn't set himself a regular
schedule of, say, one press
conference weekly.
"I never like to conform
too much," he said once,-" And
just to say that one partic
ular day each week I am go
ing to be in the same exact
spot the same exact time sort
of puts me down.
"Now I have no objection
as long as we have got the
time and something else isn't
on my mind, I have no ob
jection to doing it periodically."
Another time he said it was
partly a matter of whim. Be
sides, he said he didn't like
to be talking all the time,
Currently, as I said, he
seems to like talking. And
you can look for him to do
a lot more of it mostly non
political in the best Anne
Wheaton sense of the word
of course between now and
Nov. 8.
sues facing the nation; that
this reliance on staff work
has insulated him from new
ideas and controvery.
A senate subcommittee un
der Sen. Harry M. Jackson
(Wash.), newly appointed
chairman of the Democratic
national committee, has been
trying to find out whether the
NSC and its related staff-coordinating
machinery is gear
ed to the speed and complex
ity of basic survival issues
facing the nation.
Speculation among senior
bureaucrats here about what
kind of President Nixon or
Democratic candidate John F.
Kennedy would make often
turns to how each might
shake up the NSC operation.
Not Much Known
Yet few Americans, even in
Washington, know much
about the working of this
body at the summit of U. S.
policy-making.
It is 13 years old, and its
meeting times usually are an
nounced by the White House.
But what it discusses and
what it recommends is al
ways kept secret.
The NSC is a sort of stream
lined cabinet, limited to those
top officials who deal with
the inter-related military and
diplomatic problems affect
ing U.S. security.
Ideally, its meetings are a
vigorous, pertinent debate in
front of and with the presi
dent, providing him the facts
he needs to make the policy
decisions.
The council now includes
the president, vice president,
secretaries of state, defense
and treasury, the director of
the office of civil and defense
mobilization, the . budget di
rector and the president's, spe
cial assistant for security af
fairs. Also included often are
the director of the central in
telligence agency, the chair
man of the joint chiefs of staff
and the director of the U. S.
information agency.
Policy Studies
But the NSC is more than
a weekly meeting of these
officials. To make these meet
ings with the president pro
ductive, there are NSC staff
groups to prepare the policy
studies and to follow up the
president s decisions to ' see
that they are carried out and
to judge their effectiveness.
The presidential assistant
for security affairs is the
chairman of the NSC plan
ning board, which is com
posed of departmental offic
ials of the assistant secretary
level who speak for the de
partments and agencies rep
resented on the council.
The planning board is as
sisted by a small NSC policy
coordinating staff, working
under the presidential assist
ant. Outside consultants from
universities and business
sometimes are called in to do
studies and present fresh
ideas to the planning board
and through it to the NSC.
The operations coordinating
board supervises execution of
the presidcntially approved
NSC policy directives.
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