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SECTION B
Medford
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Tribune
MEDFORD, OREGON. MONDAY, AUGUST 1. 1960
Introducing Brooms With
Long Handles Called
Major Project in India
By PATRICK J. KILLEN
united Press International
New Delhi -IUPD- If India's
army of house and street
sweepers ever march into his
tory stiffbaeked and proud,
the credit should go to Prime
Minister Nehru and India's
leading American housewife.
Both Nehru and Mrs. Ells
worth Bunker, wife of the
American ambassador to In
dia, are attempting to straight
en up the sweepers by putting
long handled brooms in their
hands.
For centuries, India's low
ly sweepers have bent for
ward from the hips or squat
led to use their short, handle
less brooms. The result has
been generations of bent-backed
sweepers, their lungs coat
ed with dust. I
Local Legend
According to a local legend,
the position of India's sweep
ers was first called to Nehru's
atSnlion by Mrs. Eleanor
Roosevelt on one of her trips
lo India. Whatever the incen
tive, the hardworking prime
minister went after the prob
lem in earnest this year.
In a lettfQi sent on June 12,
Nehru instructed the chief
ministers of India's '15 states
"to take up this matter wit
your municipalities and cor
porations and insist on long
handled brooms . . . being
Riven to their staff of clean
1 ers. etc."
The prime minister wrote
that all jer the word long
servants use the stand up
models.
To date, the progress has
been encouraging. As the re
sult of Nehru's letter, the
Punjab state government has
ordered staff members to use
the long handles and the Delhi
municipal corporation is con
ducting trial sweeps. ,
The Times of India has sug
gested that sweepers them
selves lake the initiative. In
an editorial, the newspaper
said, "They (sweepers) must
insist that the next time they
take the floor, it shall be with
a handle of some respectable
length. Only thus can they en
sure that the government suc
ceeds in carrying out what
will no doubt be its most
sweeping reform lo date."
Agricultural Attaches Are Among Most Important U.S. Officials Abroad
By GAYLORD P. GODWIN
United Preit International
Washington - (I'Pll - Agricul
tural attaches are among the
more important officials the
United States maintains
abroad. They are so regarded
by the agriculture depart
ment. The principal functions of
an agricultural attache are to
report on agricultural pro
duction, trade policy, and
market development.
In short, he is representa
tive of the American farmer
abroad. He works constantly
to find markets and promote
good will for American farm
products.
The United States is the
world's biggest exported and
the second biggest importer
of agricultural products. This
fact makes the work of the
attache of utmost importance.
The American farmer and
farm industry are dependent
to a large degree on foreign
markets, and the American
consumer is dependent on
many agricultural products
that are not grown domestical
ly. To keep American farm
products and trade interests
alert to the agricultural situ
ation in all parts of the world
is a job which falls largely on
the shoulders of the attache.
Hunts ior Markets
The attache has to hunt
markets for American goods.
He is busy with agricultural
reporting and analysis, trade
promotion and market devel
opment. He negotiates with
foreign governments. He ad
vises the American ambassa
dor. He assists official visitors
and traders. He tries tp.brcak
down trade barriers, and he
reports dangerous infestations
and outbreaks of such epi
demics as foot-and-mouth dis
ease in animals.
The United States always
has been vitally interested in
agricultural conditions in for
eign countries. Even during
c o 1 o n ial and revolutionary
times, diplomats, scientists,
and travelers made it their
business to find and to bring
back seeds or animals that
showed promise of adapting to
American climate and soil.
As U.S. agriculture developed,
farmers became even more
interested in finding new
strains to improve crops and
livestock. And as agricultural
production increased, farm
and government leaders turn
ed to the problem of finding
and developing markets 'or
U.S. abundance.
Important Mission
At all times, of course, dip
lomats, agricultural explorers,
special agents. agricultural
commissioners, and finally r--ricultural
aMachrs have cer-
ried out an important mission
Today the American agricul
tural attache serves his coun
try with a degree of technical
competence and broad agri
cultural knowledge that is un
matched in history.
Christopher Columbus took
samples of tobacco back to
Spain after his voyage in
145)2. But the credit tor ini
tiating the first American
agricultural export in' stry
goes to John Rolfe, husband
of Pocahontas, who shipped
American tobacco to England
in 1613.
In 1770, Benjamin Franklin
sent mulberry cultings and
silkworm eggs home lo Penn
sylvania from England, hop
ing to create a silk industry.
Other diplomats emulated
Franklin by sending home
foreign varieties of seeds and
animals for development in
the new country.
These early emissaries act
ed sort of hit and miss. Now
the business of an agricuiiur
al attache is technical and pre-
CONSULATE MADE
EMBASSY
Washington 'UPH- The Am
erican Consulate at Abidjan,
Ivory Coast, will become an
embassy Aug. 7 and will rep
resent the United States to
each of four neighboring coun
tries becoming independent -the
republics of Dahomey. Ni
ger, Upper Volla and Ivory
Coast - he State Department
announced SuC2332kht.
CLOGSTON'S
Weather Stripping
and Screens
. Estimates Gladly
Phone SP 1-1014 Evenings
lively barred a host of other
handled brooms are usediapPlica"ts;
"ivi,,, ,i j- .... . i Mansfie
Why then do we carry on
with a primitive, out-of-date
method which is inefficient
and psychologically wrong?
Bending down in this way to
sweep is physically more tir
ing and encourages a certain
subservience in mind."
Became Interested
Mrs. Bunker told United
Press International she first
became interested in the prob
lem shortly after her arrival
in 1957. Her sweeper - a vital
cog in any Indian household -used
a typical Indian broom,
a two-foot bundle of bamboo
splinters tied together at one
end.
Mrs. Bunker promptly gave
her sweeper a long handled
American broom and a few
instructions. Today the sweep-,
er handles the broom like an
upright housewife.
For the past three years,
Mrs. Bunker has spent her
spare time developing an im
pressive variety of Indian
made long handle brooms.
Working with her have been
an Indian broom maker, a
furniture manufacturer and
the Vivekananda Horticulture
Research laboratory at Almo
ra which grew broom corn at
her request.
The Ambassador's lady
turned over five long handled
samples to the president of
the All India Women's Con
gress last March. She also en
couraged American house
wives in India to have their
Mansfield Wants
Newsmen in China
Washington - IUP1I - Senate
Democratic whip Mike Mans
field (Mont.) has urged that
the State Department use the
Edgar Parks Snow case as a
springboard lo get more
American reporters into Red
China.
Snow, representing the
Eowles publications and Look
magazine, was cleared by
Washington and Peiping last
month to go behind the Bam
boo curtain which has effec-
Mansfield told United Press
International the State De
partment should now vigor
usly renew negotiations with
China to permit entry of the
U.S. ' newsmen or else estab
lish a system of exchange.
The Montanan argued that
national interests would he
served by having impartial
American newsmen reporting
first hand on developments in
Communist China. He said the
present system of relying on
British newsmen grid listening
posts outside the Chinese
mainland "is wholly inadequate."
'Actor Tony Curtis
Plans Country Club
Hollywood-IUPD- Actor Tony
Curtis and his wife Janet
Leigh plan to build a country
club in Palm Springs.
Curlis said today he and
his wife purchased the 38-unit
Desert Sides Hotel for 8600.1
000 and planned to spend $1.5 !
million to remodel it. Their
plans also call for easing of
40 acres of and next to the
hotel, he said.
TYPHOON SUBSIDES
Taipel-lUPIi-Torrential rains
from Typhoon Shirley forced
10,800 persons, including 120
Americans, from their homes
here Sunday night, police said.
Rain still was falling today
but the worst of the storm
was believed over.
'
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