B
Crop Production Report Made
During Closed Door
By GAYLORD P. GODWIN
United Press International
Washington - Wing 4, sec
ond floor of the south build
ing, Department of Agricul
ture, Is a comfortably air-conditioned
Eovernment office,
Jt Is open to the public. But if
you walk Into it anytime be
tween daybreak and s p.m.,
cdt., on July 11, you'll be
locked up.
You'll be in the midst of a
group preparing the first all
crop production report for
I960. You'll stay there, under
guard, until the report is re
leased promptly at 3 p.m.,
cdt. Don't try to get out. You
can't. Don't throw your
weight around. H won't do
you a bit of good.
There are no exceptions -lecretaries
of agriculture, mes
sengers, visitors, casual pass
ersby - all are required to
stay put, once inside the crop
reporting board's working
quarters during preparation
of a crop production report.
Its been that way for 35
years. No change is contem-
; plated.
There are few secrets more
.. closely and successfully guard
ed than the estimated produc-
tion of such speculative crops
as corn, wheat, cotton, oats,
soybeans, livestock, and many
- others that go to make up the
I nation's store of food and
fiber.
r The secrecy surrounding
the crop report stems from a
: cotton scandal in 1905. A high
official of the then Bureau of
i Statistics, which prepared
i crop estimates, used his ad
; vance knowledge of what the
government report would
'. show and speculated in the
; cotton futures market. He is
purported to have passed on
'. his information to accomplices
: by means of signals involving
movement of window shades,
f A trial brought out that the
official's share of profits from
the use of the information
amounted to more than $70,
000. He was fined $5,000.
Start Secrecy
Congress immediately
ordered the department to
keep crop reports secret until
time for their release to
everyone. The department
started the "lockup."
All lockups deal with re
ports that have speculative
value. The release time is tied
in with the opening and clos
ing of markets. For example,
Congress set the release hour
for the cotton report at 11
a.m. to coincide with the clos
ing of the Liverpool cotton
market, then the world's larg
est. The department releases
general crop reports simul
taneously with, or after, the
closing of the New York and
Chicago grain markets.
Here is how the July 11
crop report will be prepared.
The 41 state or regional offices
that cover continental United
States make up their state re
ports and recommend them to
the crop reporting board.
The recommendations are
airmailed to a locked box in
care of the office of the Sec
retary of Agriculture. The box
has two locks. The secretary's
longtit feiidual milkide on the market
Extremely high margin of safety fo plant (if
Emy and toft to handle
FOOD
representative has one key
and the chairman of the board
has the other. About 20 min
utes before the board's work
ing quarters are locked up,
the board's chairman and sec
retary, the secretary's repre
sentative, and one or more
members of the field force
proceed, under guard, to the
box, unlock It, and bring the
unopened reports to the work
ing quarters. The quarters are
locked, with guards posted
outside.
Inside, telephones and in
tercom systems are disconnect
ed, and Venetian blinds at nil
windows are closed and lock
ed by means of a slotted rod
which is then sealed. The
technicians study the state
recommendations, arrive at
production estimates for each
state, pass the information
along to the board chairman
who determines the final esti
mate. The information then
goes to computers and tabu
lators who prepare tables
which are stenciled and
mimeographed. The entire re
port is signed 15 to 20 min
utes "before it is issued. The
signer must be the Secretary
of Agriculture, undersecre
tary, or one of the assistant
secretaries. The doors then
are unlocked and the report
given to newsmen standing by
open telephones to their
offices. The report is then
transmitted throughout the
country, and the lockup is
over.
MARKET
Red Bluff Livestock Auction ReDort.
CATTLE: Salable 610, including around ISO calves. Around 80 per
cent of supply stocker and feeder classes, remainder mainly slaughter
cows. Auction active, represented classes steady to strong. Instances
50 cents higher on slaughter cows. Supply mainly of northern Call-
lomia on gin.
Slaughter cows: Individual and
810-1200 lbs. $15.50-17.90. individual
Stocker and feeder steers: Small lots and Individual Medium and
Good 330-500 lb. calves $24.00-25.90. individual Common and Medium
calves S16.00-23.00. A 23 head lot Medium and Good 628 lb. vearlinss
$22 60, individual Common and Medium 550-750 lbs. $16.00-22.00.
stocker ana feeder neiiers: mau lots and lnamauai common ana
Medium 300-450 lb. calves $16.00-23.30. A 42 head lot Good 358 lb.
yearlings $22.50. 31 head lot 648 lbs.
common ana aieaium ouu-tuu ids. sm.uu-auju.
Stock cows: Small shipments Medium and Good with young calves
at side $177.50-192.50 oer pair. Common and Medium $14 1.00-162.00 per
Feeder pigs: Small lot Good 78 lbs. $18.10.
SHEEP: Salable 46. Supply mainly feeder spring lambs: about steady.
Feeder inrinc lambs: Small lots Good 70-82 lbs. with full wooled Delta
$15.00-15-20, small lots Inferior and
Century Farms Deadline July 10
Salem - The Oregon Histor
ical Society and the state de
partment of agriculture, co
sponsors of Oregon's Century
Farm program, announced to
day extension of the deadline
to July' 10.
Any farm in Oregon owned
and farmed continuously for
inn vnr nr mnrp fn the samp
family, and which meets the
U. S. census definition of a
farm, is eligible. This defini
tion. 10 anrne nr mnrp with
agricultural sales of $50 or
more a year; or, a less tnan
10 acres, sales of at least $250
a year.
The sponsors said the dead
line has been extended be
ftauco nf some confusion with
the later deadline In the Cen-
PROFIT ENEMY
N0.1
MITES
. m. w m t
ON APPLES, PEAKS AND OTHER FtUIT CHOPS
Hera's fuovan protection for your oppf, peor and other fruit crops. Twiim
fa HW oulilanding Niagara miticide development thai can now be applied at first
cover and again In one additional cover appfi'coffon up fo horveif ft'me.
Tedion alio provides iheie other protection advantageti
ruttlni Iff la Wrk
MACHINERY AND CHEMICAL CORPORATION
Niagara Chemloal Division
Session
When Arthur M. Hyde,
former governor of Missouri,
was secretary, he arrived
early one day to sign the re
port. He signed, picked up
his hat, and started to leave.
The board chairman told him
ho couldn't. Hyde reached for
a telephone. It was dead. He
stayed until release time.
Another official had an
appointment at the White
House at the exact hour of
release time. A president is
not supposed to be kept wait
ing. He was this time. About
seven or eight years ago a
member of the staff was
stricken with appendicitis. He
was allowed to go to the In
firmary until release time, but
there was a guard hovering
around him until the report
was issued,
The work of the crop re
porting board is one of the
oldest and one of the most
valuable services which the
department gives to farmers,
Best proof by the way it is
regarded is the fact that it is
studied as a model by visitors
from all over the world.
It started because farmers
found out how hard it was to
grow the right amounts of
farm products to get a fair
price unless they had avail
able unbiased information, on
a nationwide scale, about the
kind and amount -of each
product needed. The govern
ment has been providing crop
estimates since 1839.
NEWS
June 28 19fifl
small lots Utility and Commercial
and penlots Canner and Cutter
$20.10. individual and small lots
Common 60-70 lbs. wooled $8.40-
Paul H. Lehigh,
Federal-State Market News Service
tury Farm applications
the
two previous years.
Full details and applica
tion blanks are available from
county judges or commission
ers, from the Historical So
ciety in Portland or the state
department of agriculture in
Salem.
AMERICANS TRAVEL
New York - (UPt-About
6,600,000 Americans will
spend about $2.6 billion on
foreign travel in 1960, in both
cases a 10 per cent rise over
last year, according to travel
officials. These Americans
will spend more on tourism
abroad that they will for for
eign automobiles, textiles and
iron combined.
Contact Your
Niagara Field Man. Today
MEDFORD MAIL
CHIT CHAT -
By JOE COWLEY
Mail Tribune Fim Editor
.. . i - .1.. ..J lre mnrin In
Apparently a nuinuer ui
.. . . ... c ii.
tills column IB51 WTO. nnum im .-.. ......
vegetable stand operator caught the blue blazes from some
growers and wholesalers ior dciiik " . .
of small store operators and some growers want this par
ticularly fruit and produce man to truck fruit and vegetables
for them.
..... i i,.,. ...
mUM 11IIJU1 IHt.l, """-'.'I "
number of growers for a farmer's market hero. Ihcse grow
ers and our fruit and vegetable stand operator nslst such
a market can bo operated profitably. So wo will probably
meet some time next week with those who arc Interested
and cuss over plans, tins snouin m m v" n
readv being considered. This is for promoting a small, but
r.m,ftnhln vpirotnble Industry for the Rogue valley and pro
cessing those vegetables here,
.i..n nnnw lAnrnpd in noerata such a farm-
, -. r a m...i..s nnt
He says this would be a profitable operation since there Is
a "terrible markup on sucn iwuu. n"i "1,,.
tacts must be established with wholesalers In California
...k. ...o .noniniictc Snme. for Instance, handle nothing but
vegetables; others nothing but
, M elnra nhnilt $200 B month
figuring on un ovemsv .,..-- -"- J . , .
must be allowed for overhead. This includes building and
equipment but does not include labor which will vary ac
cording to the kind of place operated and number of co
operating growers.
a. m. xnnc'fWinif As the fruit stand op-
tUJ VN (IJT , Ik 9 ... w..
erator said, "Every state but
Tk,. hn,,cAu,iv who are
v,,n. nri vetjetnhles hefore
in and buy. The price outlook, according to expert observers,
-.in nr,i mr.rnv murh. Generally, weather and the recent
cannery strike in California
server put it, Kigni now mere are 110 tjuuu uuji,
this time of year tne prices on
mellons are low."
a it.... i. rvcr it..
AVIUlUlllg 1U v, "-
its peak in western Oregon
In Uie tiooa ruver area, i-riv-tra
somewhat with some packers
, . 1 t uit ..n.ni
liverea, lor mursnun vmici;, --- ----
i ' r.nlvnr.loc tn nrnfAicnrt so far this
i ;iu
season total aoout muuon puunus auuu
pounds less than during the same period last year. We noticed
some "U Picking" in a strawberry field just north of
Phoenix, and perhaps there are
can get out ana get mis years
r ninutnn tc arte
nttapucujr pi mi. &
a t. .m itKt a inr.nl
diets the supply will remain
are sizing well in most news
No processor price nas Deen
iru. DnmUrrv r.pnwori a np intlon at Its mcetlnK
X I1C IICU AVtipw-f J " - -
in Multnomah county last week, voted an increase In rasp
berry picking prices this year, inis inciuues o
. 1 M . i.nir Mni lnet vpur tn nne cent this season
crease ua aiuui a no. .... -
The new picking rate would mean four cents a pound plus
. t v,,, r wiiininotte. Canhvs. and other varieties.
a one . .. .--
and six cents a pound plus a one ceni Donus on me nuuing
ton variety. A new bargaining agency called the Red Rasp
berry Growers Association of Oregon has been formed rec
ently. This organization will
1960 raspberry crop, reports.
You haven't seen many boysenberrles on the local market
1 1 ui ' nv ih. ...1 nf the ennn. Weather cut
ana jjruuauiy wuu . iu.
this crop, also. In California,
the boysenoerry narvesi nas nearly liusscu m cor. ... .....
Fresno and Modesto areas where most of that state's pro
duction is grown. Yields there have been running lighter
than usual.
Oregon Boysenberry receipts through June 18 totaled 3.2
nnlinHf mmiMPfH With 8.4 PlllliOn dUrlflK a C0IT1-
parable period' in 1959 when the season was a few days
earlier. Prices to growers, delivered to processing plant or
minted at 12V4 to 13V4 cents a
pound in' the Fresno area, with
Modesto area growers were receiving an average oi 10 ceuu
a pound, and Watsonville district growers, 10 cenis. mat
prices are considerably higher than those quoted last season.
rm- .l.tnnnn ...mn ta nrnntirntlv nVPr in Call-
1I1C dLlili;Ub .- '11 6
a : - rri 1,
lornia. Aim vaiuicijr o.i.c
j nii
are oeiiiB niouc nwi, .
eastern prices were reported
in the Santa Clara valley is
. 1 1 1
roaaSiae, ior I S ana larger auum 9iw wa vnoii
nr-u .Annti a taw artftinnt ihinrnf-nta at thp end
j annua, rv a an icijuih a -
of June with the volume beginning to build up at the start
of this weeK.
We have tasted some good local cherries this year, but
this fruit like others is In short supply. Only a few acres of
sweet cherries are raised in the Rogue valley, anyway. One
grower here raised 5V4 tons of sweet cherries last year and
produced only 13-25 pound boxes this year. As we mentioned
last week If you want quality
The Yakima sweet cherry harvest is over as you read
this, but shloment will continue for some time yet from
Wenatchee, Wash. However,
ton to this valley would be
won't see any of that fruit here.
Sour cherry producers who are Just starting an Infant
Industry here should be encouraged by the OSC market
renorts. Sour cherry production is down 15 per cent in
the Lake states this year and 28 per cent in the west. A
heavy carryover of canned red cherries partly offsets this
smaller crop. We haven't heard any reports on the local
sour cherry production. Bagley
agreed to handle the local crop.
A local source reports that
also. The high average price on a good tomato will range
from 19 cents to 29 cents a pound locally. Of course, price
depends on size and quality. We spotted some high quality
small tomatoes on local shelves and out of Fresno, Calif.,
selling for two pounds for 29 cents. However, weather hit
this crop, too, and tomatoes In the Fresno area are not
ripening as they should wnicn
Housewives can find good
still pretty nign on local sneives.
Switching to another subject-youthful labor on farms
we received an Interesting call from a member of the local
Inter-agency council, (This is a group representing various
social agencies such as welfare, Red Cross, etc. which meets
regularly In the county health
Our caller wanted to know
given organizing teenagers
ticularly In the orchards. We
us by an authority on the
remarks.
Our caller thought that
could be organized. He thought also that a pear picking
school could be set up to teach quick and efficient picking,
Wc guess this will bring quite a few snorts from the experts,
But the fact that this subject
hour by a group of highly Intelligent people Indicates some
thing. Depending on your attitude we'll leave it up to you
TRIBUNE. MEDFORD, ORE.
n ........
!..... Hint unn fruit and
u th suutfestlon made by a
w hnvo the experience.
citrus fruits.
--- - - , -
uregon nas a wnnn 9 "'""
waiting for lower prices on
cannlnc or freezing better get
has tied things up. As one ob
apncois, racnra v ........
Blrnu - hnrrv harvest has Dassed
""' " J -
and Is fast approaching a peak
iu s.wwc.a ....
posting 14 cents a pound, de-
1 1 nants tnr MnrthwpJit. and
I. -Un.. 1 K mil linn
other items wnere me iamuy
irccci su7'
A In inmo Oreffon areas, but
.
emirro mnf rms this and Dre-
light. However, the berries
ana me quamy is upiuvtu.
posiea ye..
. - ... ..,
ne in eueci ana acwve iui us
- - -
one source for local markets.
some as high as 15V4 cents.
". J "
k.. hnan anftlerl nnrl deliveries
una ww.. - - - -
iietrifte nf4P. rpnnrbi. Recent
.'." - "i ----
as unfavorable. Cannery price
generally quoted at $90 a ton,
U . - em tnni) 4Vinn loot caaann
you win nave io pay ior 11.
trucking fruit from Washing
too expensive so you probably
cannery in Asniano nas again
tomatoes are dear this season,
cuts tne supply.
quality lettuce but this is
department conference room.,
if much attention has been
for farm harvest work, par
repeated comments made to
subject including ms more acid
platoons of youthful workers
was discussed for at least an
German Farm Work
Different
By nancy shaver
IFYE to Gormnny
There are only wisps of
louds In the blue sky, the
sun is warm, with a light
breeze, It is perfect weather
for hay making, and hero 011
my first host farm In western
Germany U10 liny is being
hauled Into the burn today,
My host father, Herr Kom-
merman; a son-in-law, Albln
Gladln; my two host brothers,
Amonuis and Grcgor; and
two neighbor men are work
ing In the fields. In the house,
Frau Kemnterman and daugh
ters, llildegard, Elly, and my
self are kept busy preparing
meals.
One week ago, the hay was
cut. Mowers here are located
between the front and rear
wheels on the right side In
stead of behind the tractor.
Because of the moisture In
the ground and the dew at
night, the liny will seldom
dry If left scattered or In
windrows, my host father has
a machine which will form
the hay into rows, turn tho
rows over, or pick up the hay
and scatter it. These machines
have been on the market for
five years and are very popu
lar with the farmers who have
large fields. Thero are many
smaller fields, however,
where the hay must be turned
by pitchfork.
When the hay Is dry, It Is
put into stacks. It Is then
tossed by pitchfork onto a
wagon drawn by cither horses
or a tractor. Both horses and
tractor are used on this farm.
At the barn It Is put by pitch
fork Into a machine which
blows and compresses It Into
the hay loft.
Two crops of hay are pro
duced each year - one, the
last of May or early June and
the other in late August or
early September. It Is seldom
all fields of a German farm
are next to one another. This
land has been farmed for
many centuries and, of course,
there have been many changes
in the size of farms. Tho
fields used for hay by the
Kemmermann family were
acquired between 1820 and
1850. Before this, tills land
had been common pasture fot
all of the farmers in the area.
In 1820, the Prussian king,
then ruling, ordered that all
common property be divided
among the farmers using It
Each farmer received a sharo
In proportion to the size of
his farm.
Land Chopped Up
Much of southern Germany
has been under French rule
When Napoleon was ruling,
he ordered each farmer to
divide his land equally among
his sons. So, each farmer had
to dtvde each field into as
many sections as he had sons.
After several generations, a
farm consisted of a number
of long, narrow, widely sep
arated strips of ground. This
practice of dividing each field
stopped long ago. Today, how
ever, there are still many
fields that are so narrow that
they must be worked by hand.
The German farmers are
Care Advised
In Irrigation
Water management Is Im
portant due to the current
irrigation water shortage and
the Important relation to one
phase of the pear decline
problem, according to County
Horticultural Agent Clifford
B. Cordy.
"It s dangerous to saturate
the entire soil mass," Cordy
said. "Orchardists should
keep the distance the water
runs down a row short," he
advised. "If the row is long
the irrigation along it should
be broken up In two or three
pieces.
The number 01 rms be
tween, trees should also be
kept down to about two or
three for the sticky soil and
three or four, approximately,
for the lighter soils. There
should be enough rills so that
the water barely mcetB, he
added.
"This may mean that or-
ehardists have to nut on an
extra irrigation," Cordy said.
"However, total consumption
of water will be less and it
will do more good than com
plete saturation."
The glraffo has fewer ver
tebrae in his neck than 0
mouse, is faster than a horse,
can go without water longer
than a camel and can see
backward without turning his
head.
Poison
Oak
Control
RAYS PRAY
SP 2-9279
From U.S.
nwaro of this problem. They
uru working in small groups
In the villages to consolidate
the land of each farm Into one
section. Some fanners are ro
htctnnt to tnulu their land,
however, so it will take a
number of years for tho con
solidation to be worked out.
As Is true of most West
German farms, the Kemmer
mann farm has a variety of
crops and animals. Thero is
no spoclall7.atlon here, Even
If a farm has mainly grapes
for wine tho family would
also have perhaps a cow, a
few pigs, and some chickens.
On this farm, rya and po
tatoes are tho two muin crops
but barley, oats, wheat, and
beets are also raised. These
are all used as feed on tho
farm except somo rye and
all of the potatoes, Tho rye
and potatoes arc sold.
The livestock on this 05
acre farm consists of 16 milk
cows, 13 two-year-old heifers,
and 10 young bulls being fat-
toned for beef, 10 young
calves, two work horses, 27
young pigs also to be fatten
ed, and 100 chickens. Tile cat-
tic are of a utility breed. I
have seen no breeds specifical
ly for cither milk or meat.
Tho Kemmermann farm is
located very near where the
Mittclland Canal branchci
from the Dortmund Ems
Canal. Tho Mlltelland Canal
goes to Berlin and tho other
to the Ruhr district. As I pin
clothes on the clothes line, I
can watch the barges travel
Ing to and from Berlin.
All day long there aro men
and women coming to the
house from the barges. They
buy a supply of milk, pota
toes, or eggs to last the few
days until the next stop. All
of the extra eggs produced
on the farm are sold In tills
way. Neighbors also como
with their small covered
metal milk buckets to buy
milk. An average of 25 quarts
of milk Is sold this way each
day. The remaining 80 gallons
Is sold to a creamery.
In a few days, I will lcavo
my first host family here in
Nordrhcln-Westfalcn. My next
host family is In the Rhcln-land-Phalz
which Is In the
southwestern part of western
Germany. So, my next letter
will be written from the
heart of the famous wine pro
ducing area of Germany,
Sincerely,
Nancy Shaver,
Oregon IFYE to
Germany.
Simplify
A-r-
. J.
with
"V,
now one insecticide
controls the major
fruit insects...
0 Effective gats even the tough ones
Safe one of the safer phosphate
Insecticides
Versatile-may be used on most fruits .
Rtsldu. tolerance of 0.75 ppm on many fruit cropi
ncommendatlons permit application relatively close
to harvest
OmOIHATOHS Or DDT INSCCTICmlt
GEIGY AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS Ofvhfon tfQitgy Chmtttt
4-H Preiair at
Central Point lor
Home Economics
Central Polut-T'ho Central
Point homo economies prefnlr
wits held June 21) at Jewell
school, The girls from that
area hint 110 exhibits on dis
play, These IncUmed 'lower ar
ranging Judged by Mrs. K. D,
Kay, Girls receiving blue rib
bons In this category wore
senior, Pat MvCuo; and Jun
ior, Judy Frink, Linda ond
Barbara Vincent,
Cooking cxhlblls wore
Judged by Mrs. Don Gercn.
Site gave blue ribbons ior ex
hibits of tho following girls:
senior bread, Jeuno Do Ho
boam, Mnryedn Frost; Junior
bread, Caroleo Kuost, Phyllis
Drown, K a t h y Thompson;
muffins, Myrna Long, Jen
nean West, Dlano Debrlck,
Judy Franek.
Clothing was Judged by
Mrs. Jo Ann Wcalherlord but
these plaeings are put avail
able at this time.
Mis. Sam Jones was the
knitting Judge awarding blue
ribbons to senior, Colleen
Frnnek, Carolyn Barnes,
Judy Frlnk. Shirley Roach,
Karen Hunter; Junior, Mary
Kurz, Julio Thompson.
Domonlratloni Hold
Seven demonstrations woroj
given In tho afternoon. The
top Individual was Mury
Louise Truly with her dem
onstration "Hawaiian Franks"
sandwich. Tho top senior
team was Kulliy Thompson
and Phyllis Brown with
"Lazy Day Cake." The young
est demonstrators, Judy Fra
nek ond Julio Thompson,
were awarded to Junior dem
onstration team for their
"brownie" demonstration.
A Judging contest was held
In which approximately 75
girls participated. With a pos
sible score of 475, the top
Judges wero us follows: cloth
ing, Ann Bowling, 388; Carol
Foot, 347; Nancy Frlck, 345;
Judy Franck, 330; Carol
Roach, 330; Carolee Kucst,
325. Cooking, Donna Bailey,
300; Judy Franck, 375; Car
oly Barnes. 350; Karon Hunt
er, 345; Julie Thompson, 340;
Nancy Armstrong, 335; Mary
cda Frost, 330; Diana Davis,
330; Patsy Charley, 330; Lin
da Cornutt, 330.
There ore nearly 37 million
Items In the Library of Con
gress which was founded In
1800 with 740 books and a
case of maps.
on FRUIT...
'" ' 7 ' '
S C
TUEBDAY, JULY 6. I860
Washington IIII'D Over
seas sales uf most U.S. live
stock ami muiit products dur
ing tile Jiimuiry-Aprll period
were well above those of 11
year ugo, according to n sur
vey by tho Foreign Agricul
tural Service (FAS).
lied meat exports wore up
substantially during the pe
riod. Majur exceptions to tho
uptrend were miscellaneous
natural sausage casings main
ly beef and canned meat. Ex
ports of casings wero down 10
par cent from tho sumo pe
riod lust yum', while vanned
meat shipments wore off 45
per cent.
Modern Artificial
Breeding with
FROZEN
SEMEN
FROM AMERICAN
BREEDERS' SERVICE
Dla-fre provsd slrai
plus depondabU technical
knowhow . . . equals your
bast buy In brooding orv
Icol CALL...
SP 2-4093
C. C. Williams
ROGUE VALLEY
PROVED
SIRE SERVICE
CONTROL
T I C I O ft
Ctymtton 6w Mill Rlvr Roarf, ArdtUft N.V
3 .--
..A
.iV- I M 1 1
to figure out Jut what.