MEDFORD MAIL TRIBUNE, MEDFORD. ORE.
THURSDAY, JUNE 23, IMS
Doctor Says Health Service
Shouldn't Delay Polio Vaccine
Washington -(Science Serv
ice) - The U.S. Public Health
service may be responsible
for thousands of possible cas
ualties from polio in the com
ing year, according to Dr. Al
bert B. Sabin of Cincinnati,
Ohio. His live polio virus vac
cine has been safely used by
80 million persons, mainly in
other countries.
In an exclusive interview
Dr. Sabin said the PHS must
face the issue of whether it
will be satisfied with the in
definite results of the Salk
polio vaccine or use the live
orally administered form that
he believes will completely
eradicate polio in this coun
try.
"We can not stamp out
polio with the Salk vaccine
even if it should become 1UU
per cent effective," he said
"It will prevent polio among
the inoculated but 1t can not
prevent the spread as live
vaccine can do.
These are questions ans
wered by Dr. Sabin:
Q. What is keeping the
U.S. Public Health Service
from licensing your vaccine?
Unnecessary Caution
A. Caution that is unneces
sary on the basis of tests al
ready made. Other countries
do not have the problems we
have here of competing melh
ods.
Q. Do you have any en
couragement from the PHS
that licensing can take place
soon?
A. I had a letter recent
ly from a Surgeon General's
office saying "with all the in
formation we have we should
be able to receive applies
tions for licensing this fall."
Q. What drug companies are
ready to apply?
A. A number of companies,
Including Wyeth of Philadel
phia and Pitman-Moore of In
dianapolis, have spent a great
deal of money in preparing
my vaccine but chey are at a
standstill until the PHS is
specific in its requirements. I
have just returned from Lon
don where the International
Pfizer ccompany and others
have received specific require
ments from Britain's Medical
Research council and Minis
try of Health, but even they
await the decision of the
United States because the re
quirements should coincide
if sales are to be interna
tional. Q. Do you believe that drug
companies' competition is
holding back the use of the
oral vaccine?
Not Afraid
A. No. I do not believe they
are afraid of the Inevitable
economic loss if Salk vaccine
goes off the market. It is true
that fewer companies will be
needed to produce this com
paratively simple vaccine -100
doses can be prepared
compared to one Salk shot.
One plant in Russia can pro
duce enough for her popula
tion. One American company
could make enough for our
country at low cost.
Q. Is not the public health
service justified in its cau
tion in awaiting further tests?
A. No further tests are nec
essary to throw light on the
Savings, Loan Firm
Declares Dividend
The Jackson County Fed
eral Savings and Loan asso
ciation declared a 4 per cent
dividend for the period end
ing June 30 at the last regu
lar board meeting, according
to W. J. Warner, president.
Warner said that although
there has been a slight de
crease in home building this
spring, the association's total
mortgage loans have increased
8.63 per cent over May 31,
1959.
Savings as of May 31, I960,
have increased 11.7 per cent
over a year ago, Warner said.
This indicates that there is
a continued growth in the val
ley, which also indicates that
employment in the valley has
been steady, he noted.
The new building at the
corner of East Main and Front
sLs. is progressing according
to schedule, Warner said, and
if construction continues at
the present rate, is expected
to be completed by Sept. 1
Area 4-H Members
Named Group Heads
Corvallis - Patrick Neal,
Mcdford, and Phil Krause
Applcgate, have been elected
president of their living group
at the 45th annual 4-H Club
Summer School at Oregon
State college.
A total of 1,883 4-H mem
bers from every area of the
state are registered at the
one-week school-one of the
largest of its kind in the na
tion. They live in college dor
mitories, cooperative houses
and fraternities and sororities.
Each of the 46 living groups
elects its own officers and
carries out special activities
under supervision of advisors.
Members attend classes cov
ering various fields of home
economics, agriculture and re
lated sciences. To supplement
course work, general assem
blies are held each day along
with special recreation activi
ties-sports, swimming instruc
tion, folk and social dancing,
and band and chorus.
Gov. Mark Hatfield headed
the list of special speakers.
The 4-H Summer School will
end June 25.
MIXED UP WESTERN
London- IUPII - The Indepen
dent Television Network
Wednesday night inadvertent
ly ended a 55-minutc Western
-"Rawhide" - 25 minutes too
soon when the reels got mixed
up. The network just finished
the show in its somewhat re
versed sequence and said the
story came out all right in the
'end anyway.
safety of the Sabin vaccine.
In my paper at the Interna
tional Conference on Live
Poliovirus Vaccines I show
that even in the subtropical
conditions where economic
underdevelopment poses
health hazards of other virus
infection, we can stop the
spread of polio. We could not
prove this at the meeting last
year.
Q. As an American born
in Russia, how do you feel
about the fact that Russia has
forged ahead in the use of
your vaccine?
Highly Gratified
A. I am highly gratified.
This has nothing to do with
Russia's political organization
but is due to the leadership
of one public-spirited man.
Prof. Mikhail P. Chumakov,
director of the Institute for
Poliomyelitis Research of the
USSR Academy of Medical
Sciences. I have been in Rus
sia four times in recent years
and I found the same indeci
sive way that we have in deal
ing with the polio question
until Dr. Chumakov got the
support of his ministers of
health.
Q. Can you name any ex
amples of leaders in promot
ing the use of live polio virus
vaccine in this country?
A. Dr. Herman E. Hilleboe
New York State Commission
er of Health, is one. The De
partment of Health in Cincin
nati is another.
Q. What has been done In
Cincinnati?
A. Since April we have giv
en 185,000 pre-school and
school children the Sabin vac
cine safety. Physicians gave
their time to feed vaccine to
50,000 pre-school children in
one week. The rest were giv
en vaccine in clinics, begin
ning with the first and most
dangerous of the three strains.
Eight-five per cent of the epi
demics are caused by this
strain. Second and third doses
will be given later.
Q. Do you approve of the
one - shot dose of vaccine
(trivalent) containing all three
strains?
A. The Cox and Koprowski
virus vaccine have not had
the extensive tests that mine
have had, and they should not
be recommended because of
weaknesses found.
Q. If licensing of your vac
cine is done in the United
States, should it be under the
direction of boards of health
as smallpox vaccination now
is?
A. Yes, I would recommend
the Cincinnati system, giving
live polio virus vaccine at
two-month intervals begin
ning in December, with strain
III, and II given rather
than the one-shot (trivalent)
dose.
Portland -IUPII- County com
missioners have rejected an
appeal from a builder on
plans for an estate-type de
velopment for 50 acres east of
Gresham overlooking the
Sandy river.
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4 -J?-! I A
O.
A PRETTY POSE-Reflectlng on the situation, Penny Potter
of Manhattan, a finalist in the Miss New York State contest,
strikes a pretty pose. The winner of the contest will com
pete in the Miss Universe contest in Miami Beach, Fla.,
in July. (UPI Telephoto)
Milk Distributors
Reach Agreement
On New Contract
Salem - IUPD - Major milk
deliveries resumed in five
Willamette valley cities today
following speedy settlement
of a dispute which saw nine
dairies close milk distributing
plants Wednesday.
The dispute, between the
Teamsters Union and major
dairies in Salem, McMinnville,
Albany, Corvallis and Leb
anon, was settled late Wednes
day night in the office of Gov.
Mark Hatfield.
Agree on Contract
The governor said Team
sters Local 324 and the dis
tributors agreed on a two
year contract calling for a
12-cent hourly pay increase
effective May 1, 1960, and
12V4 cents an hour effective
May 1, 1961. Employers also
agreed to furnish four uni
forms - per year.
The terms were a compro
mise from the original 14V4
cents asked by the Union and
the 11 cents offered by man
agement. 200 Employees Affected
The Teamsters struck May
flower Milk Distributors
Dairy Co-op Association here
Tuesday. On Wednesday
morning the distributors shut
down other plants in Salem,
Corvallis, Albany, McMinn
ville and Lebanon, cutting off
home milk deliveries to many
areas. About 200 employees
were affected. '
Three - member union and
management teams met with
Hatfield Wednesday after
noon in the second round of
talks called by him and an
nounced two hours later that
a settlement was near. The
Teamsters Union membership
ratified the agreement and
the end of the dispute was
officially agreed upon about
11 p.m.
Drivers had been getting
$2.58 an hour as basic scale
before the strike.
Milk did not completely
disappear as smaller produc
ers delivered and some stores
got milk at producing plants.
Governor Praised
Hatfield said the attitude
of the two negotiating groups
Is "further indication of Ore
gon's basic harmony in management-labor
relations."
Both the union and employ
ers issued statements praising
the governor for his role in
helping to settle the dispute.
This Is the third time Hat
field has participated in labor
management negotiations in
which settlements were af
fected. The others included
disputes between contractors
and Pile Drivers and Carpen
ters, and between the Team
sters and Tillamook cheese
Industry officials.
Cannery Strike
In Seventh Day
San Francisco- IUPD -Northern
California's cannery
strike entered its seventh day
today as apricot growers
claimed crop losses already
topping the $1 million mark.
The Council of California
Growers, a farmers' public in
formation group, disputed
claims by Teamsters Union
officials here that enough In
dependent canneries were op
erating to absorb the 1960
crop for at least a week to 10
days.
A two-day survey in the
Winters, Calif., area by the
CCG indicated that more than
half of the estimated 20.000
ton crop was lost because of
the Idled canneries. Early loss
estimates were placed at
$900,000.
Meanwhile, union and can
nery representatives met here
again today in an attempt to
settli the strike. Federal and
state mediators, sitting in on
the negotiating sessions, re
ported no success Vrom
Wednesday's dayloitt meet
Actress Awarded
$65,700 Damages
Los Angeles IUPII Actress
Bette Davis was awarded
$65,700 in damages Wednes
day for injuries she received
in a fall.
The Oscar-winning film
star was in tears when the
Superior Court jury an
nounced the settlement.
"This is so wonderful I
can't believe my ears," she
said. "These are Just tears of
joy." Some members of the
jury asked for Miss Davis'
autograph at the conclusion
of the case.
The actress had brought
suit for $85,000 in damages
against owners of the rented
house in which the fall oc
curred June 29, 1958. She
said the injuries forced her
to give up a $2,000 weekly
starring role in the Broadway
production, "Look H o m e
ward Angel."
San Francisco Tot -Said
Durable Child
San Francisco IUPII - Six-year-old
Dorothy Azzato is a
durable child.
That sounds like adorable
which she is, too-but Wednes
day durable was more appro
priate. Dorothy tumbled out of a
three story window in an
apartment house, struck a
planter box at a second-floor
apartment, landed on a six-
foot wooden fence, and tum
bled to a small enclosure of
concrete.
Dr. William Cunha, who
treated the girl for a bruised
eye and a scratched hipk com
mented: "It's amazing ... no, it's
more than that . . . it's miraculous."
Tests for Allergy
Suggested Before
Penicillin Shots
Miami Beach, Fla. (Science
Service) - The next time your
doctor decides you need peni
cillin, do not be surprised if
he brings In an oxygen tank,
a tourniquet and a bottle of
epinephrine. He may even
send you to a hospital.
Dr. Alexander A. Fisher of
Woodside, Long Island, N. Y.,
reported to the American
Medical association here that
many doctors are urging that
allergy tests be made before
penicillin is given because so
many persons are developing
sensitivity to the drug.
In a poll of 50 general prac
titioners and allergy special
ists in the New York area,
Dr. Fisher found that some
had stopped prescribing peni
cillin because it had brought
on fatal anaphylaxis, a shock
like reaction in which the
body tries to reject the for
eign substance. Others were
making tests before giving
shots, but were unsure of just
what technique and how much
precaution to use. ,
Standard Method
Noting the confusion over
how to test for this allergy,
Dr. Fisher suggested a stan
dard method, to be used be
fore each and every penicillin
injection.
For patients who have nev
er had a reaction, a skin
scratch test should be given.
The solution to be rubbed into
the scratch should be from
the same bottle as the Injec
tion dose, because specially
prepared test solutions may
deteriorate on the shelf and
will not give a true result. A
control scratch with normal
saline rubbed in should be
made at the same time.
If the patient is allergic, a
positive reaction will show
up in 15 minutes, usually in
the form of a wheal (hives)
at site of the scratch. If gen
eralized itching, difficulty of
breathing or general wheals
appear, the tourniquet is ap
plied and epinephrine is in
jected under the skin. If the
scratch test is negative, one
tenth of the full dose is in
jected, and after a few min
utes, the remainder is given.
Second Tut Mad -
For patients who may have
had a previous reaction, the
skin-scratch test is made with
dilute penicillin. If it is neg
ative, a second test is made
by Injecting a small amount
not under, but into, the skin.
This should be done only if
equipment for shock treat
ment, such as an oxygen
mask, is available.
Tim May Ba Crucial
For patients who have had
a reaction, tests should be
made only in a hospital where
full shock treatment, includ
ing facilities for making a
substitute o p e n i ng in the
windpipe, is available. An in
travenous drip would be start
ed before testing begins since,
in cases of severe and rapid
reaction, the time required to
find the patient's vein and in
sert a needle for antishock
treatment may be crucial.
Such persons would be tested
and given penicillin only if
the illness was serious and
when no other medication
would do.
Dr. Fisher said the same
tests should be made before
giving penicillin pills, oint
ments or sprays. He empha
sized the need for caution at
every step of testing because
severe or fatal reactions have
occurred after negative skin
tests.
He also noted that anaphy
laxis can occur even if peni
cillin was well tolerated pre
viously. "A negative skin test is val
ueless unless obtained imme
diately before each injection,"
he said.
Woman Says She
Was Defrauded
Haverhill, Mass.-IUPD-Fran-ces
G. Lobue complained in
court that a heating firm de
frauded her in the fine print
of their contract.
She said the firm promised
that each of the five-and-half
rooms in her home would be
heated to at least 75 degrees
"on the coldest day."
But the jury agreed with
Miss Lobue that the guaran
tee wasn't worth much. The
period covered was from ,
April; 1958, to September,'
1958. I
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