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TUESDAY. JURE H.
MEDFORD MAIL TRIBUNE. MEDFORD, ORE.
illi
Small Worlds
Around Us
By Lynn M. Watkins
Super-Simple
Anti Store. Huilc and
Grind Their Own Grain
Two days previously it had
rained. The welcome moisture
triggered growth in tiny seeds.
Wilted plants drank the mois
ture and responded. The wa
ter seeped into the galleries
of the harvester ants, alerting
the colony and setting in mo
tion a strange chain of events.
The water-seepage triggered
growth and mildew in the
liullless grass seeds so care
fully stored in the under
ground granaries of the ant
hill. In the close, still air, the
damp seeds started to mold
some to sprout.
The ants gathered the
dampened seeds and one by
one carried them along the
passageway to the earth's sur
face. Seemingly the insects
knew that the rain was over
and the sun was shining. In
the warm rays the seeds were
laid out to dry.
Had Been Gathered
Those same seeds had been
gathered one by one from the
grasses that grew a few yards
from the ant-hill. Each seed
carried by a hard working
ant had been de-hulled and, if
necessary, de-sprouted before
it was stored in the ants' gran
ary. The student of ant-behavior
denies that some instinctive
foresight on the part of the
ants prompted them actually
to plant the grass seeds out
there in the first place.
He insists that the grass
just naturally grew there and
Jehovah Witnesses
Slate Convention
Portland d'PD - The District
Assembly of Jehovah's Wit
nesses will hold its annual
convention July 28-31 at Mult
nomah Stadium with 14,000
to 18.000 persons expected to
attend, according to Maurice
O'Callaghan, rooming direc
tor. O'Callaghan said some 3,
000 housing acommodations
had been obtained so far.
the ants built their home close
by it. Sometimes, well-kept
roads are built by the ants
from the nest to the grass
forest; roads over which many
generations of ants have made
their way to and from the
harvest-fields.
The human observer does
admit, however, that the chaff
that is always removed from
the seeds by the ants is car
ried away from the ant-hill
and deposited in the grass.
Whether this is for the fer
tilization of the growing
plants is a debatable question.
The student and the scien
tist believe the smell of the
mildewed grain prompts some
nervous response in the ant
mind to remove the dampened
grain. The dry seeds, having
no odor of mold, are returned
to the granary. Also admitted
is the ant's attention to the
removal of the embryo part of
the seed to prevent it from
germinating.
'Millers' Crush Seeds
Inside the colony ants with
large heads and large chew
ing mouth parts, called "mill
ers," crush the seeds, making
them edible for worker ants
who have weaker jaws.
It is supposed that these
heavy-jawed "millers" are de
stroyed by other members of
the ant colony after the "fall
grinding is completed," there
by saving what food they
would eat during the period
when no grass seed is avail
able. Observers have found the
miller ants heads have been
sawed off and the extra food
saved. In the economy of the
colony, it would be pointless
to feed extra and non-produc
tive citizens.
The collecting, storing,
husking and grinding of grain
for food sounds fantastic
when applied to insects; and
so, too, is the peculiar habit
of the harvester ants in re
moving wet grain to dry in
the sun. Reporting the actions
of these highly organized in
sects is easier than explain
ing why or how they do it.
(Released by The Register
and Tribune Syndicate. 1960)
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BUY NOW . i . SALE ENDS THURS., JUNE 30
Union Uses California To Launch Bid
For Higher Wages for Farm Laborers
Stockton, Calif.-UIPD-Organ-ized
labor is making Califor
nia the springboard for a na
tionwide campaign to boost
State Department
Seeks Workers
Washington, D. C. - The
state department is looking
for young men and women
to employ as clerical workers
both in the United States and
abroad.
Persons interested in em
ployment in Washington, D.C.
as stenographers, typists,
and clerks must be at least
18 years of age, and must
qualify by passing a civil
service examination, a physi
cal examination and a back
ground investigation.
Young people interested in
'Foreign Service" employ
ment as secretaries, stenogra
phers, communications, mail
and pouch clerks must be at
least 21; American citizens
for at least five years; single
with no dependents; high
school graduates in excellent
health, and available to go to
any one of 286 embassies, le
gations or consulates located
in 90 countries throughout the
world.
They must be able to pass
performance tests, and meet
a minimum work experience
requirement of three years.
College training may be
substituted for a maximum of
18 months of experience.
Starting salaries range from
$3,730 to $4,180 plus travel
expenses and housing allowances.
Further details and applica
tion forms may be obtained
from the employment divi
sion, department of state,
Washington 25, D.C.
wages of farm workers.
Farmers in the nation's rich
est agricultural state have
served notice they will fight
any wage increases. They
charged that wage higes will
send food prices soaring.
An opening signal of the
campaign came a fortnight
ago when the AFL-CIO gave
official sanction to the Agri
cultural Workers Organizing
Committee - a group with
which California ranchers are
already familiar.
Norman Smith, the man
chosen to direct the organ
izing drive, told farmers last
year how he was going to
force farm wages up.
He said he would first try
to negotiate a price, before
the harvest of a given crop.
His aim is to get an average
minimum of $1.25 an hour
in all fruit and vegetable
picking.
For those who refuse to pay
his rates, Smith said he would
wait until the fruit is ripe
then picket the ranch.
The California Department
of Employment has ruled
that when a farm is thus in
volved in a labor dispute, it
cannot recruit domestic work
ers or assent to the use of
Mexican nationals until the
dispute Is settled.
The farmer has little choice
but to give in to the union
or let the fruit crop rot. Two
cherry farmers chose the lat
ter course two weeks ago and
lost an estimated $100,000.
The union's reason for
choosing California to start
the natoin-wide campaign is
obvious: If it can do it here,
it can probably do it any
where. "California has the great
est concentration of both farm
workers and corporate farms,
as well as year-round har
vesting," Smith said.
Central Valley Target
He has centered his opera
tions in the state's great Cen
tral Valley, one of the richest
agricultural areas in the world
with over 200 crops, many
grown nowhere else in the
country.
Quotes From the News
Mrs. Neuberger's
Funds Criticized
Portland 0IPD r- Mrs. Collis
P. Moore, Republican nation
al committeewoman from
Oregon, today criticized cam
paign contributions to Mrs.
Maurine Neuberger, Demo
cratic candidate for her late
husband's Senate scat, saying
most of them have come
from sources outside of Ore
gon. Mrs. Moore said the elec
tion report filed with the sec
retary of state's office showed
backers of Mrs. Neuberger
put up $24,875 before the May
20 primary. She said more
than $21,000 of this amount
came from "non - Oregon
sources-most of it from New
York, Chicago and Washing
ton, D. C."
BY UNITED PRESS INTERNATIONAL
New York Floyd Patterson, after regaining the world
heavyweight boxing crown with a fifth round knockout
over Ingemar Johansson:
"I was 'wailing for him to come to me. When he didn't,
well, I had to go to him. I guest I did, huh?"
New York Edwin Ahlquist, Johansson's advisor, telling
reporters the former champ would have no statement just
now:
"Ingemar doesn't feel like talking to anyone right now
. . . The best man won."
Hollywood Robert Stack, on receiving an Emmy award
as best actor for his TV role in "The Untouchables";
"I always laughed at people when they got things like
the Emmy. But I'm not laughing now."
Springfield, Ohio Dr. Barbara Moore, still trudging
across the country in the wake of two British sergeants who
completed the San Francisco-New York hike Friday, re
peated her charge that the men got rides:
"They just had a good hitchhiking holiday across America.
But if they try to claim a record. I will subpoena them."
During the peak harvest
month of September last
year, the Department of Em
ployment reported 544,000
farm workers in the fields.
Of that total, 84,000 were
Mexican "Braceros."
The Braceros are Smith's
second target. He wants to get
rid of the "foreign army"
which he says depresses the
wages for the domestic la
borers. Most of the harvest "strikes"
this year have lasted only
a few minutes, mainly be
cause the smaller growers
can't afford to lose what
they've already put into their
crops. It's the big corporate
farms that are the union's
special targets.
Farmers and farm groups
have banded together to build
up a defense against the un
ion committee. So far their
main efforts have been to
build up comparatively small
pools of non-union workers
as insurance against losing
their crops.
Farmers also have asked
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Edith Green's
Election Hailed
Washington IUP1) - The wo
man's division of the Demo
cratic National Committee has
hailed the election of Rep.
Edith Green (D-Ore.) to head
the state Democratic delega
tion to the convention in Los
Angeles in July.
Katie Louchheim, vice
chairman of the committee,
said Mrs. Green is apparently
the first woman to be the
chairman of a stale delega
tion. The 17-man delegation will
cast its vote for Sen. John F.
Kennedy (D-Mass.) for the
nomination.
Rep. Green also Is chair
man of the Kennedy campaign
committee in Oregon.
Director Irving Perluss of the
Employment Department to
reinterpret his definition of a
farm labor dispute to allow
the department to recruit
workers in struck fields.
Attorneys for the farmers
argue that Perluss's definition
of a labor dispute should not
include agriculture. Perluss
has asked them to take a
case to court in order to de
cide it one way or the other.
Farm wages already have
risen considerably in Califor
nia in the past 10 years. For
instance, 10 years ago pick
ers of early apricots were
getting 70 to 90 cents an hour
in the Central Valley.
This year, after union ne
gotiators talked to framera
in the early opening Solano
Yolo county area, the aver
age rose from 90 cents to
$1.25.
Eventually, Smith said, the
union hopes to get a national
minimum wage based no
California's, which is the
highest.
Smith is not moved by ac
cusations from farmers that
his efforts to raise farm wages
will drive up the price of
food.
"A difference of 10 cents
in a bucket of cherries in the
field is a difference of one
half to one cent a pound in
the stores," he said. "That's
not going to break anybody."
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JERRY A. BARFOOT
I (undrwritcr)
I 307 Tcrmrnol SoUl luitding
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