MONDAY, JUNE 13. 1960
BEDFORD MAIL TRIBUNE. MEDFORD, ORE.
Political Jargon in Rome
Confusing, Used Often
By ERNEST K. SAKLER
United Preii International
Rome d'PD - Are you for a
n 0 n-programmatic monocol
or of Christian Democratic
concentration or would you
prefer a tripartite center-left
with a pre-constituted major
ity and non-qualifying ab
stentions.
This may sound confusing,
but it has become the accept
ed political parlance in Italy.
And it is not a bit more com
plicated than the complicated
things it defines.
It all began in 1953. Until
then, a government was a gov
ernment and a coalition was
a coalition-as simple as that.
Then, in the 1953 general
elections, the middle-road par
ties lost ground. Alcide de
Gasperi, who had ruled Italy
for eight years, fell from
power and died the following
year, and things political
started growing awfully com
plicated. More Complex
They have kept becoming
more complex by the year and
Italian politicians have kept
inventing new names for the
new left or right-slanted card
castles they build in parlia
ment. The definitions are strict,
hair-splitting and ingenious
in the tradition of the country
which invented "non-belligerency"
and "co-belligerency."
"Non-belligerency," as dis
tinct from neutrality, was in
vented by Benito Mussolini in
the opening months of World
War Two when he did not im
mediately join Hitler's at
tack on the Allies but was too
proud of his Axis links to
call himself a neutral. The
idea was that Italy was an al
ly of Germany but didn't hap
pen to be at war yet.
When Italy signed an ar
mistice with the Allies and
later joined in the war against
Germany, the Anglo-Americans
would not recognize Italy
as an ally on equal terms. So
Italy invented "co-belligerency"-
making war by the
Allies' side without being an
ally.
With this juridicial train
ing, if was not surprising that
Italians should succeed well
in defining the various poli
tical complications of domes
tic affairs.
When Giuseppe Pella, a
Christian Democrat, formed
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a one-party government In
1953, it was of course a
"mono-color" (single political
color), and since it was run
ning the nation's affairs on an
emergency basis pending a
political clarification it was a
"business government."
The Christian Democrats,
who did not want to commit
themselves entirely to Pella,
called his cabinet a "friendly
government" rather than a
Christian Democratic one.
Summing it up, you had a
"friendly business mono-color."
The "friendliness," inci
dentally, lasted about five
months, after which the
Christian Democrats toppled
Pella from power.
The number of political
terms has since been grow
ing and would by now be big
enough to make up a small
dictionary all by itself.
A government has or does
not have a "pre-constituted
m a j o r i t y," according to
whether a sufficient number
of parties has pledged in ad
vance to support it, either in
a formal coalition or outside.
Outside votes are "qualify
ing" when they influence the
political shade of the gov
ernment. They are not qual
ifying if they are "added
votes" or "non-determining"-in
other words if the govern
ment would not need them
for a majority.
When the late Premier
Adone Zoli in 1957 formed a
one-party government with
out formally asking the sup
port of any specific other
group, he half-jokingly, half-
seriously called it a govern
ment with a "pre-constituted
minority."
Various Kinds
A one-party government
may or may not include lead
ers of all opposing factions
in the Christian Democratic
party. If it does, it is called
'Christian Democratic con
centration government."
A two-party government is
a bipartite, a three-party cab
inet a tripartite and a four-
party one is a quadripartite.
These, of course, can be of
various kinds - center, center-left,
or center right - ac
cording to their make up and
program.
A government resting on
needed but unwanted sup
port from other parties is a
government of necessity. A
government with or without a
markedly partisan program is
'programmatic" or "non-pro
grammatic."
A government paving the
way to collaboration with
the Socialists or the Rightists,
is an opening to the left" or
"to the right." A government
refusing to collaborate with
the Socialists but embarking
on a big program of social
reform is a "government of
social opening."
Many Italians are becoming
fed up. One said what Italy
really needed was what form
er President Lugi Einaud used
as the title of one of his
books: II Buongoverno" (the
good government),
Butler Says Demos
Have 'to be Right'
Washington - (UPD - Demo
cratic National Chairman
Paul M. Butler said Saturday
his party "has to be right,
win or lose."
He made the remark after
Sen. William Proxmire (D
Wis.) praised him as a chair
man who proved it is more
important to slam some back
bone into a party" than to uni
fy it.
Proxmire's accolade was
one of many offered by liber
al Democrats at a testimonial
luncheon for Butler. He has
announced he will give up the
chairmanship after the party's
national convention in July.
Responding to the remarks
about him, Butler said in the
two years after he took office
in January, 1955, he tried to
weld together the factions
within the party. "I was
wrong in that," he continued.
"I have consistently held that
the party has to be right, win
or lose,"
Albany - (UPD - A 2V4-year-old
boy was killed about noon
Saturday on a farm near Tan
gent seven miles south of
here when he fell under the
wheel of a tractor his grand
father was driving.
-Small
F-?tfWorlds
T (Around
By Lynn M. Watkins
Ever Try A
Rose Sandwich?
Did you know you can ex
perience gastronomical e c s -tacy
from materials from a
flower garden? Besides what
it will do for your taste buds,
a short Journey into the world
of edible flowers will add im
measurably to your diet with
out adding any unnecessary
weight. i
What has been merely grat
ifying your aesthetic sense in
a garden can become some
thing that excites your sali
vary glands into joyous and
eager anticipation.
There are a lot of stray
vitamins around in your flow
er garden doing you no good.
You look at the container that
hold the vitamins and enjoy
their beauty without cash
ing in on their food value.
The containers are the flow
ers, the blossoms of the plants.
Full of Vitamins
Flowers are just crammed
full of vitamins and nutri
ments waiting to load your
table with exotic flavors and
combinations of benefits.
Flowers added to other
foods make the foods taste
better. There's an entire gal
axy of them. Hibiscus buds
from certain species are said
to be delicious in curries, but
as I have not the slightest
idea what a curry is, I cannot
recommend it. But some of the
others are "beautiful." Just
look at all the colorful mari
golds that actually go to waste
every year.
A beef roast cooked with a
small handful of marigold
blossoms takes on a delicate
flavor; besides the marigold
blossoms are chock full of
various vitamins. Marigolds
were raised for many, many
years because they were good
to eat and full of what we now
know are vitamins. Pot mari
golds were a standard purt of
early European gardens. They
were called pot herbs, and
were eaten for what was then
supposed to be medicinal ben
efits. Roses, Too
Roses were cultivated in
gardens for many decades as
a food crop. Rose pips, the
small balls that remain on the
bush when the petals fall
away, are very rich in vita
mins. Roses and primroses
stirred up together are de
licious as a salad. In a sand
which, roses are something to
"write home about." And
nothing could be more exotic
than a salad of chopped vio
lets. Add a dash of olive oil
and you have something.
Many common plants are
useful as a garnish. Parsley
dropped on the edge of a steak
should not be thrown away.
Eat it by all means; it's got a
little of everything you need.
A small handful of parsley,
with a like amount of water
cress made into a sandwich,
becomes a delightful lunch.
Try This
' A dish of vegetable soup
with a few crisp, fresh nas
turtium leaves added will be
a taste revelation. You can
easily cultivate an appetite for
this one.
If you overlooked planting
a bed of nasturtiums in your
garden, take a few leaves
from a geranium plant and
come up with a glorified soup.
If you or your garden neigh
bor happens to have a "rose
geranium," then you are in
luck.
Your soup will be delicious
ly different, and at the same
time it will possess some of
the delightful fragrance of
a cosmetic counter.
Mailman Blames
Doabites on Cats
Fanwood, N.J. - Mailman
Harold R. Hartpeno loves
dogs and blames cats for the
27 dogbites he has suffered in
31 years of lugging letters.
"Dogs," he explained, "pick
up the scent of cats on a mail
man's uniform. They really
don't dislike mailmen. They
just hate cats."
Hartpence said the last time
he was bitten was seven years
ago. "I had been petting the
family cat and a dog ripped
my pants clean off."
SOI
DON'T MISS HEARING
The Director of
Washington Saucer Intelligence
Major Wayne S. Aho
TOPIC: "Revelations of Forthcoming Events"
Vital Year 1960 Urgent Message
O
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