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TUESDAY. JUNE 7, I960
Three Factors Given For Gardening
By Rogue Valley Nurserymen's Group
By J. VERNON MARSHALL i which In ,,nnl (h ccnl7i . i .11
By J. VERNON MARSHALL
Note for Rogue Valley
nurserymen and Growers as
Eociation.
Now the weather has clear
ed up ana all danger of frost
is over, we should nlani
garden, landscape our yards,
hiiu Deauuiy our homes in
general.
There are plenty of annuals.
perennials, trees an dshrubs.
jviosi nurseries are growing
them in containers now so
they can be moved any time
of the year without danger
of loss. The cost of plants is
very small in comparison to
the pleasure you will gain by
maintaining a well landscaped
home. I would like to mention
some facts that are very im
portant this time of year, and
as far as that goes, for the
year around. I would like to
talk about manures, fertilizers
and soil drainage, the most
important factors to success
ful gardening.
Fertilizers Important
There is no subject In gar
dening more deserving of con
sideration and careful study
than that of fertilizers and
other forms of plan food.
Lucky indeed is the gardener
who keeps a couple of cows
to supply him with ma
nure. One can get along nice
ly with cow manure alone
without paying much atten
tion to so-called commercial
fertilizers or chemical salts as
plant foods.
With cow manure on hand
.Whathor froch In Tin. .1.1
form, or well decomposed and
mixed in with soil we hardly
need spoil a single crop. Con
ditions, however, have chang
ed and are changing rapidly,
and it seems almost as if the
automobile had not only done
away with the horse, but has
driven the cows away, also.
There are really more cows
In the country than ever, only
they are distributed different
ly. The cost of manure, if
bought, is almost prohibitive.
Gradually some of us are be
ginning to realize that we
have to find substitutes with
Dr. Leo J.
announces the opening of
The
LITHIA PARK
VETERINARY CLINIC
88 No. Main Street
Ashland, Oregon
MU 5-0541
f V
Which to Ktinnlv tho PQepntinl
plant foods, such as nitrogen,
phosphoric acid and potash,
one or tlie other of which
if not all three is usually
lacking in most soils.
We are beginning to realize
that we are in the dark about
what the soil in our particuar
section lacks in essential plant
food requirements. Nor do we
intelligently go about apply
ing fertilizer. We look upon
a bag of 2-12-1 fertilizer with
Suspicion, just because it
doesn't look like a yard of
manure. We don't realize that
the food values in that bag
are far greater than what is
actually available in that yard
of manure.
Drainage Required
Now for drainage With
the possible exception of aqua
Farm
Washington (UPD - The agri
culture department predicts
higher cash rents for both
farms and pasture land this
year in most north central
states.
These states are the na
tion's big crop and livestock
production area. They include
Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Iowa,
Missouri, Michigan, Wiscon
sin, Minnesota, North Dakota,
South Dakota, Nebraska and
Kansas.
An economist, writing in
"the Farm Cost Situation,"
reports rental rates for north
central farms range from $17
to $20 per acre in the central
corn belt to about $5 per acre
in North Dakota and South
Dakota.
Interest
Interest rates paid by farm
ers rose sharply in 1959, and
probably will continue at a
high level during 1960, the
department said. Interest
rates in the central money
markets rose to new heights
in late 1959, but declinde ear
ly in 1960 because of a level
ing off in the demand for
credit.
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tics, all plants need drainage
to do well. We often overlook
this fact in the case of plants
requiring moisture, and have
them go back on us. Even
the garden should be provided
with proper drainage the
same as the haspmpnt nf n
dwelling, and the heavier the
sudsoh, me more drainage is
neessary in . order to keep
things sweet. A few four inch
drain tiles, with a covering
of cinders and provided with
a proper outlet will in a short
time pay many times over for
the cost of installation. All
vegetables, flowers and shrub
beds need drainage. You can
not water daily without hav
ing drainage to take the sur
plus moisture away. The more
vou water the more rirninnpp
becomes necessary.
Notes
Wool Steady
Department economists re
ported that world wool prices
were expected to remain rela
tively steady at current levels
into midsummer. This was
based on the fact that world
production and consumption
were about in balance. The
department predicted that the
world production and con
sumption of wool during 1960
would be at or above the rec
ord levels of last season.
The Foreign Agricultural
Service said Argentina's ex
po r t s of horsemeat rose
sharply in 1959 with the Unit
ed States becoming a buyer
for the first time. U.S. pur
chases of Argentine horse
meat totaled 2,300,000 pounds
last year and were expected
to increase in 1960.
Washington (UPD The Agri
culture department said today
farm production costs in 1960
were likely to be higher than
the 26 billion dollars estimat
ed for 1959.
Economists noted in the de
partment publication, "The
Farm Cost Situation," that the
average of prices paid for pro
duction goods and services in
April was slightly above that
of a year earlier. This rise
occurred despite lower prices
for feed' and livestock, which
comprised about 28 per cent
of all production expenses in
1959.
The use of production items
from non-farm sources prob
ably will continue to increase
and prices of most of these
items will be higher in 1960
than in 1959, the Department
said.
Wage Increase
Wage rates of hired labor
were expected to increase, al
though total expenditures for
hired labor might not change
appreciably from those of
1959, when coupled with a
drop in the number of hired
hands.
Interest payments and prop
erty taxes will be up sharply,
the Department said. Total ex
penditures for livestock and
feed might be lower.
The prices of motor vehi
cles, farm supplies and fertili
zer were unchanged this
War
NW YORK It iuaa
Lamb Pool Ready
In Three Weeks
Another lamb pool is ex
pected in about three weeks
here for Jackson county sheep-
growers, according to County
Agent Earle Jossy.
Yesterday 277 lambs were
shipped out by truck from
Midway auction yards on
Table Rock rd. to San Fran!
Cisco. Pool price is $20.50 a
hundred weight. They were
weighed in at Midway with a
4 per cent shrink allowed and
a cost of 25 cents per 100
pounds deducted for handling,
bookkeeping, pooling and use
of the yards and scales.
This is as good as anyone
has received locally for their
lambs," Jossy commented.
"The lamb market fell apart
early this year.
Last Wednesday sheepgrow-
ers sold 2,500 fleeces to the
wool pool for 51 V4 cents a
pound. Klamath basin sheep
at the same time were bring
ing 46 cents a pound for their
range wool. However, the
range wool shrinks more since
it is not as clean, it was ex
plained. Dispute Continues
On Owner of Barque
Astoria-OIPD-The question of
who owns the wrecked British
barque Peter Iredale was up
in the air again today.
Court records revealed last
week end that the late R. E.
Hendricks had purchased at
least a part of the vessel in
1917 for $25.
Hendrick's son, Cliff, a re
porter for the Oregon City
Enterprise-Courier, has claim
ed the vessel, saying it was
left to him by his father.
But Monday, a further
search of records showed
Hendricks apparently had
sold the wreckage to a J. A.
Moshor for $325, also in 1917.
Clatsop county plans to re
sist any efforts to remove the
vessel for salvage.
spring from last. Feed was
down 2 per cent and feeder
livestock down 4 per cent.
Items for which prices
were higher this spring than
last, were motor supplies, up
one per cent; farm machinery,
up 4 per cent; building and
fencing materials, up one per
cent; seed, up 6 per cent;
taxes, up 6 per cent; wage
rates, up 5 per cent; farm real
estate, up 3 per cent.
Washington - (UPD - The in
crease in the market value of
farm real estate slowed no
ticeably in 1959.
After advancing 6 to 8 per
cent in each of the three pre
vious years, the increase in
farm real estate values in the
year ended March 1 was only
per cent.
Although on state reported
decline in the latest 12-
month period, increases were
per cent or less in most of
the corn belt, lake states, and
northern plains. Values in
creased more than the nation-
1 average in most of the
Mountain and Pacific states
and in New England.
Washington - IUPD - The ag
riculture department's current
progress report on the nation-
rural development pro
gram notes an increase in
community health improve
ment work in many of the 200
participating counties.
More than 30 examples of
health improvement activity
wore described in the depart
ment bulletin "Health Im
provement Through the Rural
Development Program - Third
Progress Report. 1
Poultry will have to be
meatier to qualify for U.S.
Grade "A" after July when
the department's revised stan
dards for poultry go into ef
fect. The revised standards
call for a greater amount of
flesh on the breast of "A'
quality birds.
New standards and grades
for poultry parts also are pro
vided so that shoppers can
buy, for example, U.S. Grade
'A chicken or turkey legs.
Other changes include use of
loll" grade marks U.S. Grade
A, B or C to individually
graded, ready-to-eat poultry;
new wholesale and procure
ment grades; and redefinition
of the standards, in part, so
they will be applied more uni
formly.
The department and the
American dairy industry
again have set aside June as
National Dairy Month. In do
ing so, the Department noted
that the industry was ceic
brating something like 350
years of continues progress
since the first 100 cows ar
rived at the Jamestown Col
ony.
Dairying is a major source
of income not only to farmers
but to thousands of workers
who haul milk Som farms to
creameries, process it in milk
plants and factories, and trans
port it and sell it at homes,
stotes, and restaurants.
The Department's current
statistics show that farm cash
receipts from dairying repre
sent 14 per cent of all receipts
from farm juducti. .
MEDFORD MAIL TRIBUNE.
CHIT CHAT-
By JOE COWLEY
Mail Tribune Farm Editor
The last two weeks have
the Rogue River valley.
This year's first cutting is
ton for alfalfa. Quality is not as good as expected. One farm
er said the cool, wet spring weather held it back and allowed
the weeds to grow as fast as the hay.
Practically all of the first cutting of alfalfa is down and
harvesters art; moving half way into the meadow hay which
usually comes on a little later. This year's crop statewide is
larger than usual. However,
last year due to the short crop
remain good and perhaps get
Local berries are just beginning to come on the market.
We noticed at one of the fruit stands strawberries from Cali
fornia were selling for five
operator said he was losing about 25 cents a crate, but was
using it as a come on for his customers. Local berries are
selling now for about 30 cents
The Rogue Valley pear crop
state hit by hail. The strawberry crop in the Albany-Lebanon
area was hit by hail, also. However, despite this and the
unseasonably wet weather there the area may have a bumper
crop of strawberries, an area spokesman said. To the house
wife, it may mean much lower strawberry prices if any of
the berries are trucked into this area. It may put a squeeze
on the local growers' prices, too.
Growers in the Albany-Lebanon area see an unusually
heavy set of berries on the rankly growing vines. The grow
ers are hoping for gradual warming and clearing weather,
or dry cool weather from now until the crop is harvested.
This would permit several pickings, allowing the smaller
berries to gain size while the larger ones, maturing first,
were being picked.
We have said many times that we thing teen-agers could
be used more in the pear harvest to give the growers their
desperately needed labor at picking time. While visiting
with one of the local restaur;it proprietors and his wife,
formerly of North Dakota, we learned they used to harvest
potatoes when they were youngsters. In fact, the wife tells
me, that it was the custom for Red River valley youngsters
to earn spare cash by working in the potato harvest. They
said there is no harder work than dragging the heavy baskets
around and stooping over to dig
Then we read in the May 18 issue of the Eugene Register
Guard that the Lane County Chamber of Commerce has
been asked to support a request by the Emerald Empire
Growers' association that the opening of school next fall be
postponed until after the pole bean harvest. The growers
pointed out that in Lane county the farmers depend on 10,000
students from 9 to 18 years old to help pick. This matter
was referred to the chamber's agriculture committee (which
the Medford Chamber of Commerce does not yet have func
tioning.) 1
Strawberry growers in the
on school youngsters for harvest. These are organized into
olatoons with mothers or interested adults acting as platoon
leaders to recruit the kids and
kids can make from $5 to $10
can make about $12 a day.
tried here for pear-picking?
The sour cherry deal looks good and Is getting better,
The fruit came through the frost period well. Bagley Canning
comrjanv over in Ashland
vallev can nroduce. Newbry
in Ashland, may handle some
vear the vallev has 25 to 30
tions are that 5 to 10 additional acres will be planted. Best
location is considered the heavy soil on Ashland hillsides
which also puts them close to
Farmers in the Phoenix
with couriers. This has been a
they report. One farmer reports some luck gassing them
with the tractor.
Costs are still squeezing
hard. Rogue valley small farmers report high cost of spray
materials and tractors work a special hardship. One farmer
said he was pricing new tractors last week end. In 1944 his
tractor cost $1,212. The same tractor now costs $3,750. Per
haps the small farmers should pool equipment and spray
rigs. That might help some.
rim. cost the farmer does
the cost through gopher damage to his crops. Since these
litilp hcasfs. which mav be uglv enough to remind you of
Uncle Louie, spend much of
probably won t see them until
cut. Their burrows also often cause breaks in irrigation
ditches costing hundreds of dollars in repair work beside
the crop loss caused by the flooding. How to get ria 01 tnese
pesky creatures is related elsewhere on this page.
Th nnnltrvmen of the area
probably be firm from now on through to Oetober. Local
egg outlets are paying 38 cents a dozen on double A extra
large, 34 cents for mediums and 27 cents lor smaiis. iocaiiy,
the double A, extra large went up a cent Friday.
Checking the OSC bulletin
steady market since prices paid Portland area egg producers
at that period, ranch basis, ranged from 34 to 38Vi cents a
dozen on double A extra large. Double A large sold at 32
to 36'4 cents, or 3 to 5 cents
egg prices dropped to the lowest level in nearly 20 years.
Grade A large traded in the 30 to 32 cent range, up 0 cents
from a year earlier. Mediums cashed at 29 to 32V4 cents,
or 6 to 7 cents above a year ago. Smalls brought 3 cents
a dozen more than a year ago, ranging from 23 to 26 'A
cents a dozen.
Al Hart of Hart's hatchery
terest in the turkey breeding
meat are bringing good prices, he said. Excellent climate
in the Rogue valley makes
The over-increasing population is another incentive since
people are eating more and more turkey on a year-round
basis.
The Central California markets In May showed a 2 to 3
cent steady price above a year
However, the price may take a slight drop by fall since more
of the big birds arc being raised for next fall's market, ac
cording to agricultural economist Stephen C. Marks. We
should have a much clearer national turkey picture by the
end of this month since May and June are the last two big
poult hatching months of the year. April's hatch of heavy
poults was no larger than the same month last year, but this
year's January-April hatch was 15 per cent larger. The light
breed poult hatch was only half as large as a year earlier.
NEED 220-100 AMP SERVICE
LET SEARS ARRANGE INSTALLATION
Includes! Service lot Ranee, Dryer and Het Weter Tank
Up to 10 Feet lack. Plus I Circuits.
O PHONE SP 3-6661 JFOR FREE ESTIMATES
MEDFORD, ORE.
been real haying weather for
bringing not less than $25 a
there is no carry over from
last season so the price should
better.
boxes for $1. The fruit stand
more.
wasn't the only crop in the
up the potatoes.
Willamette valley also depend
supervise tneir picKing. ine
a day and the platoon leader
Why can't the same thing be
has agreed to can all that the
Orchards packing company, also
frozen pack In the future. This
acres in sour cnerries. rreaic.
where they will be processed,
area report considerable trouble
continual fight over the years,
the small farmer, particularly
not have to put up with Is
their lives underground you
alter your auaua roots are
report the egg market will
dated May 16 this shows a
higher than a year ago. Ihcn
is trying to work up more In-
program. Both turkey eggs and
the turkey Industry a natural,
ago on new crop live turkeys,
AS LOW AS
$85oo
Nothing Down, 3 Years
To Pay On Sears
Modernizing Credit Plan
Western Europe Saw Danger of
Communism in Harriman Early
Fdllor's notr-: Prohablv
other time in history have Ameri
cans been as curious as they are
today about Russia, its policies and
Its people. And probably no livlnR
Ameriran knows more about Rus
sia than former New York (iov.
Averell Harriman. who first visited
tlie country in 18K9 and served as
li. S. ambassador to the Soviet Un
ion from 1943 to 11146.
In a recently published book,
"Peace with Russia?" (Simon and
Schuster). Harriman tells of a six
week. 18.000-nille tour through the
country during which he had a
scries of conversations with Nlklla
Khrushchev and other Icadinc So
viet officials. Some or the hijth
llshts of the Harriman hook are
contained In a series of three dis
patches be-in distributed by United
Press International, the first of
which follows.
By AVERELL HARRIMAN
(Distributed by UPI)
Even before Germany sur
rendered it became clear to
me that the outwardly friend
ly relations of our wartime
alliance were not going to
survive the peace.
I reported to the President,
the secretary of state and
other members of the cabinet
Time Lack Cited
In Lack of Bids
On State Machines
Portland -(UPD-Freeman Hol-
mer, director of the Depart
ment of Finance and Adminis
tration, said Monday bids in
choice of new data processing
equipment were not asked for
because of a shortage of time.
Holmer appeared before the
Legislative Interim Commit
tee on Welfare, which was
looking into lease of IBM mag
netic tape equipment which
will cost about $19,000 a
month.
The finance director said
the responsibility was shared
between his department and
the welfare department,
which made known its needs.
The rapidly approaching legal
deadline for welfare efforts
to recover be' payments for
recipients from legally re
sponsible relatives made It
necessary to proceed without
calling for bids.
Exceptions Told
Some committee members
reviewed state regulations
which they said called for
bids for any purchases above
$1,000. Holmer said there
were exceptions when only
one supplier can meet the re
quirements of the state, and
that it was true in this case.
Holmer said addition
magnetic tape to replace the
punch card system to the IBM
machines at welfare makes
for relatively easier and min
or changes and that it will be
in operation in July. He said
Remington Rand could not
have been in operation before
October.
Ray Field, management con
sultant overseeing the busi
ness machines' use for wel
fare, estimated that $240,000
would have been lost if the
installation had been de
layed as much as four months.
SPEAKING FOR MODERN OIL Htvi ...
'While I Pay the Bills,
We'll Stick to
Oil Heat!
I'm wearing the money we saved on fuel bills last winter. A
new suit for mc, a spring coat for the wife . . , that's the kind
of savings we've made by switching to oil heat. And, if you're
the kind who likes solid comfort, I say join me You'll go for
a heating plant that makes it T-shirt weather all winter long.
Oil heat costs far less than any other modern hoating system.
Ask your heating oil dealer for proof I
In MEDFORD, the finest homes use modern oil heat...
for safety for dependability for economy for comfort
that the outward thrust of
communism was not dead and
that we might well have to
face an ideological war
against an antagonist just as
vigorous and dangerous as
Nazism or fascism.
In April, 1945, I cabled
Washington; "We must real
ize that the Soviet program is
the establishment of totalitar
ianism ending personal liber
ty and democracy as we know
and respect it."
During one of my talks
with (the late premier Josef)
Stalin he told me he expected
communism to flourish in
"the cesspools of capitalism."
The economic dislocations of
liberated Western Europe
were creating just such dan
gerous conditions even be
fore the war ended.
Concepts Promoted
Referring to these areas, I
wired Washington on April 4:
"The Communist party or its
associates everywhere are us
ing economic difficulties in
areas under our responsibili
ties to promote Soviet con
cepts and policies and to un
derline the influence of the
Western Allies. The only hope
Plant Burglarized
Twice on Week End
Dover, Del. (UPD - A small
manufacturing plant was
broken into twice in one week
end - the second time by
thieves who apparently didn't
know that others had been
there first.
Police said robbers broke a
window and attempted un
successfully to burn and bat
ter a safe open. They left
their tools behind.
After police investigated
this incident, a door was
broken open and a quantity
of equipment and merchan
dise was taken.
of
(You don't hove to be rich to enoyl
f RICH BOURttOVl 1
)F'mmZmzj fi old fi
S' aJt l-i if .
I Vr-' Jg C4. 145
I VT 1 Vss-v
Old Quaker 1
A BARREL Ot QUALITY IN EVERY BOTTLE -J
V
siuiski minion mnti it hoof ou
of stopping Soviet penetration
is the development of sound
economic conditions."
I recommended specifically
that in addition to the relief
program of UNRRA "we
should through such economic
aid as we can give to our
western allies, including
Greece as well as Italy, ; re
establish a reasonable life for
th' people of these countries."
In April of 1945 I had
cabled from Moscow to Wash
ington information Stalin had
given me about his ambitious
plans for Russian industrial
expansion. The plan, I re
ported, would take 15 or 20
years during which, among
other things, Russian steel
production capacity was to be
tripled from pre-war level.
We now know that these plans
were not daydreams. , Both
Stalin and (Premier Nikita)
Khrushchev had pushed the
program with the greatest vig-
and the steel capacity of
which I wrote has already
been tripled - in 14 years. ;
New Kind of Threat , ,.
This industrial expansion
has raised a new kind of
threat to the non-Communist
world. While Stalin planned
to exploit "the cesspools of
capitalism" to expand com
munism, Khrushchev now be
lieves that the success of his
industrial expansion with Im
proved living standards will
give him a new, powerful
weapon to further Commu
nist revolution.
In one of my recent talks
with him he said frankly, "We
can demonstrate the advan
tages of our system and set
an example to other countries
which they will have to fol
low." "
This concept of Communist
expansion by example, Khru
shchev implied, will be par
ticularly effective in the .un
derdeveloped countries im
patient to leap from a primi
tive agrarian community to a
self - sustaining industrial
state. :
Code 14SC
quaiii tismiint to,i.wiiciiui.,in.