What Is The Law?
Thii column U prepared as a public service by the
Colleqe of Law. Willamette Univeriity, Ealem. to
xplain basie legal principles, not io provide legal
advice. The reader ii cautioned not to apply theie cam
to hit own problem! without an attorney's advice, ior
differing facts may change the outcome.
Judge Can Use Contempt
To Control Courtroom
Effective performance of
the judicial function involves
certain apparent conflicts
with the principle of free
speech. Obviously, there is no
right of free speech in a
courtroom during a trial. A
spectator who attempted to
make a speech would be in
terfering with the conduct of
the trial. Even the partici
pants in the trial-jurors, coun
sel, defendants - may speak
only in conformity with the
rules and traditions of the
court. To make his control
over the proceedings effec
tive, the presiding judge has
the power to hold persons in
contompt of court, and pun
ish by fine or imprisonment
anyone in the courtroom who
interferes with the conduct of
a trial.
Lawyer Fined
The mase. of Fisher v. Pace
1949 involved an episode in a
Texas court. A lawyer who
refused to subside on orders
from the judge and was fined
$25 on the spot, and $50 as he
kept on talking and finally
$100 and three days in jail
as he Ignored the judge's
me." This summary procedure
by the trial judge was upheld
by the U. S. Supreme Court.
The celebrated case of Sa
cher v. United Slates (1952)
warning not to "mess with
Involved the contempt of
court sentences passed on the
lawyers for the defendants in
the prosecution of eleven
Communist Party leaders who
were convicted for engaging
in activities designed to over
throw the United Stales gov
ernment. The trial lasted nine
months and was one of the
most hectic criminal trials in
American court annals. Five
defense attorneys carried on
a running battle with Judge
Medina, who became con
vinced that the lawyers were
deliberately insulting h i m
NOW AT
I 1
75."' I
J I
Uu
IT PAYS TO GO TO . . .
ANDERS
PHOTO
SHOP
throughout the nine months'
trial. On numerous occasions
Medina warned counsel that
their conduct was contemtn.
ous, but in order not to delay
the trial or deprive defend
ants of counsel, he did not
cite them for contempt until
after the jury had brought in
its verdict and been dis
charged. Then Medina asked
the lawyers to stand nn rear!
them a portion of the lengthy
contempt certificate he had
prepared, found them all
guilty of contempt, and sen
tenced them to prison.
Procedure Upheld
The U. S. Supreme Court
upheld Medina's Drocedure.
pointing out that: "there may
rje no misunderstanding, we
make clear that this Court, if
its aid be needed, will unhes
itatingly protect counsel in
fearless, vigorous and effec
tive performance of every
duty pertaining to the office
of the advocate on behalf of
any person whatsoever. But
it will not equate eontempt
with courage of insults with
independence. It will also
protect the processes of or
derly trial, which is the su
preme object of the lawyer's
calling."
CP Dog License
Sales Number 610
Central Point-According to
city hall records, 610 dog li
censes have been sold in Cen
tral Point.
Not all of these purchases
hav ebeen made by local resi
dents. Some lnral reciHanlc
purchased licenses at the
Jackson county courthouse
from the clerk's office which
has sold more than R nnn fhic
year. City officials have is
sued a notice tnat dogs must
be confined to owners nrnn.
ertv during the months nf
April through July.
ANDERS-
GRIEN
STAMPS
232 E. Main
Medford
Err rr.77rF''
1 it '
IIIMlilWl B-n 'Twi e' Hi J 1
AT RETREAT President Eisenhower and Colombian Prcsi-
Al T 1 n ,
ucmi lucnu uicrus amargo are snown at Eisenhower s
Camp David retreat In the Catoctin mountains of Maryland
where they visited briefly on the week end. The two Presi
dents are shown as they posed in front of the main lodge,
Aspen. (UPI Telephoto)
Space Navigation
Is Difficult Art,
Scientists Assert
New York. N. Y. - (Scien
tific American Feature) - To
bring a space vehicle to a pre
cise rendezvous with the plan
ets calls for rocket-launching
techniques of fantastic accu
racy. The achievement of even
near miss in the case of
Mars (within 6,000 miles of
the planet) is like hitting a
duck with a rifle at a range
of 11 miles according to Au
brey B. Mickelwait, Edwin H.
Tompkins, Jr., and Robert A.
Park, specialists concerned
with the problems of inter
planetary navigation.
If rockets travelled under
continuous' power, they ex
plain, the problem of navigat
ing vehicles to a desired ob
jective would be easy. Like an
airplane, continuously power
ed rockets could be steered
while in flight. For the time
being, however, rockets must
be aimed like guns. Power is
available only during the first
few minutes of flight and the
navigation that is to bring the
vehicle to its destination must
be accomplished during those
few minutes.
The problem Is complicated
still further by the conflicting
demands of payload, radio
communications and available
power. No significant point is
served in sending a vehicle to
a neighboring planet unless it
is equipped to deliver infor-
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large 18-20; transfer of em
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pattern for Ist-class mailing.
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P. O. Box 168, Old Chelsea
Station, New York 11, N. Y.
Print plainly NAME, AD
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JUST OUT! Our New 1960
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7172 WSfiw
mation back to earth. This
means that the payload must
include instruments capable
of responding to or "sensing"
the desired information and
of radioing it to earthbound
observers. The farther away
the objective the more power
ful the rocket's radio trans
mitter must be and the great
er the amount of available
power at the time of launch
ing. Accordingly, those who
design the path in space to be
followed by the rockot are
well advised to select a
launching date when the earth
and the objective are in the
most favorable positions for
the flight. Jn the new special
ty of "trajectory designing,"
these dates are called minimum-energy
days.
The last minimum-energy
day for a flight to the planet
Venus was June 8, 1959. On
that date the planet was pre
cisely 180 degrees around the
sun from the earth and the
plane of Us orbit coincided
with that of the earth. Unfor
tunately, man's conquest of
space has come just too late
to exploit the advantages of
that day. An equally favora
ble opportunity will not occur
again for many centuries, al
though 1967 will bring a close
approximation. The next minimum-energy
day will occur
early in 1961. But a successful
launching on this day will call
for the rocket to be traveling
about 1,000 feet per second
faster at the moment its fuel
is exhausted than would have
been the case on the ideal day
of June 8, 1959.
Launching errors, the scien
tists explain, can be corrected
by small rockets installed in
the vehicle and fired on radio
command from the earth. But
such systems add to the pay-
load. Moreover, a corrective
thrust in the right direction
implies control over the orien
tation of the vehicle in space.
This can presently be achiev
ed by imparting a spin to the
vehicle at take-off. More pow
erful rockets, now in the off
ing, will extend the range ot
possible launching velocities.
But speed is no solution to the
problem of error. Burnout
velocities of double the minimum-energy
value actually
would multiply aiming and
approach problems 10-fold,
according to the specialists.
Ultimately, of course, still
more powerful rockets will
lift continuous p r o P ulsion
space vehicles free of the
earth s gravitational uu aim
the problem of interplanetary
navigation will become rela
tively easier, pending such de
velopment any successes
achieved must rely heavily on
the master of celestial me
chanics and on launching tech
nologists gifted in the una aris
of marksmanship.
Congress lor Youth
Planned in June
A Youth Congress for North
American Seventh-day Adven
tiits will be held June 21-25 in
Convention hall in Atlantic
City, N-J-, Mrs. Elmer Fjarli,
local Missionary Volunteer
leader, has announced.
Mori than 15.000 young
people from all states and pro
vinces In North America are
expeoted to attend the five
day conference. Of the 1,600
official delegates 58 will be
from the Oregon Conference
The official list of delegates
from this area will be released
soon by the youth director of
The slogan for the congress
the conferenca at Portland,
will bt "Spotlight on th
Bible," and th entire confer
ence will be known as "The
Festival of th Holy Scriptures"
Adenauer Rules Out
'Big Compromises1
At Summit Meeting
Washington IUPD - West
German Chancellor Konrad
Adenauer has ruled out any
"big compromises" on Berlin
at the forthcoming Summit
conference but held the door
open to minor concessions.
He also disclosed that Pres
ident Eisenhower has pledg
ed to him that the U. S. flag
will continue to fly over Ber
lin. Adenauer has asked if there
was some area for a Berlin
compromise with the Commu
nists. He replied, "one will
have to discuss, and then we
will see whether compromis
es will be possible. At any
rate there are no big com
promises possible."
He added that "the essence
of the status of Berlin must
not be affected."
Satisfied With Statement
He said he was well satis
fied with President Eisenhow
er's statements that the free
dom of West Berlin must be
preserved, West Berliners
must have the right to self
determination and basic U. S.
rights in the city must not be
altered.
"I can add to that he said
that the flag of the United
States will continue to fly
over Berlin," the chancellor
said.
In reply to a question, Ad
enouer said he had never ask
ed Eisenhower to pledge that
he would risk nuclear war
over Berlin. But he said he
is convinced no such war
could break out because Sov
iet premier Nikita Khrush
chev does not want war.
The Rev. Denny Davis, As
semblies of God evangelist,
will cqnduct a series of re
vival services at the Bethel
Assembly of God, J225 East
McAndrews rd. The first serv
ice will begin Tuesday at 7:30
a.m. Services will continue
nightly throughout the week,
except Saturday, All services
are open to the public,
Windstorm Solves
Millowner's Problem
Fort Payne, Ala.-The top
section of a large brick
smokestack at the hosiery mill
of V. I. Prewett Jr. needed
tearing down. But Prewett put
it off for several months.
One of the considerations
was the cost-$100. A wind-1
storm settled the matter by
toppling the chimney at th
desired height.
Is th pinch In your pockatbook I
gelling mora painful? Art soar, j
ing prices the inevitable cost of
national growth? Not at all! This t
Is the good news that comet front !
64 representatives of education,
business, labor and government
who met recently at the American
Assembly, They stated that we cod
enjoy the greater growth we need
Hilhnul sky-rocketing prices and
at the same time cut unemploy
ment to the minimum, Basic re
quirements are steadily rising prm
iuciivily, plus the close and con
slant cooperation of all Americans,
working for common goals.
Tn tin't afford eat to be
well-informed. Wiita teda
lot frta booklet, "Piieea,
booth and You", to mfl
can Anblr, Columbia Ual
milly.NioYoik 27.N.Y.
Pubiltid ai a publla ttfvlea
In cooperation with The Advarliilng
Council and. tha Nawtpanar
Advertiaing Kiaautrvaa AaaoalatrM.
PINCH
4 li
The critical Summit ques
tion, Adenauer said, is dis
armament. He said the big
four political leaders cannot
settle the disarmament prob
lem In a matter of days but
they can come out clearly
"in favor of disarmament so
as to allow the experts real
ly to make progress."
Other Paints
The chancellor made these
other points:
-West Germany will not ne
gotiate for military depots in
Spain without getting NATO
approval.
-The German people are
neither anti-Semitic nor na
tional Socialist. He said there
may be "one or the other old
fool running around in the
streets . , . but he is being
laughed at and I think that
is the best thing you can do
about it."
-Today's German youths
have a strong "European
spirit" comparable to that of
youths in other nations on
the continent, "they want to
earn without working hard
for it and they want to gel
entertainment on Saturday
and Sunday."
HIBS
(U)DU VdDDLDDQ
MAYONNAISE
Food Quart ) 7
CAPITOL MILK
ioc
SPRECKELS SUGAR
i: 39
STRAWBERRIES
Supermarket
lO-oi.
WE RESERVE THE
APPLESAUCE Air 71.00 PEAS r , 101.00
Boysenberries 41.00 Fruit Cocktail . 51.00
PEARS , 41.00 Pork & Beans T." 51.00
CATSUP . 61.00 Kidney Beans 71.00
Green Beans 81.00 Tomato Sauce1".":." 131.00
Medford'f Best
GROUND BEEF
Ground Froth Daily
49 3-$l38
LOCKER BEEF
Tht demand was to Qrtat wa ran ut
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Half Front V4 Hind V
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Cut-Wrapped t Quick Froien
F-REE OF CHARGE
19111111
POLIO PIONEER A nurse steadies the arm of "polio
pioneer" Gail Rosenthal, 8, as Dr. Jonas E. Salk injects
the Salk polio vaccine during the 1954 field trials conducted
in the Pittsburgh, Pa., region by the National Foundation.
Gail was one of the 1,830,000 children ages five to nine, with
the consent of their parents, who participated in the field
trials. Results of these field trials were described on April 12,
1955 in the Francis Report, which pronounced the vaccine
"safe", effective and potent. (UPI Telephoto)
71.00
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