Today & Tomorrow
By Walter Lippmann
ADENAUER IN
WASHINGTON
After his talks with the
President, Mr. Adenauer said
in a speech before the Na
tional Press
club that one
sent ence in
the of f i c i a 1
joint state
in e n t "con
tains the basis
for the West's
attitude t o
ward Khrush-
V a xr'e rf f-
IV alter ...
LiopmanD mands with
regard to Berlin and it is
therefore of decisive import
ance in the present situation."
Dr. Adenauer asked us to read
this sentence "most careful
ly." Whet does the sentence,
which is of such decisive im
portance, say? It says that the
President and the Chancellor
"agreed that the preservation
of the freedom of the people
of West Berlin, and their right
of self - determination, must
underlie any future agree
ment affecting the city." Any
future agreement. If that sen
tence is as important as Dr.
Adenauer says it is, the Presi
dent and he are agreed that
there may be a new settlement
in Berlin, which protects its
freedom and its right of self
determination. It means,
moreover, that they can im
agine an agreement on Berlin
made before the reunification
of Germany. It means, more
over, that they are not com
mitted to insisting that the
freedom and the right of self
determination of West Berlin
can be protected only by the
maintenance of the status quo.
IF THE spirit and the letter
of the Eisenhower-Adenauer
statement express the authen
tic considered view of the
Chancellor, then he has been
misrepresented in this coun
try by his most ardent sup
porters. They have been tell
ing us that there should be no
negotiations about West Ber
lin, that any future agreement
would be appeasement and a
surrender to the Soviet Union.
They have been insisting that
the fate of the free world de
pends upon revoking the
promise made at Camp David
to negotiate about Berlin.
They have, it appears now
from the official record, been
more royalist than the king,
more Adenauer than Aden
auer himself.
''hat happened, quite evi
dently, is that the Chancellor
failed to persuade the Presi
dent to revoke his pledge to
Negotiate and having failed, he
accepted the President's for
mula. This formula contains
the gist of the matter which
is that, provided it protects
the freedom of West Berlin,
we are prepared to explore
and consider and, if possible,
to negotiate the new settle
ment. This is all that the
British government and all
that the American critics of
Adenauer's rigidity, have ever
Vanted to do.
IHK President has refused
to tie his hands and he has
freserved intact his right to
Ifplore the. problem of the
Aiture of Berlin. Will this
mean that in admitting that
thxre is a problem of Berlin
nd that he is prepared to dis
cuss it with Khrushchev, he
is weakening the Western po
sition? It will look that way
to some. But on the whole, he
will not, I believe, weaken
the Western position and ra
ther he will reinsure it for the
future.
To be sure there will be
some Germans in West Berlin
and there will be people else
where who, having been
taught to believe that any dis
cussion of Berlin is appease
ment, will be worried and
frightened when Berlin is dis
cussed. That will be too bad
and they should be reassured.
But the real question at the
bottom of the argument is
whether Wie- Western position
in Berlin will grow stronger
if .we postpone a negotiation
or whether it will deteriorate.
Secause I am convinced
tht time is not on our side
in Vest Berlin, I believe we
should attempt now to nego
tiate a new settlement which
protects the freedom of West
Berlin. Mr. K. may refuse to
agree to such a settlement.
It would not surprise me at
all. But our diplomatic posi
tion in Europe and in the rest
of the world will be stronger
if we have attempted to make
it and if we have identified
ourselves with a genuine at
tempt to reach an accommo
dation in Berlin.
rpHERE are two main reasons
-- why I think the Western
position in Berlin will not
grow stronger. The first is
that Eastern Germany is play
ing an increasingly important
role in the upsurge of the
Communist economy. It is
significant, as Flora Lewis re
ported in "The New York
Times'' on Sunday, that the
migration from West Ger
many to East Germany is now
half as large as the migration
the other way. That reflects.
the rising economic levels -in
Eastern Germany.
The stronger the East Ger
many economy becomes, the
more difficult and the more
distant will be its integration
with Western Germany.
The second reason for wish
ing to see a serious negoti
ation about Berlin in the near
future is that it would be very
desirable that a political set
tlement should bear the im
print of Adenauer and de
Gaulle. What does the West
gain, what do Germany and
France gain, by putting off
serious negotiations until af
ter Adenauer and de Gaulle
have departed?
Does anyone know what
Germany will be like after
Adenauer? Does anyone know
what France will be like after
de Gaulle? It does not seem
to me wise and prudent to put
off into the indefinite future
the crucial problem of Ger
many. (c) 1960 New- York Herald
Tribune Inc.
Small Worlds
Around Us
By Lynn M. Watkins
National Head
Of Women's MOD
Work Visits Here
Miss Elaine Whitelaw, na
tional director of women's ac
tivities for the National Foun
dation, sponsors of the March
of Dimes, visited briefly in
Medford yesterday. Miss
Whitelaw is making a tour of
the nation, stopping at cities
which reported unusually suc
cessful Mothers'. March cam
paigns. The Mothers' March was
held on Jan. 28 and consisted
of a house-to-house canvass
for funds to fight polio, birth
defects and rheumatoid arthri
tis, as well as a "door count"
which complied statistics on
persons afflicted with the
three ailments.
Medford was one of four
cities in Oregon which Miss
Whitelaw visited. Others
were Portland, Salem and
Eugene. An increase in the
Mothers' March in Jackson
county from $2,300 in 1959 to
$6,001 this year prompted the
national directors interest in
visiting the area.
Questions Answered
Mrs. Vangie Brain, county
Mothers' March chairman, an
swered four questions which
Miss Whitelaw is asking on
her tour to aid in compiling
a new Mothers' March cam
paign guide. The questions
were, How was the campaign
organized? To what was your
increase in funds due? How
were volunteers obtained?
What were questions asked by
volunteers?
Others meeting with Miss
Whitelaw were Mrs. Herb
Colley, Medford March chair
man, Mrs. E. O. Graham,
Jacksonville chairman, and
Mrs. Harold Gilbert, Medford,
chairman of the Jackson
Puny Protector Was
No Match for Storm
i
It was a 'glorious, late-summer
day; the sun was warm
and bright. There was a hint
of fall in the air. The garden
spiders had cast their shim
mering webs from nearly
every flower stalk and weed.
Late-flying bees were gather
ing what nectar they could
from tardy blooms. The sum
mer was passing.
The homeowner looked out
across his garden and watch
ed the air-borne dragonflies
as they zig-zagged for mos
quitoes. As he watched, two
gauzy ,winged tiger swallow
tailed butterflies came flutter
ing into the yard. One was
flying a few inches above the
other; the lower one was ob
viously leading the way, the
other adjusting its flight to
correspond.
It was apparent the "pair
ing up" was being carried out
for the purpose of protection.
The one flying high was evi
dently a male. Wherever the
female flew, the other was
always hovering a few inches
away. He was ever ready to
render aid or repel any or all
enemies.
Flew at Stick
The man held a slender
stick toward the pair, the male
flew at the stick in puny rage.
The female paid no attention,
but continued to sip nectar
from the late flowers. Think
ing he had won the conflict
with the stick, the male hov
ered again in the female's
vicinity; the man withdrew
the stick. ,
A bird swooped down,
changed its course at the last
minute and sailed away, miss
ing the two butterflies by a
scant two inches. Once again
the male seemed to take all
the credit for saving his mate.
He was her knight in spark
ling gossamer; her protector
and constant guardian. If a
sudden guest of wind sprang
up, he was affected by it be
fore she was for he was a lit
tle higher in the air. By his
actions she seemed to know
what to do, for at times like
this she settled lower among
the flowers and thereby
escaped the sudden gusts.
It seemed so futile, the pro
tection he so willingly offer
ed, for he would be powerless
against even the lesser of the
enemies. There were agenties
of a hundred types that seem
ed eager to destroy them.
Storm Brews
Suddenly a heavy mass of
cumulous clouds rolled up
overhead. The butterflies did
I not appear to notice the gath-
i ering storm, for the sun still
shone and the willing flowers
were still holding their color
ful heads and faces up for the
touch of the delicate butterfly
tongues.
With the suddenness of an
opened floodgate, the rain fell
in pouring torrents. It beat
down the flowers and drove
the two butterflies into the
sodden ground. The frail
wings were quickly tattered
and torn; they became mere
shreds in the downpour. Pro
tector and protected had no
chance against the shattering
impact of water.
Little rivulets formed as the
water eddied in its mad haste
to find its own level. To the
helpless butterflies it was a
raging torrent; they whirled
j away together on its tiny
crest, like two autumn leaves
on a river of no return.
Ailing Sgt. York Fighls Illness, Federal Claims
Pall Mall, Term. -UPD-The
! red-haired . giant " from the
Tennessee hills fought with
1 his conscience on a mountain
j top before he could convince
'. himself that duty to, his coun
i try outweighed his convic
i tions.
i Alvin C. York, then'' 29
years old, prayed almost all
night on the mountain. Then
on a November day in 1917
he walked out of the hills and
enlisted in the U. S. Army.
A rifle had been his constant
companion since boyhood,
but he didn't hold with kill
ing another human.
A year later Ar
gonne Forest of France, he
wiped out a German machine
gun battalion by killing 25
German soldiers and captur
ing 132. The late Gen. John
J. Pershing called him '"the
greatest civilian soldier of the
war."
Now Bedridden
Sgt. York, now 72, bedrid
den by years of illness, fight
ing a huge income tax claim
from the federal government,
hard-pressed to make ends
meet, is asking the govern
ment he served "to give him a
Social Security pension. His
present- income is a S60
monthly disability pension
and $10 monthly as a Medal
of Honor winner.
York was hailed as the na
tion's greatest hero on his re
turn from the war but he
steadfastly refused to sign
sheafs of contracts that were
offered. He finally agreed to
a movie version of his life
in 1941 in the belief it would
be a "public service" with
World War II approaching.
That movie caused a lot of
his trouble. In 1950 the gov
ernment filed a tax claim
against him alleging he owes
MAIL TRIBUNE, Medford, Or. 7
Thursday, March 24, 1960 A
S85.442 for an estimated
$150,000 he received from the
motion picture. The case has
been repeatedly delayed, and
I York says all the money went
tor medical bills.
Suffers Many Ailments
Since 1942 he has been
stricken with lobar pneu
monia, heart trouble, high
blood pressure, a hemorrhage
in his right eye and a stroke
that left him almost par
alyzed. He has been confined
to his bed since the stroke
six years ago, and the gigantic
6-feet-2, 270-pound physiqu
has wasted away.
county chapter of the Na
tional Foundation.
Miss Whitelaw was accomp
anied by Mrs. Dee Burdick,
Portland, state chairman of
women's activities, and Wal
ker Larsen, Portland, state
representative for the Nation
al Foundation.
Above alL. its light:
I
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