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6-IF-obt ' -Floating Laberaton; to Help ODnairt Oooaon
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$250,000 Vessel
Being Built With
Research Grants
(Editor's note: This is an
other in a series of articles
on the research and public
service projects being car
ried on b the state's col
leges and university. The
articles are being written
by Mrs. Wilma Morrison,
longtime reporter of Ore
gon education.)
r By WILMA MORRISON
; The old gag about yachts -that
if you have to ask what
it costs to operate one, you
can't afford it - holds for the
research vessel soon to be
built for Oregon State col
leges' new oceanography de
partment. When this 80-foot floating
laboratory the first to oper
ate full-time off Oregon's
coast starts making its ex
ploratory runs, probing coast
al waters up to 300 miles off
shore, its operational cost will
be $500 every day it is out.
The $250,000 vessel, which,
it is hoped, will be built be
fore the end of the year, is
being added to the develop-
TEMPERATURE. DEPTH - Here an OSC Nansen bottle hasn't been improved upon
oceanography student takes temperature and 3ince it was invented in 1896 by famed po-
depth readings from Nansen bottles that lar explorer, Fryoff Nansen.
The
have been lowered to precise depths.
mental services of the state Research in the
through a major investment
of the U.S. Office of Naval
: : GRANVILLE ::fk
COLLECTION TRIP - WhUe waiting for the 80-foot re
search vessel which U.S. Naval Research funds will provide
for Oregon state's new oceanography department, staff and
itudents make data collecting trips out of Yaquina bay on
this 45-foot fishing vessel. Here a plankton net is being
lowered to get count of microscopic animal and plant life
on which larger forms of marine life depend. -
educational
resources of OSC.
The Naval research agency
provided an initial grant of
$319,500 to pay for the boat
and current operational ex
pense. Another federal invest
ment, $50,000 from the Na
tional. Science Foundation,
will pay for the oceanogra-
phic equipment on the vessel.
Presence of Expert
Like many of the research
and teaching projects that
have brought federal and
foundation money to Oregon's
higher education schools, this
i A i - - !
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I 4" f jX'Xm S I'M
TAKE SAMPLES - A bottom snapper, device that bites in
to bottom sediment and brings up samples for analysis of
ocean floor, is lowered by oceanography student from con
verted fishing craft off Yaquina bay. An 80-foot research
vessel to be built this year for the OSC oceanography de-
partment will be research source for geologists, biologists,
health and fishery people. -
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COUNTERFEIT REBEL
Greensboro, N.C.-(DPD-Don-ald
Ruth was indicted by a
federal grand jury Monday
on charges of trying to sell
counterfeit Confederate mon
ey through the mails. The
grand jury said Ruth adver
tised it as the real thing.
FORMER MAYOR DIES
Atlanta - (DPB - Hogan Yan
cey, 78, former mayor of Lex
ington. Ky died here Mon
First in Series
Of Police Classes
Slated Wednesday
The first in a series of six
police training classes will be
held in Medford Wednesday,
March 9, according to Med
ford Chief of Police Charles
P. Champlin, . who is in
charge of, local arrangements.
The police training courses
will be held twice weekly in
15 Oregon cities. Champlin
said the purpose of the school
is to provide city and county
police officers with training
in advanced police subjects.
Every city and county is
invited to send officers to the
nearest schools, which will be
held in Coos Bay, Roseburg,
Klamath Falls, Baker, On
tario, Bend, Eugene, Albany,
Salem, McMinnville, Astoria,
Oregon City, The Dalles and
Pendleton, besides Medford
Instructors for the schools
include agents of the FBI, of:
ficers from the Oregon state
police and the police depart
ments of Portland, Salem, Eu
gene and Albany.
Once in Each City '
Each of the six classes will
be presented once . in each
city with the exception of Eu
gene and Salem, where class
es will be repeated to accom
modate the large attendance,
according to Champlin.
Sponsors of the annual
schools are the Oregon As
sociation of City Police Of
ficers and the Oregon State
Sheriffs association, in coop
eration with the FBI, the Ore
gon state police, League of
Oregon Cities and the bureau
of municipal research at the
University of Oregon.
The schedule for the Med
ford school and the instruc
tors assigned are, March 9,
field surveillances and inter
rogation, Lt. Jack Strudgeon,
Portland; . March 14, police
ethics, Sgt. Richard Bouey,
Oregon state police; March
16, accident prevention tech
niques, Capt. Leland D. Weav
er, Salem; March 21, informa
tion sources and uses, Capt.
Robert M. Burkhart, Albany;
March 23, crime scene evi
dence checks, larceny and
homicide, Max E. Taylor,
FBI; March 28, one-man car
patrol, Sgt Dale Allen, Eugene.
Americans Eating
Too Fast, To Much
Los Angeles-UPD-The head
of the National Restaurant As
sociation says Americans eat
too fast and too much.
Raymond C. Matson, of
Omaha, Neb., said Monday
Americans' have a tendency to
bolt their meals and stuff
themselves, when they should
leave the' table a little hun
gry to be completely satis
fied. "This only indicates a lack
of food appreciation - in a
country where $18 billion a
year is spent on just eating
out,'' said Matson, who is here
for the . Southern : California
Restaurant Association meeting.
(Knackstedt photo)
one came to Oregon State be
cause of the presence there of
a recognized expert in the
field.
The man back of the ocean
ography department and the
research vessel is Dr. Wayne
V. Burt, who came to the
college six years ago, bring
ing an Office of Naval Re
search grant with him.
Getting the money for the
vessel and the research work
of his department is for Dr.
Burt the fulfillment of seven
years of hard work toward
just this goal. He had focus
ed on this long before he
came to OSC, was working to
ward it during his earlier
years with the Office of Nav
al Research and the Ocean
ography - Institute at '. Johns
Hopkins.
What does an oceanogra
pher do? What is so impor
tant a prospect to come from
an oceanographic research
and teaching - enterprise in
Oregon that the Navy and
science branches of the gov
ernment will invest " substan
tially in it?
First Graduates
Like many another science
research area, oceanography
got its great push out of
World War IL Dr. Burt said
the crisis discovery that "we
knew' very little about the
oceans." The first oceanogra
phy class to be graduated in
the nation-15 men of whom
Dr. Burt was one-came out
of Scripps Institute of Ocean
ography at La Jolla, Califor
nia, in 1948. The field is still
not loaded. Where there were
less than 50 oceanographers
in the country in World War
II, there are about 500 to
day. .
Oregon has been some
thing of a blank spot on the
oceanographic charts of the
west coast. University of
Washington cruises the Ore
gon coast gathering data
sometimes in the summer as
does the Scripps Institute, but
that is all: winter records are
lacking.
An ocean is not a homogen
ous, uniform mass, Dr. Burt
explained. It is a stratified
body, layered like a deck of
playing cards with water of
differing temperature and sal
inity. Deep circulation cur
rents wind through the sea,
pulsed by unknown combina
tions of forces. It is the job of
the oceanographer to meas
ure and estimate the effect of
these oceanic movements on
the earth's climate and on
marine life.
Keep Monthly Records
One continuing job of Dr.
Burt's staff and students will
be keeping monthly records
of the varied temperature
and salinity of waters off
Oregon's coast. Salt is the de
scriptive tag of ocean wa
ter. If you know the temper
ature and the salt content ov
er an area you can estimate
the currents. Also the water
density can be told, and from
the water density the chang
es in water elevation.
One major piece of equip
ment on the research vessel
tells something of what kind
of knowledge is expected. A
winch and a high boom car
rying 18,000 feet (over three
miles) of steel cable will per
mit scraping the bottom for
biological and g e o 1 ogical
studies of marine life and
bottom sedimentation. Or,
with this boom, light trawls
may be hauled through the
water at any depth to pick
up sea life. Coring devices
may be let down to bring up
samples of sedimentation lay
ers on the ocean's floor.
Fine meshed plankton nets
(a five-foot one costs about
$50) will tell the density of
these almost microscopic
plant and animal forms on
which all other sea life de
pends. Plankton Authority
Dr. H. D. Frolander is the
plankton authority on the
OSC oceanography staff. Con
tradicting the popular idea
that plankton fills the ocean
as thick as mustard in an
abandoned farm field, he
said, one-half part of plank
ton" per million parts of wa
ter is a lush crop on the Ore
gon coast. Three parts per
million is a record high on
the east coast.
Establishment of the ocean
ography department will give
other educational depart-
.. ! 1!
LOWERS BOTTLE - Bruce Hyatt, instructor in new OSC
oceanography department, lowers a Nansen bottle, ingen
ious device for taking water samples and temperatures at
precise ocean depths. Salt is descriptive tag of water. When
salt content and temperatures are known, currents and
water elevations may be predicted. -
Bob Rucker
Counsellor
OREGON FUNERAL PLAN
, Th Only
FUNERAL PLAN
Sponsored by Oregon Funeral Directors Ass'n
25 Quince... SP 2-9210
ments and agencies a chance
for a great variety of , proj
ects tied in with the re
search vessel - the geologists
who are interested in the
ocean floor as well as water
content; the fishery experts;
the public health people who
have the major problem of
water pollution, and the biol
ogists and their study of mar
ine life.
The state's . investment in
the new oceanography depart
ment and the research vessel
is only in the payment of
teaching staff. This year there
are three teachers and next
fall Dr. Burt hopes to have
seven, including a woman,
one of the few women in the
world who hold doctorates in
oceanography.
Worked Estuaries
During his first four years
at OSC Dr., Burt worked all
Oregon's estuaries. On these
he is ready to" answer ques
tions, particularly on water
pollution. His "Catalogue of
Oregon Estuarine Waters" is
now being printed for the
state fish commission.
In past two years, he and
his staff and students have
made regular short-distance
data-collecting trips along the
coast, using fishing boats.
However, he is not about to
offer any findings on Ore
gon's offshore waters now.
"The public always thinks
we know more than we do,"
he said. "If you know a lit
tle it is easy to talk glibly. In
this business the more you
know, the more you realize
there is to learn . . . it's as
MAIL TRIBUNE, Medford, Or. 10
Tuesday, March 8, 1960 1J
though someone looked at the
climate for one week and
tried to explain it all."
He referred again to the
unknown layers and move
ments' that make up the
ocean and said, "It isn't un
til . you have examined a
whole lot of water a large
number of times that you can
begin to talk about what is
happening in this stack of
cards."
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