Heart4.ung ''Machine, Opeei IHIeart Surgery Illustrate' Ireat Changes
Antibiotics Are
Responsible for
Division Changes
(Editor's note: This is the
first in a series of articles
on the research and publie
service projects being car
ried on by the state's col
leges and university. The
articles are written for the
state system of higher edu
cation by Mrs. Wilma Mor
rison, longtime reporter of
Oregon education.)
By MRS. WILMA MORRISON
"Who would have thought
the open heart operation
would create so many prob
lems? Once the children with
congenital hearts died. Now
they live, and we must teach
... how to look for these
heart-crippled kids. What
learned in medical school has
all been changed . . ."
Dr. Richard L. Sleeter, di
rector of the state crippled
children's division at the Uni
versity of Oregon medical
school, was using the widely
publicized heart-lung machine
and the open heart surgery
techniques developed at the
medical school to illustrate
the great changes that have
taken place in the children's
division.
Most responsible for the
changes-in kinds of patients
and in the whole focus and
method at the division-are
the sulpha drugs and antibi
otics which, since about 1940,
have controlled bacterial dis
eases.
Nowhere are the unantici-
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CONFERENCE As the Crippled Children's
division's focus has changed to the con
genitally damaged, the "team approach"
has become basic. This is the weekly heart
pated side effects of the new
drugs more dramatically
shown than at the children's
clinic building on Marquam
hill. Once, the cases referred
there were largely orthopedic.
They were children who had
had polio, bone tuberculosis
or other bone malformations.
Now, with polio and TB on
the wane, scurvey and rickets
all but disappeared, and with
the new drugs bringing longer
life to the congenitally crip
pled, the orthopedic is only
one of five major programs
carried on by the division,
The other division pro
grams all deal with congenital
abnormalities-cerebral palsy,
congenital hearts, premature
babies, and the dental-plastic-
speech children, the majority
of them cleft lip and palate
cases.
Before the new drugs, many
of the babies born with se
vere malformations, includ
ing the severely retarded,
died of minor infections. So
vulnerable were these handi-
apped ones that even the
common cold for tnem was
often fatal. Now many more
of them live. The new prob
lem, the new challenge, that
has grown out of the victory
ovet bacteria, lies in helping
these children conquer or live
with their crippling handi
caps. Laboratory Research
As challenging to the crip
pled children's staff as its job
of helping these youngsters, is
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STARTS EXAMS Jeanne Robison of Corvallis starts sol
emnly on her day-long series of examinations by doctors,
therapists and technicians at the Crippled Children's center
at the medical school. Congenital defects such as Jeanne's
murmuring heart, and the multiple aspects of cerebro palsy,
have become almost the full case load of the division.
the clinical and laboratory
research in which they are in
volved, on causes of congeni
tal defects.
"We now see . a tide of
youngsters who are approxi
mately 17, who are approach
ing adulthood, but with their
handicaps," Dr. Sleeter said.
"Modern medicine has not
had too much experience with
these as young adults because
we did not have the numbers
of them before the antibiotic
era."
Since 1940, there has been
a zo per cent decrease in the
death rate of premature ba
bies. This development alone
has created a new preventive
and research area in which
the crippled children's divi
sion is active.
As more premature babies
survive it becomes increas
ingly evident that this group
has a much higher potential
for congenital malformation
and disease than full-time ba
bies. One-half of the addition
al 25 per cent of prematures
who now survive, surveys
show, will have one or more
crippling handicaps.
Distinctive Procedures
The fact that there are more
severely handicapped children
surviving now, and that the
clinic staff believes they con
stitute the greatest need, as
well as being a vital research
source for medical advance,
accounts for some of the dis
tinctive procedures followed
by the division.
One of these is the team ap
proach. In each of the five
clinic services, diagnoses and
treatment recommendations
are the result of examination
and consultation of profession
als in several areas. Besides
the various medical and den
tal specialists who take part
in the cerebral palsy, congen
ital heart, orthopedic, dental-
57AH
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Exclusively at
WESTERN THRIFT
clinic, the pool of specialists who consoli
date their examination findings on Jeanne
and others, to arrive at a diagnosis and
program of treatment-
plastic-speech, and premature
clinics, there are physical and
speech therapists, psycholo
gist, medical-social worker,
and in many cases a public
health nurse.
There are only two medical
doctors who are on the full
time clinic staff, Dr. Sleeter
and Dr. Victor Menashe. But
Pickin' Pears
By WALTER TOWNSEND
The dance Monday night
in the station theater, spon
sored by VFW auxiliary,
drew an unusually large at
tendance. Music was furnish
ed by Doyle Smith and his
Music Makers.
Refreshments were provid
ed by Lelia Birch, depart
ment hospital chairman, for
VFW.
Seen at the dance
"Cowboy" Tex Hatcher,
merly of Camp White,
was
who has now returned.
Recently he lost an eye,
working as assistant foreman,
on the "25 Ranch," Battle
Mountain, Nev. Tex was gone
for over two years, and is
remembered by many people
as a rodeo entertainer and
trick rider in the silent
movies.
He was once with Tom Mix
and Hoot Gibson; for several
years was with the Miller
Brothers "101 Ranch," and
traveled over the world with
that show.
Tex, now 64, has all his
life, been where things went
on, and lived a life of ad
venture. He. is an elegant
ballroom dancer, and since
returning to the station, is
often seen enjoying himself
at the Monday night dances.
He scorns to wear a patch
over his lost eye. "That's too
obvious," he said.
Wednesday, Sydney Cordi
ner returned from a two
months stay in Vancouver
hospital, and the members
were pleased to see him busy
again in the. library.
Recreation Specialist Mrs.
Jessalee Malleliou, Oregon
State college, Corvallis, will
show slides on Korea Tuesday
afternoon, March 1, in the
Green Room.
Candles were lighted on a
EXPLAINS 'WORK-UP' Jeanne's parents,
Mr. and Mrs. Keith Robison, never take
their eyes off Dr. Herbert Griswold as he
explains, with aid of a heart model, the
staffs "work-up" (diagnosis and recom
there are 140 private doctors
and dentists and doctors from
the medical and dental school
staffs who act as consultants.
There are private practice
consultants scattered through
out the state.
Division Since 1917
Oregon has had a crippled
children's division since 1917
but not many know that it's
establishment, virtually as a
department of the University
of Oregon medical school
makes it a rare kind of oper
ation among the 52 other
state and territorial crippled
children's divisions. Only
three others, Missouri, Iowa
and Illinois, are associated
with universities. None of
these is operating directly
under a medical school.
It is the crippled children's
division's position as an ad
junct of the medical school
which gives Oregon a three
way profit from the $600,000
a year that the budget has
been costing in state funds.
Here, in addition to caring
for the state's severely crip
pled children, the clinic is a
training ground for medical
students and a source of re
search material and of gifts
and grants that make for fu
ture medical advances.
It was the crippled chil
dren's division's functioning
as part of the medical school
that brought the federal
grants that paid for the heart
laboratory and its develop
ment of open heart surgery.
"One of the criticisms par
ents sometimes make," Dr.
Sleeter said, "Is that doctors
don't understand or care
about the severely handi
capped child. We believe one
of the reasons for this is that
the young doctor doesn't have
News and Notes
From Camp White
very special cake February
17, when Oliver P. Longfel
low, celebrated his 90th birth
day. The nurses of the station
provided this treat, which
Miss Mayme Barrett, assist
ant chief nurse, baked and
presented.
Longfellow invited friends
to share his gift and party
which was held in the solari
ara of Section 5.
Among those congratulat
ing him, and extending best
wishes were Henry C. Herzog,
manager; Banks I. Paul, as
sistant manager; R. W. De
Shazer, section leader; E. W.
Dietz, assistant leader; and C.
D. Moody, member aide.
Among those who argan
ized the Writer's club in the
spring of 1954, was Phillip
Goss, a former editor of the
Dominews. Tuesday, Goss
came to the Writer's club and
told of his adventures in Mexi
co, a country he visited in
many times, in the past few
years.
Editor Goss spoke of eco
nomics of living in the re
mote regions. In towns of 35,-
000, or less, he found aver
age first class hotel rates to
be 80 cents a day; ham and
eggs, cereal, coffee, could be
had for 80 cents.
His chief problem was be
PAINT WITH
an opportunity to study these
problems. And one of the
reasons he doesn't can be an
organization such as the crip
pled children's division. If it
is not closely tied with a med
ical school it can stand in the
way of the student and interne
getting experience with these
unusual cases."
Develops Interest
As he watched through a
one-way window, a senior
student taking the history of
a cerebral palsy patient from
an anxious mother, the direc
tor said, "We have found that
by making a senior responsi
ble for the initial contact with
the child and his family, he
develops an entirely different
and much greater interest
than if the patient had been in
the clinic many times and the
student had been involved
only as an observer."
'As the sutdent was over
heard telling the mother that
he could give no opinion
about her little boy and that
she would be given on the
following day 'the opinion of
a team of specialists, the clin
ic head said, "This is some
thing we feel strongly about.
It is common for a senior stu
dent or an interne to give an
opinion. You see, this one has
already gotten the idea that
there is far too much to these
crippling cases for one man
to give an immediate answer."
In Oregon the crippled chil
dren's division is among many
far-reaching public services
which show up at biennial
budget time under the state
system of higher education's
general category of "statewide
services." About one-fourth of
its total support since 1935
has come from the federal
ing unable to speak the lan
guage, he said.
In Mexico City, good hotel
rooms were $1.25 a day; ham
and eggs, though, costs only
75 cents. No potatoes, unless
they are asked for. Hotel men,
taxi men in Mexico, cooperate
with one another, often to i
the v i s i t o r's disadvantage,
Goss told his listeners. Bus :
travel is in three classif ica- i
tions, first, second, and third, j
In one town of 10,000, he j
found a very good hotel of '
medium price, catering to I
tourist, 80 cents a night, and !
in the cafe, 50 cents a day ;
for Mexican food. No Ameri-;
can food available at medium ;
prices. Mexican cigarettes ,
were 3 cents to 10 cents a ;
pack. Shoes, hand made, were j
SL50 a pair; sandals, 50 cents '
to $1.25 a pair.
All beds in the hotels he !
saw, had clean, white sheets. I
Covers consisted of one blan-1
ket and a spread, flashy and j
colorful. Water at fountains'
was good. He said all milk i
had to be boiled.
Yet to his surprise, whenj
he returned to the border, i
after six months, he had spent '
only $285. On that sum he '
lived, and traveled, and did
things, enjoyed movies and
other entertainment, and said :
$40 a month, was adequate
for a full life. i
OLD-TIMER
Braintree, Mass. -(DPB-"Mit-tens,"
pet cat of Mr. and Mrs. .
E. Theodore Nokes, is 21 years
old, equivalent to 147 years
in a human.
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mendations) for 6-year-old daughter, Jeanne.
Also working with the parents is Mrs.
Gladys Bell, medical social consultant for
the heart clinic, through which 97 children
have had open heart surgery in past year.
children's bureau through the
Social Security administra
tion. From All Counties
A breakdown of the about
2,800 children who are diag
nosed or diagnosed and treat
ed each year through the di
vision shows that they come
from all counties.
Besides its close association
with the medical school, Ore
gon's crippled children's di
vision is distinctive in at least
two other ways. First, in lim
iting its attention to the long
term severely crippling dis
eases rather than taking more
of a charity role that would
include tonsillectomies and
other minor treatments.' Sec
ond, in the division staff's ag
gressive inclusion of private
doctors in both the diagnosis
and follow-up treatment of the
majority of patients.
On neither of these policies
does Oregon's crippled chil
dren's center have the unani
mous approval of all social
welfare agencies or of all
medical men.
(Second article will be:
"One foot in the operating
room and one in the lab,"
The story back of open
heart surgery.)
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ALL FOOD CLERKS!
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Medford Hotel
9:15 P.M.
GUEST SPEAKERS WILL DISCUSS:
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Funeral Director
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