Divided Europe Brings Dilemmas;
Local Dairies Win
In Stale Contest
Corvallis - Two -Medford
' dairies took honors during
Oregon's annual butter,
cheese, ice cream and fluid
milk products contests last
week at Oregon State college
Jorgensen's Dairy Products.
Medford, represented by Her
man Duncan, was noted as
having the best vanilla ice
cream entry. The local dairy
also received gold' medal dip
lomas in the homogenized
milk division, and in the half
and half division. Peter Tighe
represented the dairy in both
divisions. "
David Nelson received gold
medal diplomas for Snider's
dairy, Medford, in theJiomo
genized milk and half and half
divisions.
Eugene, Tillamook, Klam
ath Falls, Portland and As
toria firms shared top honors,
Announcement of winners
came at the end of the 49th
convention of, Oregon Dairy
Industries.
Darigold Farms, Eugene,
repeated as butter champion
Tillamook Cheese association,
Tillamook, Ore., was sweep
stakes winner in cheddar
cheese. Klamath Falls Cream
ery was sweepstakes winner
in the ice cream division with
the top entry of strawberry
ice cream. Sunshine Dairy,
Portland, was first in the cot
tage cheese division. Sweep
stakes honors in the fluid
milk products division went
to Darigold Farms, Astoria.
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Logging Session
Speaker Calls for
More Conservation
By JOE COWLEY
Mail Tribune. Staff Writer
The theme of the Sierra
Cascade Logging conference in
Redding, Calif. "bugs, burns
and baloney" was elaborat
ed on by the keynote speaker
as the three-day conference
opened Thursday morning at
the fairgrounds nt Anderson
near Redding, Calif.
Walter Reed, chief forester
for Collins Pine company,
Chester, Calif., told " of the
vast damage to timberlands
through forest fires and bugs.
He indicated that single use
of forest lands as demanded
by many conservationists is
so much baloney.
"Bugs destroyed more Cali
fornia timber from 1949 to
1959 than all the sales, during
that period in the state's na
tional forests," Reed said. "Of
this 113 billion board feet
destroyed by bugs per year, I
hope some of it was salvaged.
This compares to the allow
able timber cut in California
each year of 1V4 billion board
feet. We are inclined to take
this bug problem too lightly."
Demand Switches
Considering last year's
fire loss in California forests,
we should get up on our hind
feet and holler," Reed ex
claimed. "We should demand
that Pacific Gas and Electric
company which has - power
poles in California timber
lands and all. electric compa
nies put throw out switches
on every power line running
through forested areas. Nine
teen of the 50 forest fires in
the four county area near
Placerville last season were
caused by damaged power
power lines.
The forester Insisted that
logging operators should de
mand . early salvage of tim
ber . on burned over lands
since the destructive insects
tended to move into the burns
and cause additional damage.
"We should plan and exe
cute a gigantic log salvage
program," the forester empha
sized. "We now have the tim
ber access roads and the con
struction equipment to im
prove and construct such
roads. We have a mobile, ag
gressive and diversified in
dustry which should combine
in an all out effort with the
Phone SP
full cooperation of various
government agencies to get
the job done. If we have to
we -should sack normal oper
ating procedures."
Outstanding Job
The forester noted that the
forest service was already do
ing an outstanding job in sal
vaging ' timber in California
forests. The logs must be harv
ested before the bugs leave
the trees, Reed added. The
dry fall made the trees even
more susceptible to bug dam
age. Lumber interests should
conduct a crusade against
single use management of
timber lands, the California
forester declared. The indus
try should insist that timber
areas be fully developed and
reaffirm the principle of mul
ti-use timber land mangement
for growing timber, water,
recreation and wildlife.
. Approximately lVfc million
acres of forest and farm areas
are removed in the United
States each year for parks,
game management, highways,
utilities and water resources
development, Reed noted.
"After listening to the hear
ings on the proposed wilder
ness area bill I am convinced
that the so-called converva
tionists do not actually know
what they are seeking," the
Californian said. 'These hear
ings revealed that some of
the people really were only
seeking roadside recreation
areas." '
Destror Freedom
"Yet, these people are men
of high integrity, professional
men, farmers, businessmen,"
the forester noted. "In seek
ing setting aside of these for
est lands they are destroying
the very freedoms which they
claim to be seeking." .
Logging operators and lum
bermen from Washington,
Oregon and California! and
including Jackson county op
erators, attended the confer
ence. Approximately $3 million
in logging equipment was on
display at the three exhibit
buildings at the fairgrounds.
The conference started of
ficially Thursday morning
with George Fleharty, Red
ding mayor, welcoming the
group
A series of talks was sched-
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Lighting, Wiring
Talked by Groups
La test lighting develop
ments and wiring standards
were discussed at a meeting
of more than 75 local elec
tricians and building con
tractors during a joint session
of the Electric Club of South
ern Oregon and the California
Oregon Power company at
the Jackson, hotel Friday
night. '
Copco sponsored the pro
gram. Keynote speaker was
Frank Rush, Copco's, home
wiring expert, who described
some new lighting , fixtures
being built Into modern homes
and talked about adequate
wiring.
'The average home now has
over '30 appliances and uses
more than seven . times the
electricity it was consuming
10 years ago," Rush pointed
out. "Electrical usage in the
Copco service area is over 2Yz
times the national average.
Four of five homes, including
new ones are inadequately
wired, in view of the greater
power use." '
Minimum national wiring
standards for FHA loan re
quirements are set far too low
for modern electric living,
home builders and electric
ians brought out In discus
sion. Clarence L. Weaver, secretary-treasurer
of the Cal-Ore
Electrical League, discussed
the league's growth and ac
tivities over the . past 13
months.
Ben Graham, nresident of
the Electric Club of Southern
Oregon and meeting chair
man, closed with a brief talk
encouraging more such meet
ings, aiming at proper home
electrification.
Central Point Youth .
Is Practice Teacher
McMinnville Harvey
Tonn, son of Mr. and Mrs.
Harry Tonn, Central Point, is
practice t e a c h ing physical
education at Sheridan High
school, Sheridan, Ore.,' Lin
field college officials have re
ported. ,.
Tonn is one of the Linfield
college students acting as
student teachers at many of
the Yamhill county schools. ,
uled on control and . salvage
logging, new equipment ' de
velopments, and new methods
and procedures in organizing
logging operations. ; .
50
5-529 T, Ashland
'Cockpit' of Cold
War Chief Factor
In East-West War
(Editor's note: This is an
other in a series of articles
in which Great Decisions
... 1960 subjects are dis
cussed. The article was
prepared by the Foreign
Policy association, incorpo
rated. New York, in con
junction with the Great De
cisions discussion groups
throughout the country. To
day's article deals with
dilemmas caused by a di
vided Europe.)
Europe is both the "cock
pit" of the world-wide cold
war, and the chief factor in
the East-West power balance.
It is the cockpit of the con
test because so many of the
critical issues of the cold war
are European issues-the divi
sion of Berlin into communist
and free zones, the division
of Germany into communist
and democratic states, the di
vision of Europe itself into
satellite eastern ' and inde
pendent western nations.
The major military con
frontation in the world is the
lineup . of communist and
NATO troops in central Eu
rope. Disarmament talks and
proposals for "disengage
ment" are attempts to avert,
in part, dangers implicit in
this hostile military build-up
in Europe.
Critical Factor -
Europe is also a critical
factor in the world-wide pow
er balance for the simple rea
son that whichever side con
trols all Europe, would auto
matically have a significant
advantage in economic, mili
tary and strategic power.
In 1957, for example, the
total production of goods and
services in the United States,
Canada and Western Europe
amounted to $869,000,000,000
while all the communist na
tions in the world produced
only $286,000,000,000 in
goods and services. Had West
ern Europe been counted in
the communist column, how
ever, the balance would have
read $472,000,000,000 for the
West and $683,000,000,000
for communism. ;
For all these reasons, ex
perts agree, the North Atlan
tic alliance of the U.S., Can
ada and Western Europe is in
essential foundation stone in
U.S. foreign policy. The dip
lomatic unity of the Western
Allies, and their close coop
eration on military, economic
and. political matters, can be
decisive.
Yet, as the "Big Four"
head for the summit meeting
next May, they have serious
differences which will direct
ly or indirectly affect the Al
lied position at the East-West
negotiations.
Stumbling Blocks
The principal stumbling
blocks to allied unity are mil
itary, diplomatic and eco
nomic. Only in the economic
area has significant progress
been made recently.
On the military front, the
issues are particularly com
plex. The armed forces of the
NATO command have yet to
be brought up to full strength.
About 400,000 French troops,
nominally committed to the
NATO, have been drained off
to Algeria to fight the nation
alist rebellion.
France is resisting the "uni
fied command" principle of
NATO, and insists on retain
ing control over its own
forces, except air warning
forces. Furthermore, France
has refused to allow U.S. nu
clear installations on French
territory unless France is
given a say in the use of nu
clear weapons an arrange
ment prohibited by U.S. law.
. Meanwhile France is speed
ing its own plans to become
the world's fourth nuclear
power, an ambition which in
spires mixed reactions in oth
er Allied capitals.
Political Front
- On the political front, the
policies of the Western Allies
are also at odds. France and
West Germany have general
ly taken a "harder" line of
negotiations with- the Soviet
Union. Neither- country was
anxious for a summit meet
ing. Both argue "for Allied
firmness on the future status
of West Berlin, as has the
U.S., though Washington has
favored top level talks with
Russia on West Berlin and
other issues.
Britain, on the other hand,
has pressed most energetical
ly for a summit conference
and for an "accommodation"
with the Soviet Union on the
West Berlin question.
The political differences
have even wider implications.
The cornerstone of West Ger
man policy is Big Four re
sponsibility to reunite the
German nation through free
elections. France and the U.S.
support this objective, but
British diplomacy seems to j
Discussed in Decisions Topic
suggest that this goal is un
realistic.
Similarly. France is at odds
with its allies over its Alge
rian policy. After more than
five years of civil war in this
North African resion. France
has offered to negotiate a
cease fire with the rebels and,
after a four-year interval, to
allow the Algerians to deter
mine their future status by
ballot.
Issue Not Settled
The issue is hv no means
settled, however. French
rightists in Algeria have
strongly resisted self-determination
for the 90 per cent of
the population which is Mus
lim. Algerian nationalists
have yet to accept the terms
for the cease fire.
The Afro-Asian bloc of na-
tions sympathizes strongly
with the Algerian national
ists. In this bitter struggle
France's allies are in a diffi
cult Dosition. If they support
French policy, they will alien
ate public opimon m the Afro
Asian world. If they support
the Algerian nationalists, they
will alienate France. If they
try to stay aloof from the
conflict, as the U.S. has at
tempted to do, both sides are
resentful. .
The brightest spot in Allied
relations is' in the economic
area. Durinz 1959 the North
Atlantic community seemed
headed for trade bloc rival
ries that could do serious
damage to the economic
growth and continued pros
perity of these, the world's
most Important trading na
tions. The six nations of the Euro
pean Common Market had
made great strides toward
the elimination of internal
tariffs and customs, and the
establishment of common tar
iffs toward the rest of the
world.
Looser Pattern
Seven other Western Euro
pean nations, including Brit
ain, established a somewhat
looser pattern of economic
cooperation, which eliminat
ed internal tariffs but allowed
each country to set its own
tariffs with the rest of the
world.
The United States, mean
while, found itself exporting
dollars at an unprecedented
rate. U.S. commercial foreign
trade showed a favorable bal
ance of exports over imports,
but U.S. overseas investments
and foreign aid programs
more than offset this balance.
Fears over this situation were
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111 North Central
intensified by a concern that
the U.S. might, because of its
higher wages and prices, suf
fer in world trade competition
with the two European trad
ing blocs.
In recent months, however,
the situation has brightened
considerably. Under the lead
ership of U.S. Undersecretary
of State Douglas Dillon, the
U.S., Canada, Japan and
Western Europe are negotiat
ing new, broader patterns of
economic cooperation. In ad
dition to cooperation on trade
and tariff policies, these na
tions expect to plan jointly
their foreign economic aid to
underdeveloped areas of - the
world.
It is expected that new pat
terns of cooperation will help
broaden the market for U.S.
exports, and will help reverse
the recent U.S. "balance of
payments" trend. -
Main Concern
The main concern in Allied
capitals is whether military
and diplomatic policies can
be coordinated as readily as
have economic policies. This
question is particularly im
portant in view of scheduled
negotiations -with the Soviet
Union.
Few experts believe that
the inter-Allied divisions are
so deep as to allow the So
viets to drive a wedge into
the Western alliance system.
On the Algerian crisis, some
experts feel that the Soviet
spokesmen for reasons of
their own, are currently hold
ing back their usual propa
ganda thrusts to avoid roiling
East-West relations before the
summit meeting.
But should France be un
able completely to quell the
insurgent revolt m Algiers, or
later achieve a just settlement i
of the wider Algerian prob-1
lem, the West will inevitably
carry an exposed weakness
to any future summit meet
ing. The U.S. and Britain, as
the two nuclear powers on
the Allied side, must also
hope to align France with
them on disarmament plans,
especially on a( nuclear test
ban, which they may" wish to
negotiate at the summit.
Economic Cooperation
Presumably over the long
term, the present trends to
ward greater economic coop
eration within the Western
alliance system may lead to
wider diplomatic and political
coordination of Allied poli
cies. This cannot, however, af
fect the summit meeting in
May. It may well be impor
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tant if in the future an ex- j
tended series of top level j
East-West conferences are in
store. .
Experts have long recog
nized the necessity for more
genuine joint consultation
among the Allies (beyond that
achieved within the present
NATO set up) in order to gear
the free world adequately to
meet the long pull ahead in
competition with the commu
nist bloc
Whatever seeming differ
ences have appeared in Soviet
versus Red China policies,
communist goals challenge
the West to both greater and
more unified efforts to
achieve a world so organized
that peace in freedom can be
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Rogue River - Jerry Shaw,
a native of Oklahoma, has
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Rogue River school district
board has announced.
He replaces Mrs. Jane Hog
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and Algebra. Mrs. Hogstrom
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Shaw is a mathematics and
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Shaw has been teaching In
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