MAIL TRIBUNE, MadforJ, Or.
Thursday, Jan. 21, I960
- "Everyone in Southern Oregon
Reads- The Mail Tribune"1
Published Daily except Saturday by
MEDFORD PRINTING CO.
33 North Fir SU Ph. SP 2-6141
: JIOBERT W. RUHL, -Editor
HERB GREY, Advertising Manager
, GERALD T. LATHAM. Bus. Mgr.
ERIC W. ALLEN JR.. Mng. Editor
EARL H. ADAMS. City Editor
HARRY CHIPMAN. Teleg. Editor
RICHARD JEWETT. Sports Editor
OLIVE STARCHER. Women's Editor
DALE ERICKSON. Circulation Mgr.
An Independent Newspaper
Entered as second class matter at
Med ford. Oregon,' under Act of .
March 3. 1897
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Flight o' Time
Medford and Jackson County
History from the files of The
Mail Tribune 10, 20, 30, 40
and 50 years ago.
c5Ha i
10 YEARS AGO
Jan. 21. 1950 (Saturday)
A hangar roof at The Dalles
collapsed from weight of
snow and demolished five
planes. ' -
One Ashland youth- was
given a 90-day jail sentence
after he and four others were
accused of stealing items
. from a wrecked plane in
which a man was killed.
20 YEARS AGO
Jan. 21, 1940 (Sunday)
Russia warns Finland it
will declare war unless Fins
rUW weapons stolen from
Itprt troops on Finnish tcrrl
tory. Russia has been bomb
ing Finnish cities for two
months but never yet de
clared war.
From Arthur Perry's "Ye
Smudge Pot" column: "A poll
in. Portland shows men (the
brutes) are the best auto
driver?, and the women (the
smoothies) admit it.
V). YZA23 AGO
Jin. 21, 1330 rrud-7)
Local cx-,ps need mors
turkeys for shipment to Bos
ton and more hofcj for ship
ment to Portland,
Dry enforcement chief
rule "sanctity of th home
must be observed in all dry
raid3."
40 YEARS AGO
Jan. 21. 1320 (Thursday)
Expert tells people at Page
theater last night that Trigon
ia oil well will be producing
oil in Medford within a year.
City police arrest three
high school boys for smoking
and controversy, rages.
5Q YEARS AGO
Jan. 21. 1910 (Friday)
The 640-acre Dunlap place
east of Talent has been .sold
for $80,000; will be planted
with fruit trees.
Official of Pacific and East
ern railroad predicts Med-
ford's population will reach
25,000 by 1914. -
What's Your I.Q.?
Nine or ten correct is superior;
seven or eight is excellent; five or
six is food.
1. Who was left at a river's
brink in a basket made of
papyrus?
2. Does the monotype ma
chine cast one letter at a
time?
3. Is a chimpanzee a mon
key? 4. Who is the Speaker of
the U.S. House of Represen
tatives? '
5- Apolygonis another
name for a tadpole; true or
false? -
6. What young girl led a
French Army against the Eng
lish? ' '
7. Which of these does not
have wings: mosquitoes,
fleas, flies, bees?
8. In what country is the
Thames River?
9. Who sought the Golden
Fleece ?
10 Was' Thomas Jefferson
President of the U.S. before
or. after. John Quicy Adams?
Answers: 1. Moses. 2. Yes.
3. No (an anthropoid apt.) .
Sam Rayburn. 5. Falsa. 6.
, t 1. F10SS.. "5-
land. 9. The Argonauts,
Befoxe. V:
10.
A Sharp Contrast
J'': There is a startling contrast between the think
ing shown in pieces printed elsewhere on this
page. 7"' . ' ' - ' .
One is the article by, Walter Lippmann, one
of America's most distinguished and best inform
ed men, in which he cautions against the drift of
this nation toward second-class status, or worse.
He quotes Allen Dulles, head of the Central
Intelligence .Agency,-as saying, "The uses to
which economic resources are directed largely
determine the measure of national power." :
WR LIPPMANN'S point is that this nation is
falling behind Russia in its rate of develop
ment, and as a major force in the world.
. And this is happening, he says,, because the
nation as a whole is not devoting the necessary
share of its economic wealth to the purposes of
national power and development.
Instead, it is devoting a greater share to priv
ate romfort. convenience and desire.
He says: "That is why the national power of
li n i -1 t t c : l 1 .i it.. 1
tne soviet union is i urging aneau tu une uauuiiai
power of the United States." . .
."'...
THE other writing, which is in-such contrast, is
from Wallace L. Lee, Portland president of
"Volunteers for Constitutional Government of
Oregon, Inc." :
He is a supporter of the so-called 23rd amende
ment, which has been discussed on this page rec
ently. His letter is printed in full, despite the fact
that it exceeds our usual limitation, so that our
readers may judge for themselves the validity of
his arguments.
It seems to us the supporters ot the amend
ment portray, with exquisite accuracy, the ulti
mate in the sort of thinking which Mr. Lippmann
deplores, which boils down to personal greed
above national welfare.
CAN private enterprise forge the national pur
pose and the national power which is needed
in today's cold world competition ?
Can it compete with the "major thrust of So
viet economic development and its high tech
nological skills and resources" which are now
JJ. J- ,1 4- n J innnilinni1 ir fllief VI 0 1 TnillfoT-lT
and national power goals"?
The quesuons are sen -
In our view, the. 23rd
but a political phrasing of the age-old, unthink
ing complaints against government, "which in this
nation still (thank Uod)
himself concedes rather
X7E DO not intend to comment on Mr. Lee's
yy letter, except in regard to one or two points.
He says:
"You make the false charge that this amendment
to the Constitution would eliminate foreign aid. This
is absolute nonesense."
Now, whom shall we believe Mr. Lee, or Mr.
W1II13 Stone, the author of the amendment?
In Portland, Ore., on Sept. 8, 1959, Mr. Stone
delivered a speech in the Scottish Rite Temple.
In thi3 speech he said (and the quotation is
exact):
"As the proposed 23rd amendment would also pre
vent the taxing of the American people to pay, tribute
for foreign powers, this would terminate the so-called
foreign aid programs which have produced such hated
of Americans around the world . . ."
Is "private enterprise" going to take over this
world-wide program, Mr. Lee, and do it better?
Or would thi3 nation simply abandon its friends
and allies?
IT IS apparent that those who have been "sold"
on the amendment are not entirely in agree
ment on what it would do.
Each likes to believe it would do what he
wants done.
Mr. Lee would like to see the United States
government end its role as "absentee landlord"
of 53 per cent of the land area of Oregon.
Does he mention that most of this land is ad
ministered by the. Forest Service and the Bureau
of Land Management? That it is designed for the
long-range welfare of the people of this state
and of the nation? That it is a major contribution
to the wealth and economic stability of all of
Oregon?
And that it MORE than pays for itself ?
He also says this land was "confiscated."
Doesn't he read history?
,
OIS other arguments' are equally specious.
And all blink the
this country owes a responsibility to it.
We happen to believe that a patriot pays his
taxes to support his government in what it is try
ing. to do, and does it willingly, even if he hap
pens to disagree with some of the details.
We do not see it as patriotism to support a
so-called amendment which would emasculate
the government in its role as a world power
the ONLY world power still able to face up to
the threat of Communist totalitarianism.
THE 23rd amendment, if ever enacted, would
end all income, estate and gift taxes. .
Well, who wouldn't like to have that money
jingling in his own pocket? -'
But isn't it better to live in a strong, secure
nation, and pay these taxes, than it would be to
have that money jingling in the pockets of a
citizenry of a has-been, bankrupted nation?
As a former Republican governor of Ore-
fon wisely commented on the proposal, "23
kiddoo." E.A. -
answering.
amendment is nothing
is , the people as Lee
than a faceless master.
fact that each citizen of
Dennis the
I GOTTA EATAti f?UM! SOfAS PSOPLB ABBMtMtf IKO TUB NEW
HOUSE AN' THEV SOT A COOA TSCOISHION J
Today & Tomorrow
By Walter
THE SECOND-BEST
The President has been
true to the principle he laid
down in his first budget,
which was submitted on Jan.
21", 1954. "We will reduce,"
he said six years ago, "the
share of the national income
which is spent by the gov
ernment." He has done that. Although
the Federal government is
spending on the purchase of
goods and services more than
it did six years ago, this is
a smaller share of the much
increased national income.
Even when we add the very
considerab le increased
amount .spent by local and
state governments, the total
is still, a smaller SHARE
than it was in 1953, when the
President was preparing his
first budget.
So the President is en
titled to say that he has been
faithful to the principle he
laid down when he "began.
During his term of office the
American people have been
enjoying a larger share of a
greatly enlarged national in
come. Never before in all
history have so many people
in any country had so much
money to spend privately and
as they saw fit.
THIS would be an unalloyed
delight were it not for the
disturbing fact that during
these years of private pros
perity, the President has been
presiding over the loss of
American primacy among the
greater powers of the world.
There is no doubt that this
country is still much richer
than the Soviet Union. It may
be, although no one knows,
not any weaker than the So
viet Union. But we have fal
len behind and are not hold
ing our own in terms of na
tional power, In over-aU mili
tary capacity, in the competi
tion to pioneer in outer space.
In the comparative rate of
economic growth, and in edu
cation, which is the life-giving
principle of national power.
Why has this happened?
Why are we challenged in this
way when, in fact, the Soviet
Union has a gross national
product which is less than
half of ours and a standard of
living about a third as high
as our own? Why is this rich
er country being pressed by a
poorer country?
The reason, at bottom, is
that in this period of cold
war, the President has ; ad
hered to a principle which
would probably no longer be
suitable even in a time of
total peace. He has adhered
to a principle which puts pri
vate comfort and private con
sumption ahead of national
need. The President has spent
his seven years in office re
ducing the SHARE of the na
tional income devoted to pub
lic purposes. The challenge of
the Soviet Union has been
demanding an increase, not a
reduction, of the share of the
national income devoted to
public purposes. We are fall
ing behind in the race because
we are not allowed to run.
.
THE Soviet economy is grow
ing at a rate which, esti
mated conservatively, is 6 per
cent per annum. Our economy
has been growing at a rate of
less than 3 per cent. The . So
viet economy is half as big
as ours but it is growing twice
as fast. This means that this
year's increment of increas- is
about $12,000,000,000 in the
U.S.S.R. and about $15,000,
000,000 in the U.S.A .
But, as. this is the crux of
the matter, the U.S.S.R. will
use most, not alLof the $12,
000,000,000 increase for na
tional purposes, for arma
ments, for productive invest
ment, for foreign aid, and for
national education. We, on the
other hand, are acting on the
Eisenhower principle, and are
spending a greater share of
Menace
Lippmann
our $15,000,000,000 increase
for private purposes, for the
making of consumer goods
and of the factories and facil
ities connected with the mak
ing and use of consumer
goods.
That is why the national
power of the Soviet Union is
forging ahead of the national
power of the United States.
-
I HAVE taken this analysis
of figures from several
sources but chiefly from the
brilliant 'and notabh. : testi
mony before, the Joint Com
mittee of Congress given last
autumn by Prof. W. W. Ros-
tow of the Massachusetts In
stitute of Technology. The
analysis is confirmed by the
testimony of Mr. Allen W.
Dulles, based on the findings
of the Central Intelligence
Agency.
The concluding paragraph
of Mr. Dulles's statement is
one that we must all ponder
and take to heart. It says,
"Themajor thrust of Soviet
economic development and its
high technological skills and
resources are directed towards
specialized industrial, mili
tary, and .. national power
goals. A major thrust of our
economy is directed into the
production of consumer type
goods and services which add
little to the sinews of our na
tional strength. Hence, neither
the size of our respective
gross national product nor of
our respective industrial pro
duction is a true yardstick of
our relative national power
positions.
"The uses to which eco
nomic .resources are direct
ed largely determine the
measure of national pow
er." I HAVE emphasized the last
sentence of Mr. Dulles's
statement because it states, so
it seems to me, the funda
mental issue which the coun
try must meet. The Presi
dent's controlling principle -that
the government should
spend a smaller share of a
growing national income-has
as its consequence, in this
age of cold war and national
rivalry, that the country will
have a smaller position of in
fluence and power in the
world. While it may be that
the days of our primacy,
which were brief, are ending,
what must not be allowed to
end is our parity with the
greatest powers. For on it de
pend many of the dearest
hopes of mankind.
Nobody can say as yet
when the nation will become
aroused to the realization that
national duty must take pre
cedence over private indul
gence, that it is not possible
to preserve our society by
private affluence and public
complacency.
The voices that will serve
this country, and indeed save
it, will be those of stern men
demanding hard things. They
may not as yet do well in the
Gallup polls. They will be
listened to sooner or later. For
they will shatter the belief,
now so prevalent among us,
that affluence is greatness. It
is not." In the history of hu
man society it has not seldom
been the case that when rich
es were devoted to luxury it
was the mark of their de
cline. : "" ' .
(c) 1960 New York Herald
Tribune Inc.
Stayton Police Chief
Candidate for Sheriff
Salem - (UPD - The police
chief of Stayton, Everett Nor
fleet, announced his candi
dacy Wednesday for sheriff
of Marion county.
He is the third person-and
third Republican-to file for
sheriff. Others are incumbent
Sheriff Denver Y ung and H.
(Tex) Shively, Salem.
23rd Amendment Advocate Calls Editorial
Arrogant,
To the Editor: Your editori
al concerning the proposed
amendment to the Constitu
tion,, curently known as the
23rd Amendment, has been
forwarded to me. by friends
and supporters in your city.
In your arrogant, conde
scending attitude you use such
descriptive words as silly, ab
surd, asinine, unthinkable. I
can think of no better words
to describe your editorial
dealing with a subject about
which you know so little.
After Willis Stone had giv
en his testimony before a Con
gressional Committee, Con
gressman Ralph W. Gwinn of
New York stood before his
colleagues in Congress and
made this statement: "I have
found no one in Congress or
Government who can dispute
Mr. Stone's testimony."
Democratic Governor Hick
ey of Wyoming 'and Demo
cratic Governor Daniels of
Texas are enthusiastic sup
porters of this Amendment.
Both houses of both of these
State Legislatures supported
the passage of this Amend
ment. The Association of
American Physicians and Sur
geons heartily endorse this
Amendment.' Do you call the
Newer, Deadlier Weapons in
Plans of Both U.S.S.R., U.S.
By PHIL NEWSOM
UPI Foreign Editor
Hand-in-hand with talk of
world peace goes the drive
for newer and deadlier weap
ons. Within the last several days,
the two most powerful nations
on earth, the
United States
and Soviet
Russia, un
veiled some of
the details of
their a r m a
ment , plans
for 1960.
Neither . in
dicated that
Phij Newsnm settlement ot
world tensions was just
around the corner.
President Eisenhower dis
closed a military spending
'Spin the Democrat'
Is Dick West's New
Election Year Game
By DICK WEST
Washington-(UPD-This seems
to be the season for thinking
up new political games. Mine
ls-called spin
the Demo-
I crat." It is
variali'nn rt-f
tiic uiu game
"capture the
delegate."
The game is
played on a
board on
which a race
Dick West t r a c k is
drawn. The track is divided
into lanes with crossing lines
which form squares. In the
center is a numbered wheel.
Four can play. Each player
selects a campaign button
labelled "Kennedy," "Hum
ph r e y," "Symington" or
"Johnson." The buttons are
placed on the starting line,
Communications
Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address of
the writer although under cer
' tain circumstances the use of a
pen name or initial for publica
tion is permissible. The Mail
Tribune reserves the right to
edit all letters with an eye to
clarification and condensation.
Letters submitted for publica
tion must not exceed 400 words
Editorial Liked
To the Editor: It was with
considerable interest that I
read an editorial from your
paper dated Dec. 20, 1959.
The title of the editorial was
"There Was Music." Certain
ly this fine report typifies the
positive actions of an out
standing music department in
an outstanding school district.
When so much . attention is
being given to education in
general, quality education, it
is strengthening to read
where thoughtful people are
giving music education its
due credit. .
Jerry Weseley Harris,
Editor, Oregon Music
Educator,
2865 S.W. 120th,
Beaverton, Ore.
Morse To Deliver
Demo Keynote Speech
Salem -(UPD- The keynote
speech for the Oregon State
Democratic platform conven
tion here will be delivered
by Sen. .Wayne Morse (D
Qre.). "
Morse will open the conven
tion Jan. 29th at 1:30 p.m. in
the Marion hotel. .
8i - m
Condescending'; Support Told
members of this fine group
of citizens silly, absurd and
asinine?' -
You make the .inference
that only the Federal Gov
ernment can sail ' ships, build
dams, conserve the soil-doing
everything that the American
people have always done bet
ter and cheaper in the Ameri
can way. Now what is the
Federal Government? THE
PEOPLE. What is the Sov
ereign Independent S t a t e?
THE PEOPLE. What is Pri
vate Enterprise? THE PEO
PLE. Now if people can do
things through the Federal
Government, then they can
do the same things through
their State Government and
through Private Enterprise.
Experience proves that peo
ple work together and do
things together better within
their Sovereign State and
among themselves In Fr?e
Enterprise than when direct
ed by Federal bureaucrats. A
Federal Government that be
comes so big and powerful
that it can give us everything
we want is also big and pow
erful enough to take every
thing we have.
The Federal Government
with only two of its agencies
has confiscated (sic) more
plan totalling close to $41
billion, slightly more than last
year. In the budget were three
more nuclear-powered, Po
laris-firing submarines, final-
stage development of the
6,000-mile ICBM Minuteman,
and an increase in the num
ber of B-52 heavy jet bomber
wings from 11 to 14.
In Moscow, Soviet Premier
Nikita Khrushchev boasted of
a "formidable" new weapon
of "fantastic" strength.
He sugar-footed that "an
nouncement that Russia would
reduce its present military
force of 3,623,000 men by 1,
200,000 "in the course of one
or two years."
Would Be On Par
The reduction, assuming it
is carried out, would place
which is formed by a row of
question marks.
The players take turns
spinning the wheel and mov
ing their buttons forward the
number of spaces indicated by
the pointer. This continues
until they reach the square
marked "news conference.
The first two players to
reach this square pick up
cards marked "front runner"
and follow an arrow pointing
to "primaries." The other
two pick up cards marked
"dark horse" and follow an
arrow pointing to "draft."
Can Challenge
The two players on the
"primaries" lane continue
moving their buttons until
one reaches tne square
marked "New Hampshire."
This entitles him to "chal
lenge" the other player.
The other player may ac
cept the "challenge" and
move nis button onto tne
"New Hampshire" square. Or
he may bypass "New Hamp
shire" and move on to the
square marked "Wisconsin."
The player on "New Hamp
shire" is then entitled to pick
up a "delegate" card. .
If two buttons land on the
same primary square at the
same time, one must go back
five spaces and forfeit his
"front runner" card.
Meanwhile, the two play
ers with the "dark horse"
cards continue to move their
buttons along the "draft"
lane. If they land on squares
marked "opinion poll" or
"grass roots," they may pick
up a "delegate" card.
Must Forfeit Cards
But if either player stops
on a square marked "Steven
son," he must forfeit all of
his "delegate" cards and is
out of the game.
The play continues until
all the buttons reach the
last square, which is marked
"convention." Now three of
the - players m u s t try to
"block" the player holding
the "front runner" card. They
move their buttons into a
circle marked "smoke filled
room." . t
The three players stay in
the circle until one gets pos
session of all of the "dele
gate" cards held by the other
two. This entitles him to
leave the circle and pick up
cards from the "favorite
son" stack. - -
The player holding the
"front runner" card may now
exchange it for a "band
wagon" card, which is equal
to three "favorite son" cards.
This completes the rules of
the game. All you have to do
now u figure out who wins.
than 40 per cent of the land
area of America. This absen
tee landlord owns 53 per cent
of our State of Oregon. Our
Governor is the Governor of
only 47 per cent of the State.
Do you like that? Would you
like it better if he was re
duced to being the Governor
of only 27 per cent of the
State? When the Federal In
come Tax was passed the
American people were prom
ised that the tax would never
be more than 1 per cent on
incomes over" $3,000 and
would never exceed 5 per cent
on incomes of $300,000 and
over. Now it starts at 20 per
cent on incomes $600 and
goes up to 91 per cent on
higher incomes. Isn't this con
fiscation by big Government?
The bureaucrats take their
cut off the top and tell the
citizens to get along the best built up. The 23rd Amend
way they can on what's left, ment will put foreign aid on
forcing every citizen who em- a people to people basis rather
ploys people to become their
tax collectors. In the thinking
of any sane and sensible per-
son this is socialism going
rampant. Do you like that and
is that what you want? Well,
we don't and that's vhy there
is going to be a rough and
militant political contest in
1960 and Oregon will be in
the U.S. and the Soviet Union
about on a par in the number
of men under arms. The U.S.
plans to have 2,488,000 men
in uniform by mid-1961, just
auuul u'n pieaeiiL level.
lfidel?,1!:M?nh0Wer also
f,r,-?2 dUon r;? u? of
oiuu minion, io arm xne u.a.
NATO allies with new weap-
. , . , , .
ine muiKing Denind the
armament pians ot tne two
iwuuiis nas important sum
larities.
Both are in the transition
period from conventional
armament to the new concept
based on rockets and nuclear
power.
The manned bomber and
fighter is taking a place of
decreasing importance.
Heavy emphasis is being
placed on the nuclear sub
marine, a floating submerged
base for rockets almost im
possible to detect and possib
ly the most fearsome weapon
ot ail.
Remains Uneasy World
ine U.S. expects to have
the first of 15 submarines
armed with a 1,500-mile mis
sile combat-ready bv this fall
A recent Swedish report said
that Russia has a 2,500-ton
nuclear - powered submarine
now operating in the Baltic
Out of all this comes the
obvious conclusion that, de
spite all talk of peace and
world disarmament, this re
mains an uneasy world in
which potential antagonists
intend to negotiate onlv from
positions of strength.
The West has good reason.
For with all Khrushchev's
talk of peace, in the same
breath he threatens a separate
treaty with East Germany
which would cut off free West
Berlin, and leave a disarmed
West powerless to defend it.
The Communists respect
strength but they have never
hesitated to take advantage
of weakness. Korea was a
classic example.
And there has been no sign
of yielding on the Commu
nists' part to Western de
mands that disarmament must
be accompanied by adequate
inspection.
I IS AN UNENDING
1 1 1 QUAUTY WITH us
Aoim turn the Cwrthoin
RANK MOROAN - H At OlO SNODGftASS, FUNRAl DRfCTOtt
DAY Ott NIGHT
the front ranks.
You make the false charge
that this Amendment to the
Constitution would eliminate
Foreign Aid. This is absolute
nonsense. The American peo
ple have always believed in
foreign aid to people. We have
done more to relieve the suf
fering of people all over the
world than people of any oth
er nation. Our founding fa
thers never intended that the
Constitution should be so mis
interpreted as to force the
American people to support
Communist and Socialist Gov
ernments, enabling these gov
ernments to reduce their pub
lic debt while we increase our
national debt by billions. We
are hated by other people of
the world and are beloved
no less than the Socialist
governments that we have
than politician to politician,
who are trying to build each
other up in a frantic ffort
to make Socialism work,
You take out of context
from the 8th Section of Arti-
cje I 0f the Constitution "Gen-
eral Welfare". How can you
arrive at such a ridiculous
conclusion that our founding
fathers deliberately set up for
future generations a political
convenience for evil men to
make possible the same cir
cumstance for which they
were forced to fight a revolu
tionary war?
You sit safe, smug and se
cure behind the freedom guar
anteed to you in Amendment
I of the Bill of Rights, a guar-
,tM n, roaAnm f ua
Yet you maliciously attack an
Amooni tv,- rn.iit
Uion that spells out and gives
the same force and affect in
vo tA
others. who buys your pape,
who pays for your advert is-
w makino it twiW f. r
you to be in business In order
that you can insult so many
of the good patriotic people
of your community and con
tinue to enhance the socialis
tic schemes of bureaucratic
planners.
Yours very truly,
Wallace L. Lee,
President,
Volunteers for Consti
tutional Government iD
Oregon, Inc.
406-407 Governor Bldg.
Portland 4, Ore.
Editor's note: See comment
in editorial column.
For those who may have
missed the amendment, here
is its text:
Sect. 1. The Government of
the United States -.hall not
engage in any business, pro
fessional, commercial, finan :i
al, or industrial enterprise ex
cept as specified in the Con
stitution. Sect. 2. The Constitution or
laws of any State, or the laws
of the United States, shall not
be subject to the terms of any
foreign or domestic agree
ment which would abrogate
this amendment.
Sect. 3. The activities of
the U.S. Government which
violate the intent and pur
pose of this amendment shall,
within a period of three years
from the date of the ratifica
tion of this amendment, be
liquidated and the properties
and facilities affected shall be
sold.
Sect. 4. Three years after
the ratification of this amend
ment the sixteenth article of
amendments to the Constitu
tion of the United States shall
stand repealed and thereafter
Congress shall not levy taxes
on personal incomes, estates,
and or gifts.
PHONE SP 2-6030