Newly Completed 120-Inch Telescope Gets Initial Use in Searching Heavens
Mt. Hamilton. Calif.-(Sci
nce Service)-The newly com
pleted 120-inch telescope at
the University of California's
Lick Observatory has reach
ed into the heavens for the
first time. It showed that the
nucleous of the great Andro
meda nebula Is an astronomi
cal "whirling dervish."
The nucleus of the dra
matic pinwheel nebula, a mirror-image
of our own Milky
Way galaxy, is rotating fast
er than the outer portions, a
fact not previously known.
Stars at a distance of 25 light
years from the center of An
dromeda, known as M-31,
make a complete trip around
the galactic center every mil
lion years.
Stan farther from the cen
ter of this nebula, which is
located some 2,000,009 light
years away, make a complete
revolution only once in every
100,000,000 years. By com
parison, the portion 4of the
Milky Way galaxy in which
the sun and its planets, in
cluding earth, are situated is
estimated to rotate around the
center of the Milky Way only
once in 200,000,000 years.
Speed Astonishing
The rotational speed of the
Andromeda nebula nucleus is
astonishing, astronomi c a 1 1 y
speaking, Dr. A. E. Whitford,
director of Lick Observatory
here, said.
Reasons for the discontinu
ity of rotation in M-31 are as
yet obscure, but the findings
provide important new infor
mation for astronomers, par
ticularly those interested in
the evolution of galaxies.
The observation with the
world's second largest tele
scope was made by. Dr. Merle
Walker, of the Lick staff, us
ing an electronic camera de
signed by Prof. Andre Lalle
mand, of the Paris' Observa
tory, and brought to Mt. 'Ham
ilton by Prof. Lallemand and
Dr. Maurice Duchesne.
The new electronic camera
will improve astronomical ob
servations by a factor of be
tween; 30 and 50 times, Dr.
Whitford said. The spectro-
4
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INVITATION? The White House disclosed that Presi
dent Elsenhower is giving consideration to a proposal
br Sen. Thomas J. Dodd (Dem.-Conn.) that he invite
former President Harry ,S. Truman along on his trip, to
isit foreign government heads. Though tney seem
friendly (above) as , Truman congratulates Dee on his
election, the two have had little to do with each other in
the last few years. "
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Cm I MONTHLY PAYMENT PIANS
TC 24 X II 6
ptymts ptymls paymts PTto
$104 S 5.90 S 6.72 $10.05 S18.46
2M 11.81 13.44 20.09 36.92
3M 17.71 20.16 30.14 55.38
9M 28.86 32.97 49.64 91.66
100 53.89 621 95.64 179.56
ISO 77.87 90.38 (140.57 1266.36
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OUSEHOLD FINANCE
128 E. Main St., 2nd Floer-SPring 3-530T '
Hours: H 7 Mwt-U l SM Tws. thru frL-Qostd Sot.
grams of M-31 were obtained
for example, in exposures of
15 to 45 nynutes, compared
to exposures of five to 15
hours that would have been
required with the best photo
graphic plates.
First Observations
Drl Whitford said that, al
though the milestone of first
observations with the new
120-inch telescope has passed,
the giant instrument is still
not completely operational.
Mechanical "tune-up" opera
tions will continue for some
time, and several pieces of
auxiliary equipment, in de
sign or construction i stage,
will not be completed for
more than a year. -
Dr. Whitford said the tele
scope,., now in regular use,
gave a fine image on its first
night of use, and performed
completely up to expectations.
The huge telescope, which
will complement the 200-inch
telescope -at Mt. Palomar in
searching the distant heavens,
was started in 1947 when the
California State Legislature
made the first appropriations
for the instrument that have
now amounted to some $2,
500,000. Grinding and polish
ing of the 120-inch mirror was
started in 1953 and completed
earlier this year.
The final step in prepara
tion of the huge mirror was
performed some four months
ago, when it was given an
aluminum coating two - mil-
Plionths of an inch thick.
The new instrument will be
used for two .general types of
astronomical research, Dr.
Whitford said.
, One area of study will con
cern faint and distant objects
which could not be discerned
with . other instruments . at
Lick Observatory. Some of
the closer galaxies will be re
solved into individual stars,
and some of the brightest of
them can be studied in detail.
Also, the light of galaxies on
the- outer fringes of explored
space will be available for
analysis, and may yield in
sight into unresolved ques
tions of cosmology and the
geometry of spare on the
grand scale.
MAIL TRIBUNE, MedfowJ, Or. C
I Monday, Nov. 23, 1959 A
The second general area
will concern stellar objects
that are relatively close. The
astronomers will make studies
in this area of young stars
and stars that are in the pre
birth stage. This information
may fill out i the picture of
the life cycle of matter in our
galaxy that results in the crea
tion of stars.
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