j wwiiiii.iiPi, y
Approach of Spring
Hastens Research by
U S. in Antarctic
.". Washington - Spring is
coming to the world's coldest
laboratory Antarctica. The
sun's return quickens scien
tific activity.
Though the International
Geophysical Year has passed,
exploration of the bleak.o
frigid continent goeson. TJe
TTni Cotta T&.-rm
four stations on a yearound11 waters of McMurdo Sound
basis, and durir the 1959-60
season will mount its fifth
consecutive Operation Deep
Freeze in suppoig of Amer
ican research. The National
Science Foundation, vfloich
adminsters the U.S. AntarSti?
Research Program, will e?n
phasize geologypcartogrJjphy,
and biology during the com
ing summer) o
cuuujjs ujevia mtiuue i average elevation is more
study of the Adelie penguip,9than)a mue above sea level
Pending projects include a
one of two species thafe in
. habit the edge of theaontin
ent, and an expedition kito
; the little-known wars of the
Bellingshausen and Amiflid-
sen Seas.
No Plffe More Hostile
Little by little, adventurous
scientists andechnicians are
unlocking the secrets of a
vast land nearly twice tha
size of the United States. OPfi?
penguins, sejls, st birds,
small lichens, -anosses. firJM
s algae live there by choic
No otner region gn earth is
colder or more hostilayto man.
At the
Styiet Union's Vq&-
; tok IGY
' station, sgentts
have recorded the planet's
' lowest temperature 12$.8
'degrees. Antr&ica strfts
most of the world's ioe at
; some places & is 14 j)00 feat
tnick. . e
Itl winter the entir con
tinent feels the lash of winL
The world's breeziest spot? is
Commonwealth Bay, where
coM. air from tfie ice pla-4
teau strikes witha Scream-
-Ing, tearing force of 200 milos
hour.
The ltarcticQs not wifti-
' "out surprises and paradoxes.
Little snjw seems to fall aow
except in warmr areas on
the coasts. During the winter
that Antarctic veteran Paul
"A. Siple and 17 otbjr Amer
icans manned an IGY station
Cat the South Pole, they meas
ured only six inches of new
fall.. . .
In midsummer the Pole re-
ceives more sunlight than any
place on earth. About 95 per-
- cent Is reflected however, so
the "bottom of the wo$dre
mains exceedingly icy. ; .
This was not always the
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case. Some 300 miles from
the Pole, an exploratory party
has found petrified trees, leaf
fossils, seashells, and coal
obeds sure signs that Antarc
tica was once a lush, green
continent.
An active volcano, 13,200-
foot Mount Erebus, overlooks
where the Navy maintains an
important aft- faciSty. In a
section of Marie Byrd Land,
t$e ice sheet is strewn with
volcanic rocks, but there are
no othgr signs of recent vol
canic activity.
CooliSHBt Depressed by Snow
Though the 0tremendous
bujden of ice and snow has
49pres$ed the continent, the
elevation is more
the- highest in the world. The
South Pole station rests upon
8,300 feet of snow and 900
cc& solid reck.
Much of Antarctica is a
fcaturaless waste oPsnow and
ica, fissured and splitting into
glacial tongues at the edges
Some glacial tongues were
formed thousands of years
ego, bu they are held to the
nerent riacier by hingelike
ice formations that crack and
freeze over and. over again.
o An Ice prison several hun
dred miles wide forms about
tha continent in winter. When
summer returns the ice breaks
up, leaving areas of open wa
ter on Antarctica's edge.
At present the Antarctic re
mains a man's world. Several
Cornea have visited the frozen
continent, but none has ever
At foot on the South Pole.
Pound Preserved By
Radiafiofi Eaten
Washington (Science Serv
ice) - Thirteen people ate food
preserved by radiation sterili
zation for 15 days with no ill
effects, the U.S. Army Medi
cal Nutrition Laboratory" has
reported here. In fact, the
subjects said everything but
th orange Juice and the
string beans tasted as good as
food preserved by freezing.
Irradiation produced few
caloric and nutrient changes
rln the foods, which included
nfeats, vegetables, fruits and
a cereal. A copy of the full
28-page report, PB 151152, on
ttye food study can be obtain
ed for 75 cents from the Office
of . Technical ' Services, U. S.
Eepartmit of -Com m e r c e,
Washington 25, D.C.
PLUFFO
SHORTENING
B
8
' i
FRIGHTENED Apparently a little frightened by all the
confusion after arriving on the Liner Berlin at New York,
Robert Sarmany, 16 months old, of Toronto, Canada,' sits
on his baggage and cries. The boy and his parents returned
from a visit to Robert's grandparents in Hanover, Germany.
(UPI Telephoto)
Seattle Housewife Uses
Iron To Chase Intruder
' Seattte-OIPD-Mrs. Dorothy E. McKenzie looked up from
her ironing Tuesday night and stared into the muzzle' of
a blue-black automatic aimed directly at her.
"Hold' it. Stay right there," said the man leveling the
weapon,' his head covered by a stocking.
Squeezes the Trigger
For a minute or so, he stood there, unmoving, saying
nothing. Then he squeezed the trigger. There was a click.
Another click.
" Mrs. McKenzie reacted then.
she had, the iron. It struck the intruder in his rib section.
Turning to escape, the hooded man slipped on a scatter
rug, got up, made the door fell again as he leaped down
the stairs to the back yard.
The 27-year-old woman,
were asleep in an upstairs bedroom, telephoned the King
county sheriff's office. She repeated her night-marish yarn
to them. - -
Assailant Not Known
Mrs. McKenzie said she knows of no one who disliked
her, or her hospitalized husband, enough to. threaten her.
. Shortly after the deputies
McKenzie picked it up.
"Well, well," a man's voice
...
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She hurled the only weapon
mother of four children who
left, the telephone rang. Mrs.
said. Then he hung up.
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Outstanding Effects Resulted
From Yellowstone Area Quake
San Francisco, (Science
Service) A survey of the
region of the earthquake that
struck southern Montana west
of Yellowstone National Park
on Aug. 17, has been made
by Dr. Karl V. Steinbrugge,
San Francisco seismologist.
It shows that the effects it
produced were outstanding.
Most spectacular was one
of the largest landslides in
the United States ever to have
accompanied a historic shock,
Dr. Steinbrugge found.
Campers Killed
The slide, composed of an
estimated 35,000,000 to '50,
000,000 cubic yards of rock,
killed perhaps 20 people who
were camping in' the Madison
River valley below. This mile
long rock slide effectively
damned the Madison river,
and a new lake rose behind it.
Nature apparently did a good
job in compacting the fill
which makes up the new dam.
The Army Engineers complet
ed a spillway across it so
that the water can discharge
over the top without destroy
ing the "quake dam."
The earthquake has been
assigned the tentative magni
tude of 7.1 by on authority
and 7.8 by another.
Wall Settled Little
The man-made Hebgen dam,
located about five miles up
stream from "quake dam," is
composed of an earth and
rock fill, except that it has
a full height concrete wall
running along Its main axis
or core wall. Th concrete
core wall settled very little,
but the earth and rock around
it settled up to six feet and
contained fissures. Subse
quent examination showed
that, while damaged, the data
was still adequately safe.
Other effects, not so spec
tacular, are of considerable
scientific interest. About 15
miles of continuous ground
breakage north of Hebgen
lake clearly implied vertical
faulting, with the north .shore
of Hebgen lake dropping with
respect to the mountains near
by. South of the lake a small
amount of vertical faulting
was also noted. In all, there
were many breaks, and the
detailed pattern is complex.
Some of the surface breaks
formed cliffs which have been
measured at 20 feet in height;
these heights were consider
ably exaggerated by surface
effects and should not be con
sidered the amount of fault
movement in the rock below.
The over-all effect . of the
faulting was to "tilt" the land
block on jvhich Hebgen lake
sits. The south shore went up
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eight feet or more, leaving
docks out of water. Conver
sely, the north shore bank
perhaps up to the same
amount This sudden tilting of
the lake bottom caused a wa
ter wave which conservative
ly has been reliably meas
ured at three feet high in one
place and undoubtedly was
much higher in others. No
doubt the waters of the lake
"thrashed about" as was de
scribed by some.
Building damage was re-
Ashland Zoning
Ordinance Passed
Ashland The revised city
wide zoning ordinance for
Ashland has been passed
by the city council and sign
into law by Mayor Richard
L. Neill.
The council also approved
the appoinment of Robert
Piercy as city street superin
tendent, replacing Howard
Oden.
The approval of the ordi
nance,, which comprises prev
iously existing regulations
with revisions and amend
ments, followed a public hear
ing. City Superintendent E. C.
Biegel reported there was no
opposition at the hearing.
Piercy was formerly em
ployed by Cherf Brothers,
Sandkay and Birch, a con
tractor on the Talent Irriga
tion project. Oden, Biegel re
ported, left the city of Ash
land to become a caretaker
for the Talent Irrigation dis
trict. Dr. Taylor to Speak
At Klamath Falls
Ashland - "The Fourth Ap
plegate" is the title of an ad
dress to be presented by Dr.
S. Taylor, chairman of the
Southern Oregon college so
cial science division, at the
Eighth Annual Symposium of
Historical Societies of north
ern California and southern
Oregon in Klamath Falls,
which begins Friday, Oct. 2.
Dr. Taylor will be accom
panied by Dr. Frank D. Haines
Jr., and Dr. W. M. McKinney,
members of the social science
teaching staff, and will pre
sent his address at 10:15 a.m.
Saturday in the banquet room
of the Willard hotel.
According to Ken McLeod,
program chairman, the three
day symposium will conclude
Sunday morning with a num
ber of field trips to historical
sites in the Klamath basin.
Lots of Free
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markably slight, considering
the geologic and seismic evi
dences of a very strong shock.
A number of log cabins as
well as hollow unit masonry
structures were within yards
of the fault scarps, and these
in general were not seriously
damaged when not directly
astride the scarp. Buildings
across the fault were, of
course, ruined. Masonry chim
neys were generally, but not
universally damagasd or de
stroyed. Some of the log
cabins shifted on their found
ations, but rarely did they go
off their foundations. Some
loj buildings, located near the
lake shore where lurching oc
curred, had broken concrete
foundations. Masonry veneer
fell from some buildings.
Bridges located in poor
ground areas swung back and
forth; in one case it swung
at least 15 inches. This violent
motion damaged the rein
forced concrete supporting
beams of several bridges.
Predicting future earth
quakes as to time, location,
and intensity is, at present,
impossible. The entire region
is geologically young, and
destructive earthquakes hav
occurred in nearby regions.
Cerftainly we may expect
more shocks in Montana in
future years.
Undoubtedly this earth
quake was a "relieving"
shock in the sense that ac
cumulated strain was releas
ed. If this shock follows the
patterns of other western
American shocks, we may ex
pect a great number of after
shocks for a year or more,
with their epicenters varying
from the original epicenter.
Some of these aftershocks
could be of damaging intens
ity and represent a real life
hazard.
Graduate Work in
Plastics Off ered
Princeton, N. J. (Science
Service) - A unique program
of graduate work in plastics
is being offered at Princeton
University here.
Instruction covers basic
theory and properties, evalu
ation, production, fabrication,
design and application of ma
terials, as well as the chemis
try of plastics.
The program, which in
cludes lecture and laboratory
classes and contact with in
dustrial plastics plants, .leads
to the degree of Master of
Science in Engineering. Fel
lowships with stipends of
from $1,500 to $2,100 plus
tuition and fees are available.
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Mined-Out Areas
For Underground
Shelters Seen
Bedford Springs, Pa. -(Science
Service)- Conversion of
mined-out areas to under
ground shelters for industrial
plants and living accommoda
tions for employees and their
families was urged here today.
This would not only serve
as a major protection agaiiftt
fallout in the event of a nu
clear attack, but might even
deter anoenemy from making
such an attack, an industrialist
told the Society of Mining En
gineers of the American In
stitute of Mining, Metallurgi
cal aijd Petroleum Engineers.
Achieyemenis Told
Russell W. Hunt, president
of the Southwest Lime Com
pany, described his company's
achievements at its Neosho,
Mo., mine, where a two-year
reconstruction job has made
600,000 square feet available
as a strategic st.nraff conter
The work gas planned, he
said ' to provide emergency
shelter for the employees and
their families, a well as most
of the community.
Humidity control, exhaust
fans, and a reservoir and cep
well waterohave been provid
ed at Neosho. Eight-inch rein
forced concrete division waBs
are equipped wh approved
doors. Walls and ceiling are
white to give maximum light
ing nd to improjg appear
ance. G
- Commenting on his com
pany's coopeifction with he I
Defense Department, Hunt
said preliminary investiga
tions indicate that a small sub
sidy of the mining industry
would make it possible to bfive
underground space created
"very cheaply."
The subsidy might be thej
additional cost pv squarafoot
of underground mining ever
open quarry mining, hp suffr
gested. This should be suffi
cient to change 20 per cent
to 30 per cent of open quarry
ing to underground o aera
tions. . In any event, he said, the
Hale
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Company Develops
Stronger Firebrick
New York (Science Service)
- A stronger and improved
insulating firebrick said to be
lighter and lower in thermal
conductivity than any other
available firebrick has been
developed by the Babcock &
Wilcox Company here. The
firebrick meets the rugrjd re
quirements of furnace Guild
ers and operators in - the
metals, structural clay," petro
leum, chemical and glass in
dustries. Its clean surface af
fords a good bond when lav
ed up in a wall because the
mortar holds tightly. , The
brick can be tailor-cu drill
ed or shaped as desiredf elim
inating the need for costly
special shapes and delays in
volved jn obtaining them, q
maximum probable cost in
volved: in starting a program
of underground facilities is
small and "it is important to
get feel, as soon as possible,
to see how successful a large
program might be."
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MAIL TRIBUNE, MedforJ, Or.
Thursday, Oct. 1, 159
200 Sheets
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