EMMl Nations Third! Power on Scene
ff (Uneasy
DsraeH-Joirdami AraasfiBce
Br ELIAV SIMON
UPI Correspondanl
. Jerusalem- 0PD -When the
' British quit Palestine in 1948,
the Jews established the State
of Israel in part of the ter
ritory and the Kingdom of
Jordan annexed the rest.
But at the same time a.
third power came onto the
, scene-the United Nations. Al
though the physical area it
controls extends for no more
than a few hundred square
yards, its authority affects
both Israel and Jordan and
' its normal influence is per
haps greater than that of any
other power in the world.
The world organization was
the midwife of the 1947 de
cision to solve the Palestine
problem by partition. When,
in 1948 the Jews and Arabs
tested this solution by force
of arms, it was the UN which
stepped in to try to restore
peace.
Sill on Seen ,
inow, 11 years later, uie
midwife is still on the scene,
but in the guise of a guard
ian to watch over the uneasy
armistice on the Arab-Israel
borders to see that, even if
no official peace treaty has
yet been signed, war does
not flare into the open again.
The nerve center of the UN
Truce Supervision Organiza
tion is a palatial building on
the southern outskirts of Jeru
salem which once was the
residence of the High Com
missioners in the days of the
British mandate. Old 'tradi
tions die hard In the Holy
Land, and to this day it is
still referred to as "Govern
ment House."
Sandwiched between the
Israeli and Jordanian lines,
the building is in neither
country. The legend over the
main gateway proclaims it to
be the Headquarters of the
United Nations Truce Super
vision Organization in Pales-tine-probably
the only spot
in the whole country still of
ficially designed as Palestine.
Location Pointed Out
Wags delight in pointing
out that the geographic loca
tion of the headquarters is on
the Hill of Evil Counsel-the
name being derived from an
ancient tradition that the High
Priest Caiaphas had a coun
try house on top of the hill
and that it was there that the
plot against Jesus was hatch
ed. Christian legend also has
it that the repentant Judas
deliberately selected a tree in
the high priest's garden on
which to hang himself.
The headquarters staff are
literally men of two worlds,
and among the privileged few
permitted to enter both
worlds at will. One gateway
out of Government House
1ari. intn Tra1 Vio nVtar
into Jordan. The UN person
nel, in white-painted "jeeps
bearing huge UN markings on
the sides and roof, are a fa
miliar sight in both halves of
divided Jerusalem.
Altogether there are about
100 UN observers from 12 dif
ferent countries, ranging from
the U.S. to Ireland and from
Belgium to New Zealand. But
the majority of these are "in
the field" and serve with the
various Mixed Armistice Com
missioners on Israel's borders
with Jordan, Lebanon, Syria
and Egypt, respectively.
At Government House itself
is the headquarters staff of
some 10 officers, headed by
UN Chief of Staff Maj. Gen.
Carl von Horn, of Sweden
In addition to the UN observ
ers, there are a number of
personnel who serve in a
purely administrative capac
ity as secretaries, drivers,
telephonists, etc. .
Two-Year Duty
The observers serve for a
two-year spell of duty, on loan
from the armed forces of
their own countries. They
draw the same pay as they
would in their own army, but
get an additional UN allow
ance of $10 a day. There is
also the advantage of duty
free liquor and other goods
provided by the UN commis
sary.
At present there are 32 UN
observers attached to the Is
rael-Jordan Mixed Armistice
Commission (referred to as
MAC for short). This is based
in Jerusalem and holds its
meetings, attended by Israeli
and Jordanian representa
tives, in a shell-scarred build
in a near the Mandelbaura
Gate border, a few miles
north of Government House.
Biggest of the UN MAC
staffs is on the Israel-Syrian
Mixed Armistice Commission-
45 observers based in Damas-
MORE HOME BUYERS
Chicago-UPD-More families
plan to buy a house this year
than in either 1958 or 1957,
according to the United States
Savings and Loan league. It
cited a recent Federal Reserve
Board study which showed
that rougnly 9 3 per cent of
spending units surveyed
planned the purchase of a
home thif year, compared
with 7.5 per cent in 1958 and
8.7 P e te l957 -
cut (Syria) and Tiberias (Is
rael). The size of the Israel
Lebanese MAC, which has
only three UN observers, Is
indicative of the peace and
quiet on this border. The Israel-Egypt
MAC has a mere
seven UN members, but this
is because its work is cur
tailed due to the fact that
Israel decided to boycott it
some years ago on the grounds
that Egypt was continually
violating the armistice agree
ment on which that MAC was
based.
The 10 officers headed by
Maj. Gen. von Horn who are
based at Government House
in Jerusalem perform all the
functions of a military head
quarters. They keep in con
tact with the UN representa
tives on the Mixed Armistice
Commissions and are-also in
close touch with the UN Sec
retariat in New York.
To assist them on the spot
are a handful of civilian ad
visers and a press officer, Al
bert Grand, of Belgium-one
of the very few men in Jeru
salem who has two tele
phones on his desk linking
him with two mutually hos
tile countries. One phone con
nects him with the Jordan
exchange and the other to the
Israeli exchange. Grand, in
his charmingly accented Eng
lish, is equally adept at fend
ing off awkward queries from
newspapermen on either side
of the "line.".
Observers Unarmed
As men of peace whose job
is to stop any fighting which
might flare up, the UN ob
servers are unarmed. They are
familiar figures in Israel as
well as in the neighboring
Arab countries, but especial
ly in Jerusalem itself, site of
the Israel-Jordan MAC as well
as the UN Headquarters staff.
They have a choice as to
which side of the line they
will live on. If they choose
the Israeli side of Jerusalem,
they are assured of Western
amenities and a varied social
life-especially if they dare to
drive the 50 miles down to
Tel Aviv once in a while. If
they live in Jordan-held Jeru
salem, there will be fewer of
these amenities, and less of
a social life, but prices are
cheaper and their pay will go
further. Since they are per
mitted to cross the border at
will, many of them enjoy the
best of both worlds with lit
tle inconvenience. .
But if the UN staff can be
seen most .evenings in the lo
cal bars and nightspots, their
job is not without an element
of real danger. Last-' year a
Jordanian patrol fired on a
group of Israeli policemen
guarding the Old Hebrew
University-Hadassah Hospital
buildings on Mount Scopus,
an Israeli enclave on the out
skirts of eastern Jerusalem.
The chairman of the Israel
Jordan MAC, Col. George
Flint, from Canada, went to
the scene to try to arrange a
cease fire. By the time the
shooting had stopped, four Is
raeli policemen had been kill
ed. Next to their bodies was
found that of Col. Flint, shot
dead by a Jordanian bullet.
Similiarly, on the Syrian
Jordan border, another trou
ble spot, UN observers, man
ning observation posts along
both sides of the frontier,
have often found themselves
literally in the middle of the
shooting, with little more
than a white flag with which
to protect themselves."
. Today, more than 10 years
after the end of the Palestine
War, there is still no peace
in the Holy Land and the
shooting may blaze up along
the frontier for almost any
reason-or for no reason at all.
But until a proper peace is
concluded between Israel and
her neighbors, the UN will be
around, in strength and on
the spot, to put down the
flames.
g MAIL TRIBUNE, McdforJ, Or.
A Thursdiy, Jul 16, 15t
BUDGETS DON'T WORK
Ithaca, N. Y.-DPD-"Average
budgets made for average
families don't work," says
Dean Helen Canoyer of the
New York State College of
Home Economics.
"If there were .a formula
for budgeting family expendi
tures, and if we at the college
had such a formula, we'd
have a line at our door as
long as the line of family
budgets which have been tried
and discarded," she said.
Dean Canoyer recommend
ed that each family make its
own individual man for the
use of its income.
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