Obstacles Blocking
Use of Polio Syrup
For Immunization
Washington-(Science Serv-ice)-A
polio syrup can be
come a reality in the not-too-distant
future.
But before it can be pop
ped into the mouths of every
man, woman and child in the
world, it must hurdle at least
five barriers to prove to the
United States Public Health
9ervice that it will not cause
harm.
First of all, the polio syrup,
unlike the Salk vaccine, con
tains attenuated polio viruses.
This means that the viruses
are alive. Tests to date have
not established whether the
live viruses used in this newer
vaccine can actually cause the
disease in persojis or whether
it only builds up a sufficie.it
supply of antibodies to ward
off aa attack of polio.
It is also unknown at this
time whether the virus can
pass from vaccinated persons
to the invaccinated without
causing the disease in the non
immunized.. .
There are three types of
polio virus. Each builds up its
own protection system of anti
bodies within the body. The
USPHS has not received suf
ficient evidence that all three
types of,virus can be com
bined successfully into one
dose. Surgeon General'Leroy
E. Burney of the Service re
ported jn the Public Health
Reports here. .
Enough is not yet known
about the effects on the polio
viruses of other viruses nor
mally. found within the in
testinal tract. These viruses
may interfere with the de
velopment of immunity to
polio.:-
LastlyDr. Burney pointed
out, the exact meaning of re
sults obtained from the popu
I 0 l Jt I USE AS PRACTICAL I , f i
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lations that have teen in
oculated to date must be
further studied.
The polio syrup type of
vaccine has not been admin
istered on a trial basis in any
large body of persons in the
U. S. because a large portion
of the population here has
been immunized by the Salk
vaccine, he explained.
However, studies are being
conducted in ' A f r i c a and
Russia. At present, three sep
arate batches are being stud
ied. They are called the Sabin,
Lederle, and Koprowski
strains, named respectively
for their developers, Dr. Al-
Dert aaDin 01 me university
of Cincinnati, Lederle Labora
tories, and Dr. Hilary Koprow
ski of Wistar Institute of
Philadelphia.
News About
Servicemen
BASIC TRAINING -
Pvt. Sidney P. Peterson,
son of Bessie Peterson of Pros
pect, is taking basic training
at Ft. Ord, Calif. He entered
the Army in April.
ON CARRIER -
Three men from this area
are serving aboard the attack
aircraft carrier, USS Lexing
ton, on a tour of duty in the
Western Pacific. They are
Airman Apprentice Ronald A.
Ward, son of Mrs. D. B. Pat
ty of Central Point; Seaman
Charles M. Wells, son of Mr.
and Mrs. Charles M. Wells of
Eagle Point; and George M.
Miller, damage controlman
third class, son of Mr. and
Mrs. George W. Miller of Cave
Junction.
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Medfokd
2nd SECTION
POTATO CRISIS Pfc Ar
thur God was cleared by a
court-martial at Fort Myer,
Va., of charges that he im
properly peeled potatoes
while on KP. God . was
charged by his company
commander with destroying
government property, be
cause of the way he re
moved bad spots in potatoes
he was peeling. ,
HIGHER EDUCATION
Chicago - (UPD - The YMCA
announced , a summer course
in "the art of useless but en
joyable living." It will in
clude instruction in games
manship" "the art of Chinese
food," and "the philosophy of
cheese." ,
Cents
MEDFORD, OREGON,
Revolt by
Little Liklihood by Reporter
' (Editor'i note: This is th first
of three dispatches providing aa
appraisal of Russia today by a
United Press International corre
spondent who recently returned
to the United States from nearly
three years in the Soviet Union.)
By WHITMAN BASSO W
United Press International
Correspondent
Western statesmen who ex
pect the Soviet people to re
volt against Nikita Khrush
chev and his Communist re
gime have a long wait.
After almost three years in
Moscow, it is clear to me that
not only is there very little
likelihood this will happen,
but popular support for the
Kremlin and its rulers has
increased sharply since Stal
in's death in 1953.
During my stay in the So
viet Union, I talked with hun
dreds of Russians from all
walks of life including fac
tory workers, peasants, stu
dents, doctors, clerks and
street cleaners. Many were
only casual conversations in
parks, airplanes, restaurants,
in the streets and on the
beaches. But some were with
close .friends who frankly
shared their private thoughts
with me.
The Best System
The vast majority of these
people, while acknowledging
some shortcomings and . mis
takes of the regime, said they
were convinced that Commu
nism was the best system for
Russia. They conceded readily
that for the most part they
MONDAY, JUNE 22, 1959
Soviet People Given
had never known any other
way of life, but what they
had heard about "capitalist
democfacy" via the propa
ganda apparatus had not made
it an attractive alternative.
A few, of course, especially
those who suffered greatly un
der Stalin's terror, despise
and hate the system. . They
dream only of escape. .
The growing acceptance of
the present regime and its
goals is based mainly on two
developments which have af
fected the life of every Soviet
citizen:
1. The relaxation of con
trols and surveillance of the
individual, including the
downgrading of the police, the
increased freedom of thought,
expression and movement.
2. The striking rise in the
standard of living.
One of my closest Russian
friends was a newspaper pho
tographer. We saw each oth
er several times a week, often
ate together in restaurants,
visited each other's homes.
I once asked him whether
he was not concerned about
being seen so frequently with
an American newsman.
"Why should I be afraid?"
he replied. "The old system
is dead, buried with Stalin
and Beria. We are freer now,
not frightened of them (the
police).
Penetrated Barrier
"But a few years ago, you
arid I couldn't have been
54th Yea?
Tribune
Pages 1-8
friends. For me, it would have
been the end."
More easily than most
American correspondents I
was able to penetrate the in
visible barrier that divides
Russians from foreigners.
I spoke Russian fluently.
This enabled me to make a
fair number of friends whom
I saw regularly. I was often
invited to private homes
where I attended birthday par
ties, poetry readings, dinner
and once even a jazz concert
taped from the Voice of
America.
Are Russians afraid that
some day there might be a
return to the dark past, that
there might be another Stalin?
Oleg, a student friend, an
swered this way:
"Another Stalin? I don't
think so. Stalin was a tem
porary phenomenon .who ap
peared at a certain stage in
our country's development.
People were backward and
ignorant. Now we are prepar
ing to fly to Mars and Venus.
There is no place for a Stalin
-or his methods-any more.
"I see many things in our
country that are bad, but we
will root them out. We have
our shortcomings, of course,
but our country is young and
we can correct them. For us,
there is only one way-socialism."
Most Russians are critical
of many of the present con
ditions, but they complain
about shortcomings in hous
ing, shoes, combs, clothes, the
high price of meat, the scar
city of eggs and fruit-not the
basic structure of the regime,
the one-party system, the gov
ernmentrcontrolled press.
Khrushchev and his regime
have earned considerable pop
ular support by the steady
rise in living standards since
1953. The improvement was
strikingly obvious during my
three years in Moscow.
Cosmetics. Available
When I left Moscow, house
wives could buy all the pots
and pans they needed. Nylons
and blouses were plentiful,
though not of the best quality,
and expensive.' Lipstick and
other cosmetics were easy to
obtain and even skin cream
-with lanolin-was on sale.
Fresh milk, which was al
most impossible to get regu
larly in 1955, was even being
delivered to the door.
Despite the recent gains,
the Russian standard of liv
ing remains low by U.S. stand
ards, and by the standards
of such countries as France
and Italy. Most Russians say,
however, that they are better
than ever before, that things
will improve. They are confi
dent . that past and present
sacrifices will create a more
prosperous life for themselves
and their children.
(Next: Internal Stability.)
French Singer
Returns To Paris
Paris - (UPD - Edith Piaf
was back today in the Paris
she loves with two very per
sonal exDort items ! from
America, new found health
and a young U.S. male friend.
Looking fit as a firirH
France's idolized song star
flew in Sunday from New
York where she convalesced
I three months from a major
operation.
Hand in hand with her was
tall, personable U.S. painter
Douglas Davis, 31.
This one sines onlv in the
bathtub," Piaf, 43, was quoted
as telling her friends.
Piaf said that after three
more weeks of rest in France
she intends to start stage ap
pearances , again, with an
other American singing tour
slated for next March.
SMILING happily, Dr. M. N.
Eisendrath, president of Un
ion or American iieDrew
Congregations, hears he was
named 1959 Clergyman of
Year. He lives in New York.
Harriman Denied
Visit to Red China
Moscow - (CPD - Averell
Harriman disclosed today that
Peiping had turned down his
request to visit Communist
China.
The former New York
state governor told a press
conference he received the
word through the Chinese
embassy in Moscow. He said
he was told, however, it
"might be convenient next
year,"
Harriman, former ambas
sador to Moscow, has just
completed a 16,000-mile tour
of the Soviet Union. During
the six week trip he was
given the warmest welcome
of any American visitor here
in recent years.
Harriman applied for ihs
visia to Communist China six
weeks ago with the approval
of the U.S. State Department.
Oakridge Youth
Killed in Wreck
t
Eugene - (UPD An Oak
ridge youth was killed and
another critically hurt Sun
day when their automobile
crashed into a ditch on a
curve on Highway 58 west
of Oakridge.
Killed was John King Sny
der, 19. Peter Henry Hed
ricks, 20, also of Oakridge,
was taken to Sacred Heart
hospital here where atten
dants late Sunday said his
condition was critical.
Both were thrown from the
car, state police said.
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London Silent on Release of Fuchs
London - (UPD Government
officials refused today to con
firm or deny that atomic spy
Klaus Fuchs was about to be
released from Wakefield
prison. Home office officials
all but denied they knew he
existed.
Persistent press reports
said Fuchs, who gave Russia
the secret of the atom bomb,
would be released today but
a Home Office spokesman
said after persistent question
ing "I have no information
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London newspapers
the security over FuchJ)
whereabouts was drawn
cover his release from prfep
and his departure for Commu
nist East Germany. The v '
ning News said Scot$n
Yard and military inteligenc
were anxious he not talk be
fore leaving the country.
The News Chronicle sai
the release would come today.
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