o . ; " , " .
Practice of 'Featherbedding' Said to Cost Nation's Railroads s500 Million Each Year
Washington (LTD - The loco
motive engineer climbed
down from his cab in Wash
ington after a four-hoar run
from New York City. Six
hours later he was at the
throttle to start the return
trip.
When his train pulled into
Pennsylvania Station, 14
hours after he left it, he had
earned 4V days' pay under
a system dating back to" World
War I by which miles, . not
hours, often fix the wages of
train crews.'
The Association of Ameri
can Railroads cites the Washington-New
York run as a typ
ical example of alleged "fea
therbedding" which it says
costs the railroads 500 million
dollars a year.
AAR President Daniel P.
Loomis raised the issue in a
recent speech attacking this
"obsolete" pay system, rigid
jurisdictional walls erected by
unions and the presence of
firemen and brakemen on
modern diesel trains.
Officials To Blame
Railways labor unions are
counter-attacking with charg
es that featherbedding among
the railroad's own high-paid
officials is equally to blame
for the industry's current
plight. They say that while
the number of rail workers
in the U.S. has dropped from
1,800,000 to 800,000, the num
ber of management officials
has remained at -16,000. They
dismiss Loomis' criticism of
present operating rules as
"pure hokum."
Dictionaries define feather
bedding as "requiring an em
ployer to pay unneeded work
men, or to pay for unneces
sary or duplicating jobs, or
limiting the amount of work
to be done in a day as a
means of stretching work."
Some business groups" are
I calling for a tougher Federal
AtlES
MAR. 22
JCAPR. 20
3- 8-10-23
'28-50-83451
STAR GAZEKV
By CLAY R. POLLAN-
TAUIUS
APR. 21
MAY 21
37-47-48
MAY 22
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JUNE 23
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JULY 24
AUG. 23
55-58
70-75-794
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AUG. 74
SEPT. 22
,12-16-40-451
45-5Z-W
M Yoor Daily Activity Guide JK
According to h Stars.
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read words corresponding to numbers
of your Zodiac birth sign.
SEPT. 23
OCT. 23
bl-29-32-38fOl
141-46-61
1 Be 31 Carefully 61 Dark
2 Alert 32 in s 62 D,et
3 Today's 33 Pleosont 63 Or
4 Interesting 34 You'll 64 Come
5 Try 35 Devote 65 At
6 The 36 Get 66 This
7 News 37CAh 67 And
8 Event: 38 Walking 63 Valuables
' 9 Good 39 Time 69 Improve .
1 0 Will 40 Remain 70 Means
11 Don't 41 In 71 Than
12 If ' 42 Calm 72 Benefit '
13 You 43 Consider 73 And
14 Wart 44 New 74 Time
15 You've 45 Your 75 Of
16 You 46 The 76 Making
17 More 47 Or 77 Cooperation
18 Should 48 Before 78 Today
19 And 49 News 79 Increasing
20 Should 50 Your 80 Big
21 Use 51 Prone " 81 Changes
22 Neighbor 52 Chances 82 You
23 Risk 53 RewoKls 83 Financial
24 Policy 54 To 84 Gain ,
25 Work 55 Ways 85Advontoge
26 Think 56 Charm 86 Income
27 You'll. ,57 And 87 Recognition
28To 58 And 88 Suspect
29 Caution 59 Health 89 Personal
30 Hear 60 Ability 90 Appearance
Good () Adverse )nIukJ
B4-27-72
scoeno
OCT. 24 Wi
NOV. 22
5- 6- 9-221
SAGITTARIUS
NOV. 23
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04-36-51-:
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CAnncoerr
JAN. 20
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AQUARIUS
LAN. 21
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FEB. 20
MAR. 21
I60-71-82-8&VS4
DOLLAR A POUND "
Berlin, Conn.-(DPD-Mrs. De
lores R. Harrison, whose ap
pearance in court on a traffic
charge was delayed by the ar
rival of her baby, was asked
by the judge how much the
child weighed. Seven pounds,
said Mrs. Harrison proudly.
"I fine you seven dollars,"
said the judge.
law . against featherbedding.
The U.S. Chamber of Com
merce, which estimated re
cently that "m ake-work"
wastes billions of dollars each
year, said such a ban would
ease inflationary pressures.
The Taft-Hartley . Act con
tains a provision aimed at this
practice, but business spokes-i
men contend that it 'has not
been effective.
Waste No. Violation . - - ,
The law bans payments for
"services which are. not per
formed or to be performed."
The Supreme Court ruled in
1953, however, that "waste
ful" practices did not violate
the law if services were per
formed. The railroads want a Presi
dential commission to investi
gate their charges. They hope
to match the results in 'Can
ada, where a Royal Commis
sion ruled recently that fire
men were not needed on
freight or yard diesel engines
and recommended ' gradual
elimination of their jobs. "' -
Loomis said .the carriers
cojild save more than 200 mil
lion dollars a year by elimin
ating the firemen who "tend
no fires" on diesels. Another
90 million dollars could be
saved annually by removal of
brakemen "who tend, .no
brakes," he added.
Rail labor leaders immedi
ately charged that the carri
ers were willing to sacrifice
safety to save payroll costs.
Unions insist that the fireman
now acts as "co-pilot" on the
trains while mrakeemn are
.valuable troubleshooters who
help prevent wrecks.
The method of calculating
pay for engineers, firemen,
conductors, and 'hrakemen be
gan in 1919 and has been fro
zen into labor contracts ever
since. - '
' A passenger train engineer,
for example, receives his bas
ic day's pay for covering 100
miles or putting in five hours,
whichever comes first. So the
engineer on the 225-mile
Washington-New York run re
ceives 2VS times his basic pay
for the trip, or iVz times his
basic pay for a round-trip.
Train Speeds Doubled
Some engine crews on high
ly prized "red apple" runs
make their basic pay rang- ver to Chicago, Loomis said
: - . Ji : r
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thctt
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This is possible because aver
age train speeds have doubled
in the past 40 years.
But H. E. Gilbert, president
of. the Locomotive Firemen
and Enginemen, says r a i n
crews often work moire than
eight hours a day without get
ting overtime. They do not
draw holiday pay, extra pay
for night work or out-of-town
expenses, he added.
That engineer going from
New York to Washington col
lects no wages during his six
hour layover, Gilbert noted.
Railroad company spokes
men also are challenging the
traditional jurisdictional bar
riers separating "road" and
"yard" work. If a yard engin
eer crosses into, road crew ter
ritory, or vice versa, he quali
fies for an extra day's pay.
Forced To Change Crews
The rules also say that em
ployees within each division
have the right to run all
trains in their bailiwick. This
forces railroads to change
crews eight times on a pas
senger train going from Den-
The Railway Labor Execu
tives Association, voice of the
23 rail unions, charged that
the featherbedding fuss is just
the opening gun in the 1959
wage negotiations.
Loomis, blaming the old
rules for wiping out, thous
ands of rail jobs, said union
cooperation in changing them
would enable railroads to
streamline service and create
new employment.
"Another kincl of alleged
featherbedding has been in
volved in a labor dispute con
cernmg 11 newspaper publish
ers in New York. They' have
been fighting a battle that
could lead to nation-wide
changes in International Typo
graphical Union contracts
with more than 1,000 daily
papers.: .
Entitled To Set Type
- Under ITU pacts, union
members are entitled to set
type for local advertisements
even when they are received
by the paper in plate or mat
form that is all ready to pub
lish. '
This practice, started right
after the Civil War to curb
the exchange of ads between
newspaper owners in the same
town. ITU officials contend it
is still necessary in order to
protect the jobs of union mem
bers. V
But the publishers denounce
it as pure waste. The ads in
question are thrown away af
ter they are set in type,"" as
sembled, proofread and cor
rected by printers who often
earn more than three dollars
an hour,
Charles E. Clark, a. consult
ant to the American Newspa
per Publishers Association, es
timated that such "bogus" ads
cost the industry several mil
lion dollars a year.
Airline Accused
While most campaigns
against . featherbedding are
aimed at unions, the Flight
Enginers' International Asso
ciation, itself a union, recent
ly accused American Airlines
of featherbedding by adding a
fourth man to the flying crews
of jet transports.
The Engineers and the Air
Line Pilots Association had
waged a bitter verbal battle
over whether the f'third man'
in jet cockpits should be qual
ified as an engineer or a pi
lot. ' '
Rather, than risk a strike
by either group, American
compromised by retaining the
engineer and adding another
pilot-trained crewman
The Engineers complained
that there wasn't room in
some cockpits for the fourth
man to sit down, much less
any work for him to do.
New technology makes
strange featherbed-fellows. .
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