0
O
o
Today Cb Tomorrow
ly Walter aippmana
Walter
Uspouaa
THE PURSUIT OF
EXCELLENCE
The report of the Presi
dent's Science Advisory Com
mittee, of which Dr. Killian
was the chair
jnan, was pub
lished about
.ten days ago.
It had a gen
.eral blfesin
from the Pres-
ident who
said that he
-ho pe d it
would be
.widely read
and that it would stimulate
a wider understanding of the
importance of excellence in
our educational system.
Among the crucial ideas
that need a wider understand
ing is the conclusion of the
report that "doubling our cur
rent annual investment in' ed
ucation is probably a minimal
rather than an extravagant
goal." This does not mean, of
course, that if we dpent twice
as much on our schools, they
could automatically become
twice as good. The sponsors
of the report are among the
most distinguished men in
American science, and they
make it dear that to improve
American education very im
portant reforms are needed in
the recruiting of teachers and
in the curricula which they
teach. '
What they do say is that
these reforms will have to be
paid for and they imp that
no one is really serious about
the improvement of educa
tion wio does not want to
think about raising more mon
ey. ' -
THE best discussion of the
problem of money and ed
ucation is to be found, in the
Rockefeller Brothers ;fieport
under the title of "The Pur
tuit of Excellence." To see
the problem clearly, sajg the
report, we must realize that
since 1870 "we have heaped
upon our educators one of the
mcft heroic assignments a so
ciety could have invented."
The assignment has been to
educate the who mag; of
the American people. Be
tween 1870 and 1955 our pop
ulation has been ngyltiplied
by four. But the number of
students in our public high
schools hat multiplied ap
proximately 80 times.
In a period of three-quarters
of century "we have
taken into the school system
a greater proportion of our
youngsters and we have kept
more of them in the system
longer than any other nation."
Sheer size and mass are not
the only, but surely they are
the main reasons, why our
educational system is so far
short of being excellent.
POUCATION on such a
scale, if it is to be good
for the great mass and excel
lent for the very gifted few,
is bound to be expensive. As
of 1955, the most recent year
for which figures are avail
able, the total spent in this
country on education was $14
billion a year. This breaks
down into- $9.4 billion for
public elementary and secon
dary schools, $1.2 billion for
private elementary and sec
ondary schools, $1.5 billion
for public higher education,
and $1.9 bilMon for private
higher education.
The President's Science Ad
visory Committee and the
Rockefeller Brothers Report
agree that the total of $14
billion will have to be dou
bled if education is to be good
enoug hfor the times we live
in. As the two groups which
concur in this conclusion are
composed of eminent, very
highly qualified, and widely
experienced men, we may as
sume that they know what
they are talking about. In
deed, so far as 1 know, no
one has seriously disputed
their conclusion.
THE real question is how
to raise the money. Here
we iay begin by insisting
that this country can indubi
tably afford to raise the mon
ey. From 1930 to 1957, the
expenditure on education was
more or less stationary at
about 3.5 per cent of the
Gross National Product. It has
now risen to about 4 per cent.
As the Gross National Prod
uct has risen since 1930, the
amount spent on education
has risen too. But it has not
risen fast enough to keep pace
with the rise in enrollments.
Thus, in fact, less money is
available for each pupil.
There is more money. But the
school population is much
bigger. There is, therefore, a
growing shortage in our edu
cational facilities, in class
rooms, and in teachers and
the like, to deal with our ex
panding population. (
If we adopt the concision
of the President's Committee,
we should be prepared to
spend, by say 1967, something
like $30 billion. It is gener
ally estimated that by 1967
the Gross National Product
will be around $600 billion.
Thus, the expenditure for ed
ucation would rise from about
4 per cent, as at present, to
about 5 per cent of the Gross
National Product.
THIS percentage looks small,
but the real figures are
big, and the most difficult
question arises as to how
these extra $15 billion a year
are to be raised. Most of us
would prefer to have them
raised locally. But we cannot
be dogmatic and absolute
about this preference.
In the past 25 years there
has been a drastic shift in the
burden of school support from
the local governments to the
state governments. Whereas
in 1930 the state governments
carried only 17 per cent of
the load,, by 1954 they were
carrying 37 per cent. There is
no use expecting or hoping
that the whole new burden of
costs can be borne by the
states. For, as the Rockefell
er Report says, "state and lo
cal tax systems are in some
respects archaic," chiefly be
cause of their dependence up
on the real property tax.
There is no escape from the
conclusion that if the new and
necessary costs are to be met,
if they are not to be ignored
and neglected, we shall have
to raise some considerable
part of them out of Federal
taxes. This is bound to hap-'
pen, and the sooner we face
up to the necessity, the more
likely are we to be prepared
to act with deliberation and
with awareness of the haz
ards, and with wisdom,
(c) 1959 New York
Herald Tribune, Inc.
m -J' ii
VISIT FROM TAIWAN Two Nationalist
Chinese, Charles T. C .Yih (above, center)
and Henry Y. N. Wu (right) are spending
three weeks here touring installations of the
California Oregon Power company. They
are officials of the Taiwan Power company.
Henry Fisher, chief electrical engineer for
Officials of Taiwan
Power Company Are
Visiting in Area
the company (left) and other Copco officials
have been their hosts on the tours. Yin is
chief of the electrical engineering division
in the Kaohsiung district office and Wu 'is ,
chief of the distribution department in the "
Taipei district office.
The labor department of
Canada reports .that most im
migrants of recent years are
settling in industrialized areas
rather than on farms.
More than two million ton
miles of air freight and car
go are flown in the United
States every 24 hours.
Two officials of the Taiwan
Power company, Charles T. C.
Yin and Henry Y. N. Wa, are
spending three weeks in Med
ford studying operations of
the California Oregon Power
company.
Yin is chief of the electrical
engineering division of the
Kaohsiung district office, and
Wu is chief of the distribution
department, Taipei district of
fice. - .,' ," ,
The two have been accom
panied by Henry Fisher, chief
electrical engineer, and other
Copco personnel on their
visits to the power company's
installations.. They are on a
six-month tour of similar
companies in the United
States under sponsorship of
the Internation Cooperation
administration" as part of its
Technical Cooperation proj
ect. Yin and Wu said they were
especially interested in learn
ing how to prevent power in
terruptions, to use modern
tools and to, reduce power
loss. The Taiwan company,
which is the mountainous is
land's only electric power
source, suffers power inter
ruptions from falling trees,
lightning and typhoons. .
The guests attended -Med-ford
High school commence
ment exercises Thursday
night, at which Fisher's daugh
ter, Karen, was graduated. Wu
has a son and daughter who
will graduate from school in
Taiwan in July.
Wednesday they visited Dr.
D. Kirkland West, pastor of
the First Presbyterian church,
who was a former missionary
in China. They expressed their
enjoyment of the conversation
in Chinese with Dr. West and
described his use of the Chi
nese language as "perfect
Mandarin." '
Grateful for Visit
They also said they were
grateful to the American peo
ple and the United States gov
ernment for making their trip
possible.
" Following their Medford
visit, the men will continue
to . San Francisco, Los An
geles, Phoenix,1 Albuquerque,
New. York and Washington,
D.C.
Copco officials said they
will be hosts next week to
an Iranian who is visiting the
United States under the spon
sorship of - Morrison-Knudsen
Construction company.
Kentucky was formed into
a colony of Virginia in 1776
and was admitted to the Un
ion as a state in 1792.
0
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Sen. Morse Gels
Award for Service
Washington S e n. Wayne
Morse (D., Ore.) last week was
honored with an award "For
Distinguished Service to the
Welfare of Senior Citizens,"
by the Retired members of the
Retail, Wholesale, and De
partment Store Union, Dist
rict 65.
The award was presented to
Morse in New York City by
the Union's Retirement Direc
tor, Jack Ossofsky.
In his presentation snepph
Ossofsky mentioned Morse's
autnorsmp of the new railroad
retirement bill recentlv sicmpri
into law by the President,
raising retirement benefits for
railroad employees by 10 per
cent. He declared that Mors
was also being honored for
his sponsorship in the Senate
ol legislation to add health in
surance to the retirement
benefits of social security.
Timber Products Alan
To Attend Program '
Donald C. Jackson, assist
ant general manager of Tim
ber Products company, Med
ford, has enrolled for the sec
ond term in the University of
Colorado executive develop
ment program June 28-July
11, the university has announced.
Sponsored by the school of
business, the two-year pro
gram is designed to encourage
individual development in
creative thinking and in meet
ing new and changing condi
tions. It started last year to
assist promising young execu
tives and the firms for which
they work. i
MENTAL CHECK ORDERED
New Orleans -UPD , An 11-
year-old boy has been ordered
committed for an additional
30-day period of psychiatric
observation in the slaying of
a young girl. Juvenile Judge
John J. Wingrave committed
Edwin Herty Thursday to the
East Louisiana Hospital at
Mandeville for observation.
Herty, an honor student, is
charged with sexually molest
ing and then fatally stabbing
a 12-year-old girl in a black
berry patch.
Almost one-third of the au
tomobiles in use in the United
States are estimated to be Id
years old and some are much
older than that.
MAIL TRIBUNE, Medford, Or. C -Sunday,
June 7, 1959
Committee Favors
Neuberger's Bill
Washington-rtJPD-The Senate)
Interior committee Friday re
ported outOfavorablv Sen.
Richard L. Neuberger's bill to
exempt from state and fed
eral taxes monev naid to In-.
dians for loss of fishing rights
at Celilo Falls on the Colum
bia river.
About $25 million was Daid
to the Yakima, Warm Springs,
Umatilla and Nez Perce In
dians when the site was flood
ed by The Dalles dam.
SUM HEAR!
Frank (Frankie) Still
NATIONALLY
KNOWN ORGANIST
Playing and Demonstrating
O
Baldwin Organ
at
J. II. (Johnny) LUSK PIANO CO.
333 South Riverside
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