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By February, '52
'Rich Gulch' Was
Lined With Miners
(Editor's sol:' This is the
' first in scries of articles re
printed from material com
piled by the Jackson County
Chamber of Commerce. The
series concerns historical
Botes of Jacksonville, Med-
ford, and the fruit industry
in the Rogue valley, and In
diaa wars of the Rogue val
'lev.
The folders were published
by the chamber to be distrib
uted during Oregon's Ceaten-
nial Tear. Material in the fold
ers was obtained from "A His-
- lory of Southern Oregon, by
A. G. Walling, piublisnea in
1884; "A Brief History of
Jacksonville." br the Rev
E. M. Mallery. published An
1939: and "Historical Jack
sonville." published by the
' Southern Oregon Historical
Society. Inc.. in 1950.)
Late in 1851 gold was first
discovered on Daisy creek by
-two packers passing through
the Roeue valley. They gave
the information to James
Cluggage and J. R. Poole who
filed a joint claim with James
Skinner and a Mr. Wilson on
400 feet of "Rich Gulch" near
the crossing on Oregon st.
Bv February of 1852 word
had leaked out and every foot
of the gulch was staked and
claimed. By March the sur
rounding hills and gulches
were likewise claimed and
- miners swarmed into the area
despite the evident hostility
a 4k TnHidna
Things - happened fast. In
. February, a trading post was
opened in a tent operated by
two Dackers from Yreka,
Calif. Others followed. In
March, the first log cabin was
erected near the head of Main
Lumber was whipsawed
and sold for $250 per thous
and. Clapboard houses with
real sawed doors and frame
windows, began to appear in
the tent city. By the end of
summer in 1852, Jacksonville
began to emerge as a substan
tial community.
Growth to Community
The gold attracted gam
blers, courtesans and sharp
ers of every kind. Saloons
multiplied rapidly with monte
and faro games going full
blast to the strains of lively
music luring both the miner
and his gold.
Crime during this early pe
riod was surprisingly rare.
There was no organized law
br enforcement. Pioneer jus
tice was administered by the
people's court, prompted on
the spot to fit specific cases.
Findings were amazingly
correct; , punishment . was se
' vere, swift and certain. A
gambler named Brown was
sentenced and hanged for
murder by the first of such
courts in 1852.
The winter of 1852 began
with a heavy snowfall in No
vember, blocking all trails.
Demands outweighed the slim '
supplies. Flour rose to one:
dollar a pound and tobacco to I
one dollar an ounce. Salt, j
worth its weight in gold, was j.
measured in small amounts j
on scales and balanced by an !
equal amount of gold dust as j
payment -rated at $16 an!
ounce.
Handsome profits were
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so far because most of the
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d itrewg odd (. Wfcaa i
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made by adventurers who
crossed the mountains on
snowshoes and returned with
limited supplies.
Indian Wars '
The vear 1853 brought trou
ble to Jacksonville. Indians
had attacked settlers in the
outlying districts. Tom Wills
was shot by Indians near the
edge of town. Soon after, a
man named Nolan was shqt
dead in the streets oi jacKson
ville.
The townspeople were poor
ly armed and there was
scarcelv a bulletproof build
ing in town. Pickets were
thrown out nightly to guard
aeainst surprise.
Shortly after the deatn oi
Nolan, two Indian boys wan
dered into town end were
lynched by" a crowd whose
emotions overcame good judg
ment. The action was later
reeretted.
This marked the last ses
sion of the people's court. It
may have prompted the series
of reprisals by the Indians
aeainst white families in the
valley and counter actions by
whites against Indians which
were to follow spasmodically
until peace was finally real
ized in 1856.
Social Growth
As more families moved in,
society began to crystallize,
forming its caste system ana
establishing social limits. The
ladies embarked upon a
course of refinement and suc
ceeded in bringing about
more conventional dress and
manners.
The full-bearded gold seek
er attired in red shirt and gal
luses found the "boiled shirt
and white vest essential for
competition in ladies society
with the young bloods of that
day.
With the increase of family
groups, a school became nec
essary. Early in the winter of
1853 one was organized by
Miss Emma Royal who se
cured generous contributions
from the miners. The single
room cabin located on the
Old Stage rd. served the com
munity's needs until 1867.
A Methodist church was
founded in 1853 by the Rev.
Joseph F. Smith. Funds were
solicited, among the miners by
a Miss Overbeck, Miss Royal
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and the pastor's wife. The
church, completed in 1854,
was built of hewn logs with a
roof of handmade shakes and
is said to be the first Protest
ant church in southern Ore
gon.
Also in 1853. the Rev.
James Croke, a missionary of
the archdiocese of Oregon.
visited Jacksonville and cele
brated the first mass. By 1855
a steadfast Catholic group
was organized. Early in 1858-
a church building was under
construction. The first service
were conducted in November
of that year.
Although a Presbyterian
church was organized in Jack
sonville as early as 1857, the
building was not erected un
til 1880. Considered the finest
in southern Oregon, it was
built of sugar pme hauled by
wagon from Roseburg. Its
stained glass wmdows were
brought around the horn!
Law and Order
It seems the earlier people's
court was more effective than
that organized later under the
tentorial laws
with judicial
a p pointments
granted in
Washington,
D. C. Records
of 1854 show
an a 1 a rming
i n c r e ase of
murder. raDe and larceny.
The Honorable Mathew
Deadv. known for his excel
lent judicial record, was re
placed by O. B. McFadden, a
citizen of Pennsylvania, who
opened court in a building
next to the "New State 5a
loon."
Establishment of a formal
court seems not to have made
an immediate impression upon
the criminal element. Deaay
was later reinstated and Mc
Fadden was transferred to
Washington Territory.
Jacksonville was incorpo
rated in 1860 and the town
council found it necessary to
adopt regulatory ordinances
for the common good of the
entire community.
Ordinance No. 2 passed by
the town council prohibited
"the furious riding or driving
of horses through the streets
with any more speed than an
ordinary trot.
Ordinance No. 3 prohibited
livestock from "loitering" on
the sidewalk.
The seventh ordinance, also
passed in 1860, prevented In-
Southbourne. England-(DPD-
The Royal Society For The
Prevention of Cruelty to An-
mals announced that a black
cat named Micky - escaped
from from a dog and cat hos
pital a few hours before the
will of his late owner, Mfs.
Susan Thompson, was read.
The will left Micky $1,400
ks, Wei
MAKING OUR SPOTLIGHT CONTEST A SUCCESS!
dians from camping within
the city limits. An ordinance
passed in 1868 provides for
the compulsory vaccination
against smallpox and fines oi
$100 or 20 days in jail for fail
ure to comply.
Commerce and Industry
At the close of 1853, Jack
sonville was the trade center
and distribution point for a
large, rich agricultural area.
A brick kiln was set up and
the first store of Morf ord and
Davis was started. A hotel,
The Robinson House, stood
on the site of the present
United States Hotel. The com
munity had a flourishing car
penter shop, bakery, furniture
shop, and blacksmith shop.
C. C. Beekman served the
communications firm of Cram,
Rogers and Company as dis
patch messenger, regularly
carrying letters and gold dust
at night across danger ridden
Siskiyou trails to Crescent
City. From 1857 to 1912 he
owned and operated a pros
perous bank which handled
ai million in gold dust.
Jacksonville became the
main route for freight wagons
from Crescent City and a
main stop for the Overland
Stage from Sacramento to
Portland-a 13-day trip.
The Table Rock Sentinel,
established in 1855 by T'
Vault. Taylor and Blakely,
was the first of 12 newspapers
in the southern Oregon com
munity between 1855 and
1872.
Disasters
Late in the fall of 1868,
physicians diagnosed a case of
chickenpox among half-breed
Indians near town. Their er
ror was soon apparent when
the, case turnd out to be small
pox of the . most virulent
form.
Alarm spread! The town
was quarantined, public gath
erings forbidden. A pest house
was established but the dis
ease spread rapidly. Day and
nicht anxious Deople grouped
around pitch pine fires built
in the streets.. The smoke was
thought to ward off the dis
ease.
Forty deaths occurred be
fore the epidemic wore itself
out.
In 1869 a cloudburst about
a mile and a half west of town
suddenly turned Jacksonville
streets into flowing rivers,
ghbors.
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-RfliDNEGHT fcY - 95.3 Megacycles
bringing stumps, cattle and
mining apparatus from the
upper gulches.
In Our Time
Today Jacksonville stands
much as it did a hundred
years ago. Many of its old
buildings are remarkably well
preserved.
Formerly the county seat,
its courthouse now serves as
one of the finest free histori
cal museums in the state of
Oregon. Its population totals
about 1,200 people, something
less than the number during
the boom days of the gold
rush.
Much information is still
obtainable from residential
did timers whose remarkable
memories afford a wealth of
historical lore. Efforts are be
ing made by many interested
grouDs to work with Jackson
ville tieoDle on the preserva
tion of the more significant
sites whose historical value
increases with each year.
Jackson County
Chamber of Commerce
1959
Officer Reports to
Forest Service
Merlin C. Shipley reported
last week to Medford as ad
ministrative officer on the
Rogue River National forest,
Supervisor Carroll E. Brown,
has announced.
The Shipley's have four
children, two daughters, Jean
ne and Ann, who are married
and living in Salt Lake City,
Utah, and College Station,
Tex., and two sons, Lewis and
Stephen. Lewis is attending
National Guard Train
ing camp at Ft. Ord, Calif.,
and will move to Medford in
August. Stephen is finishing
the eighth grade in Corvallis
where he and Mrs. Shipley
will , stay until school is out
in June. v
. Shipley has had consider
able experience in the - bus
iness management activities of
the forest service. His first
appointment was on the Tar-
ghee National Forest at St
Anthony. Idaho, the old Pow
ell Forest (now Dixie) at
Panguitch, Utah, the Teton
Forest at Jackson, Wyo., th
Uinta Forest at Provo. Utah.
and recently on the Siuslaw
National Forest at Corvallis
From 1935 until 1941 he
worked on the Shelterbelt
project with headquarters at
Brookings, So. Dak., and
Jamestown, No. Dak.
Shipley attended Utah
State university at Logan,
Utah, where he graduated in
1930 with a bachelor's degree
in business administration. He
was a member of the Alpha
GRANGE NEWS
Pomona Grange
The second Quarterly meet
ing of 1959 was held by Jack
son County Pomona Grange
in the Gold Hill Grange hall
April 25. It was well attend
ed, with all officers present
except Executive Committee
man Delmar Smith.
Visitors included Mr. and
Mrs. Woodcock of Humboldt
County Pomona, Mr. and Mrs.
Densmore, former members
now living in Roseburg. and
Nora Cracroft, HEC chairman
of district 6. t
Committee reports showed
that cattlemen are the only
farmers still enjoying good
prices. Poultrymen are ex
periencing the lowest prices
in 15 years, on both eggs and
poultry. Carloads of pears be
ing shipped in from Argen
tine have depressed returns
on our local peats.
Support Fund
Bost District HEC Chair
man Nora Cracroft and Edith
Poe sooke urging the subordi
nate Granges, as well as the
HEC's. to support the Spence
Memorial Scholarship fund,
to make certain a scholarship
is available from this district.
During the memorial serv
ice conducted by Chaplain
Hattie Hendrickson the fol
lowing- former members of
Jackson County Pomona
Grange were honored: Her
bert VanGordon, Roxy Ann
Grange: Ida B. Otto, Shady
Cove: J. Fred Engel, Bell-
view; Harry E. Harding, Up
per Rogue; R. Bruce Grieve,
Upper Rogue; and Gertrude
E. Lewin. Phoenix.
During the afternoon ses
sion Edith Poe and Lecturer
Mabel Wertz also were hon
ored, the former being pre
sented a past HEC chairman's
pin and the latter receiving
a blue ribbon award for her
entry in the 1958 National
Grange Achievement Project,
and a Gold Star award for
her reports at the state level.
- One resolution was passed
opposing the , house bill 848.
which reauires that bids be
cajled for on all county and
state work estimated to ex
ceed $5,000. It was opposed
on the grounds that the bene
fits accruing from such a law
would not be great enough to
offset the hardships resulting
from it.
Special Committee
Appointed to a special com
mittee to arrange chuck wag
on breakfasts throughout the
county in connection with the
Kanna Psi and Phi Kappa
Iota fraternities. Mrs. Shipley
was a member of the Beta
Delta sorority.
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Medford, Oregon
Centennial celebration were
Cora Bitterling. Lillian Force
and Edith Poe.
It was voted to invite
Klamath County Pomona
Grange to bring candidates
for the fifth degree to the
May 23 meeting of Jackson
County Pomona Grange. This
will be held in the Central
Point Grange hall at 8 pjn.
Rehearsal for the ceremony
will be held there Sunday,
May 17 at 7:30 pjn.
Announcement was made ol
a public dinner to be given
by the Upper Applegate
Grange on Mother's Day,
serving to start at 12:30 p.m.
Gold Hill Grange hall was
offered by Master Charles
Foote for the October meeting
of Jackson County Grange
Council. The husband of HEC
Chairman Cassie Golding was
reported to be seriously ill.
The Shady Cove Grange
met Saturday. May 2. with
Master Ed Houston presiding.
There was a good attendance
with all officers present ex
cent one.
The obligations of the first
and second degrees were giv
en to Mrs. Neil Dusenberry. ,
Mrs. Ed Strather reported
that all the flower beds along
the highway through Shady
Cove had been planted.
Mrs. Cecil Kee reported on
the 4-H entries in the Centen
nial parade. The float re
ceived the sweepstakes prize.
HEC Chairman Mrs. Ed
Houston reported that there
were eight entries in the na
tional sewing contest.. Oi
these entries, three went to
Pomona ,and two will go to
tne state orange xor juugwg.
The Grange entry of an old
covered wagon and team of
horses won first prize in the
Centennial parade.
The HEC served hot dogs,
pie and coffee in the school
evm during the afternoon of
the Centennial celebration as
well as taking part in some
of the displays in the gym.
Money was sent to the
county 4-H agent for summer
school scholarships to Cor
vallis. Lecturer Delia A. Little
field read a poem honoring
Mother's day.
Mr. and Mrs. Reed McKay
are to take charge of the offfc
cer's seating march.
The next potluck supper
and social evening will be
May 16 when the Shady Cove
Lions will be guests.
The next HEC meeting will
be May 12 at the home of
Mrs. Walter Cross.
Mr. and Mrs. Ed Houston.
master,' and HEC chairman
will be delegates to state
Grange.
THE
Two Accidents Are
Reported Friday
Two non-injury automobile
accidents occurred Friday af
ternoon, state police reported.
No citations were issued at
the time of the accident in
vestigation, but may be is
sued later pending further in
vestigation, state police said.
Cars driven by Wilburn Ed
ison Gillespie, 69, Pardee
Auto Court, Table Rock rd.,
and Gladys Ann Belt, 30, of
4047 South Pacific highway,
Medford, collided on Crater
Lake highway about three
miles north of Medford, Fri
day afternoon, state police
said.
The Gillespie car was mak
ing a left turn onto an access
road leading from the high
way to Crater Lake ave. The
car driven by Gladys Belt
was attempting to pass at the
time and collided with the
rear end of the Gillespie car,
police said.
A car driven by Gary
Humphrey Skaggs, 16, route
2, box 204A, Central Point
collided with a car driven by
John Lucas Smock, 35, of 98
Bigham lane, Central Point,
at the junction of Beal lane
and Merriman rd. Friday aft
ernoon. Skaggs' car apparently had
crossed over into the north
bound lane and skidded 60
feet into the Smock car, state
police said. Smock was treat
ed by a Central Point physic
ian for a small cut on his fore
head.
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Sunday, May 10, 1959
Asland Fire Causes
Damage to Home
Ashland - A defective flu
was blamed for a house fir
at 153 Granite st., Ashland,
firemen said.
Damage to the home of
Dewey Sackett was unesti
mated, Ashland firemen said.
Some water and fire damage
occurred. Roof and walls
were reported burned.
Articles Filed for
Evergreen Bus Lines
Articles . of incorporation
were filed recently by the
Evergreen Bus lines, accord
ing to records in the county
clerk's office.'
At the same time, owner
Henry J. Huber, Oak Grove
rd., Medford, formed a part
nership with L. R. and Mar
tha A. Pilcher, Midway rd.
The company hopes to start
a charter service with a re
cently purchased 33-passeng-er
diesel bus. The company
also plans to expand its tran
sit service to include points
within Medford, Pilcher said.
Volkswagen buses would be
used, "he explained.
Fuscias & African Violets.
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