Mlghlig
hts off Oke's News Conference
Washington-iIPE- Highlights
oh President Eisenhower's
news conference today:
-Eisenhower said Lewis L.
Strauss should not retreat un
der the Senate attacks on his
nomination as secretary of
commerce. Speaking with ob
vious feeling, the President
said the nation would come
to a sadstate of affairs if per
sonal antagonisms reach the
point where highly qualified
men could not be confirmed
for federal office.
- -He made a plea for con
gressional support of his foreign-aid
program, saying that
current hearings in Congress
on the subject should not be
approached on a partisan ba
sis. , .
-He said he was perfectly
ready to have the people of
. the country decide whether j
to repeal the 22nd amend
ment to the Constitution pro
hibiting a president from
serving more than two terms.
Eisenhower added that he
himself did - not feel . too
strongly on the necessity of
repealing the amendment. '
-He said a summer summit
meeting would be a foregone
conclusion if the May 11 for
eign ministers meeting in Ge
neva produces tangible hope
for reducing tension in Eu
rope. '
Deplores Lynching
-He expressed every confi
dence that the FBI and Mis
sissippi authorities will find
some way of punishing those
responsible for the lynching
of a Mississippi Negro accused
of raping a white woman.
Eisenhower said, however,
that he did not think the Pop
larville case necessitated any
stronger - federal statutes on
the subject.
-He expressed hoped that
the Republican 1960 presiden
tial candidate will carry more
southern-states than he did in
1956.
-He said Congress would
have to find some way of
meeting new deficits in the
general fund of the Treasury
if the House and Senate fail
to approve his recommended
gas tax increase of one and a
half cents a gallon.
The subject of the vital
steel contract negotiations
came up when a reported not
ed that the union wants a
.wage settlement based on
steel company profits in the
first quarter of this year.
High Sleel Profits
The reporter said profits
during the first three months
of this year were at a record
high. He asked the President
whether he saw any possibil
ity of economic controls if the
negotiations produced a con
tract that would bring a new
round of inflation.
Eisenhower said first that
he did not necessarily accept
the statement-that steel prof
its reached an all-time high
in the first quarter. Then he
added that, quote aside from
a technicality as to the record
making aspects of steel prof
its, the problem Involved a
basic matter affecting - 175
million Americans.
He said their interest would
be preserved, damaged or pos
sibly advanced by the deci
sions reached in the negotia
tions. What comes from the nego
tiations, he continued, will
affect all American industry
and therefore the people had
a right to look to the negotia
tors for good sense, real wis
dom and true economic states
manship, or in the long run,
the U.S. could not stand still
and do nothing.
He said his record showed
that he deplored and' opposed
govern ment intervention,
even in; union management
negotiations. He also express
ed disapproval of turning to
laws that would fix the lev
els of profits and wages. -
To have to resort to such
mandatory controls would be
a major setback for Ameri
can principles, he said. Then
he added that the American
people should make it abund
antly clear that they are con
cerned about the situation
and will not stand still while
they suffer economically.
He had no specific sugges
tions as to how the public
should manifest this concern.
Mental, Emotional Breakdown
Of Draftees Traced in Report
. New York -(UPB-Results . of
an intensive study launched
by Dwight Eisenhower before
he became President shows
that 2,500,000 men the army
either never got or couldn't
use during World War II
broke down primarily because
of a lack of adequate educa
tion. . "
' These men, equivalent of
165 divisions, were lost be
cause of mental and emotion
al breakdowns.
"Men who had only a gram
mar school education or less
were about five times as like
ly to become ineffective as
men who had had some col
lege education, the study said
Most of the 2,500,000 men
about two mlion of them-
were rejected in drait ooara
screening. The rest served
and were, discharged, many
after long and honorable
duty. But that means that one
of every seven of the 18 mil
lion screened for duty failed
because of emotional or men
tal defects, the survey said.
Eight Years in Preparation
The survey was inaugurat
ed by President Eisenhower
in 1951 when he was presi
dent of Columbia university.
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It is being published in a
three-volume work entitled
"The Ineffective Soldier: Les
sons for Management and the
Nation."
The work is a cooperative
venture involving the univer
sity, several business corpora
tions, foundations, unions and
the government. It took eight
years to prepare.
Dr. Eli Ginzberg of Colum
bia was principal author. Co
authors were James K. Ander
son Sr., Sol W. Ginsberg, Dr
John L. Herme, Dr. Douglas
In the Day's News
By FRANK JENKINS
Harry S. Truman - who
COULD have run for a third
term as President but DIDN'T
- doesn't think much of the
22nd amendment to the U. S
constitution, which prohibits
more than two terms for a
President.
- In Washington this morn
ing, he told a senate Judiciary
subcommittee WHY he doesn
think much of it. In his char
acteristically blunt manner,
he said:
" V"ou d011' have to be verv
smart to know that an
office holder who is not elig
ible for reelection loses a lot
of influence." (He means that
a President who no longer has
the power to PUNISH or RE
WARD is no longer very much
feared and an effective
leader must be feared as well
as respected.)
He went on to say:
"So - what have you done?
You've taken a man and put
him in the hardest job in the
world. You've sent him out
to fight our battles in a life
and death struggle. And
you've sent his out to fight
with one hand tied behind
him because everyone knows
he can t run for re-election.'
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TIE ADDED: ,
XA "It rriakes no sense to
treat a President this way
no matter who he is, Republi
can or Democrat. '
He concluded: "The amend
ment that put the third-term
Dan into the constitution in
1951 is a BAD amendment and
ought to be repealed."
TTARRY S. TRUMAN is in
a peculiarly effective po
sition to say what he said this
morning to the senate sub
committee. He was EXEMPT
ED from the third term ban.
He could have run for a third
term if he had chosen to. He
didn't choose to.
He may have had his rea
sons. He may have thought he
had no chance to win a third
term. Back in those days, we
were getting a sober look at
what happens when too much
power is held in too few hands
too long. He is an astute poli
tician, and he undoubtedly
sensed that feeling.
But, at any rate, he DIDN'T
tun. I personally choose to
think he just felt that two
terms were enough, After all,
with all his faults, HST is a
pretty good citizen.
T ET'S take a look at Harry'
final statement to the sen
ate subcommittee this morn
ing:
"If he is not a good Presi
dent, you don't have to re
elect him. There is a WAY TO
GET RID OF HIM and it
doesn't require a constitution
al amendment."
I
DON'T want to put words
in anybody's mouth, but I
think this, in substance, is
what 'HST was saying to
the senate subcommittee, and
to the people of the U. S.:
If the third -term ban
LIVES IN THE HEARTS OF
THE PEOPLE there will be
no NEED for a third-term ban
in the constitution."
If the people BELIEVE that
too much power neld in too
few hands too long is danger
ous to the liberties of the peo
ple, there will be no need for
constitutional prohibition
against third terms. The peo
ple will then handle the situ
ation with their votes.
If that is what he was say
ing, I agree with him, 1
W. Bray, William A. Jordan
and Maj. Francis Ryan.
" Maj. Gen. Howard Snyder,
the President's physician, was
adviser to the "conservation
of human resources" project.
The study says that besides
emotional and mental break
downs, "Dear John" Letters,
marital breakups and family
problems at home were also
major reasons why so many
men failed to make the grade.
The study said the United
States must find a way to save
the "significant sector of
American manhood" lost to
the services in wartime as a
vital step in the defense and
security of the country.
Other Findings
The study also says that
Negroes and farmers were
listed as highly susceptible to
breakdowns under stress of
war and Army life but said
these defects also could be
traced to a lack of education.
The study also said that:
-Far more . soldiers broke
down in reaction to Army life
in general than to the stress
of combat.
-Most veterans who . suf-1
fered emotional breakdowns !
while inmilitary service have
now recovered and are self
supporting. ,
-Combat veterans who
broke .down were the most
likely to recover in the short
est time.
-Faults in the Army's
screening and training system
were spotlighted by the fact
that half the major and men'
tal emotional discharge cases
involved men who never
should have been inducted
Truman Advises
Against Skimping
On Aid To Allies
Washington - (LTD Former
President Harry S. Truman
bluntly advised congressional
critics of foreign aid today
to cut their own salaries rath
er than skimp on assistance to
America's allies.
The ex-President, testifying
on President Eisenhower's $3,
900,000,000 foreign aid re
quest, told the House Foreign
Affairs Committee " it would
be "playing with dynamite"
to slash the program.
Truman said it would be
perfectly obvious that in the
struggle against Communism,
America must have as many
friends and as few enemies as
possible. . '
He said Congress should in
crease the authorization for
the development loan fund,
not slash it. Further, he said,
this shouldn't be - done by
skimping on military assist
ance to friendly nations.
Opposes Political Thinking
The former President said
he did not feel the foreign aid
program was a partisan mat
ter, although he had heard
"disturbing reports of politi
cal partisanship entering into
the picture." '
He emphasized there was no
conflict on the issues-as far
as he was concerned-between
the Eisenhower administration
"and the prior Democratic ad
ministration." -
Truman said even people
who supported the . program
did not fully realize how im
portant it was.
"Mark this well," he de
clared. "The mutual security
program is not a soft spot
m our budget.
"It is not a place where
the country can economize in
a cheap and easy fashion with
out hurting anything much
If you start skimping on this
program, you are playing with
dynamite."
Prosperous World Needed
Truman said that if Con
gress felt it had to cut the
budget, it shouldn't be in the
foreign aid field.
"There are many other
places you ought to cut first,"
he said. "I will . not be so
indiscreet as to name them
here-but I might suggest that
yOu ought not to cut this pro
gram unless you feel the situa
tion is so bad "you first cut
congressional salaries."
Truman said America J!can
not exist as an island of pros
perity in an impoverished
world."
"To the extent we can help
other nations raise their stand
ard' of living," he said, . "our
own standard of living here
at home will be increased."
Mecca, sacred to Moslems,
as the birthplace of Moham
med, is 66 miles east of the
Red Sea port of Jiddah.
We Give
GREEN STAMPS
CENTRAL REXALL DRUG
Mam and Central
Autopsy Ordered in
Death of Salem Man
Canby-flJPD-An autopsy was
ordered Monday into the
death of Edgar Henry Ran
dall, 80, Salem, after the car
he was driving went into a
ditch on Highway 99 north of
here and struck a concrete
piling of a logging road over
pass. .Deputy Coroner Jack C.
Kent said the man apparent
ly suffered a heart seizure.
MAIL TRIBUNE, MedforJ, Or. C
Tuesday, May 5, 1959
Voters at Ontario 1
Approve School Budget
Ontario -flJPD- Voters of On
tario school district 8-C Mon
day approved a $993,552
school budget for operations
through 1959-61.
The vote waS 341-198. 1
Book publishers issued 13,
142 hard-cover titles in 1957
and 4,500 paperback titles.
OLDEST BELGIAN DIES
Brussels, Belgium -fFi
Mrs.'Mieke Duray, Belgium's
oldest citizen, died Monday on
her 104th birthday just a few
hours before she was to re
ceive an honor visit from tha
mayor and the city council.
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Band Leader in
Critical Condifidn
Los Angeles-fllPD-Hal Mcln-
tyre, 44, one of the nation's
top swing band leaders in the
1940s, remained in critical
condition today with first,
second and third degree burns
suffered in an apartment fire
Between 200 and 300 per
sons responded to an urgent
appeal for bipod donations for
the musician whose swing
band has not been working
steadily in recent years, a
General - hospital -spokesman
said.
A hospital spokesman said
Mclntyre suffered from deep
shock brought on by burns on
the lower half of his body. He
apparently fell asleep early
Sunday while smoking a ciga
rette at the Hollywood apart
ment of his band's vocalist,
Jeanne McManus. She was
not at home at the time.
London - (UPD - A delegation
of 26 officials of Aeroflot,
the Russian state airliner, ar
rived Monday night for final
talks in the opening of recip
rocal London - Moscow serv
ices with Britain. British' Eu
ropean - Airways opens the
service May 14, flying to the
Russian capitol. Two days
later, Aeroflot will make its
first flight to London.
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This small world gets bigger every year
The exciting world within a drop Of Oil keeps growing as we make discoveries that
bring new and better products into your world. '
. Even now, these products enter every hour of your day : from automotive fuels and
lubricants to synthetic fibers for blankets you sleep under at night and clothes you wear
during the day. - -
Wax containers that preserve food; plastics, paints, photographic film, detergents,
medicines, synthetic rubber and thousands of oilier items for farms, homes, industry
and the Armed Forces now are made better because of oil ingredients which Standard
supplies to manufacturers. .
But there's more in oil's future much more. And so last year, as every year, one of
our biggest jobs was finding ways to make oil serve you better using research to
create new and improved products, and building facilities to put these products to work.
Here are some of the things we did during 1958 to expand the world within a drop of oil:
To help meet your growing demand for
petroleum products, we invested $235 million
for exploration and development in 21 state
of the U.S. and 12 other Western Hemisphere
countries.
lktM..4iL fajllt . il " II lHjifcj-. II III m MmtKxx..,, tM
Our research and technical service staff has
grown to 1400 people. Today we make more
than 1000 products not sold 15 years ago.
During that time our research budget more
than tripled.
Producing and distributing product takes
continuing investments in new refinery equip
ment, pipelines, tankers, trucks and trailers.
Last year, $108 million went into these new
facilities.
Our 38,395 employees were paid $281 million
in wages and benefits. Standard's 162,754
stockholders received nearly 44 for each
dollar of the market value of stockholdings.
Standard was one of the largest customers
in the West Our purchases included 50,000
items . . . helped provide jobs and payrolls for
more than 10,000 firms in hundreds of West
ern communities.
jg- WW
Through affiliates, we helped advance prog
ress in more than 70 free Eastern Hemisphere
countries. Oil development helps provide
jobs; supplies funds for education, health
and housing.
1
STANDARD OIL COMPANY OF CALIFORNIA
plans ahead to serve you better -