-Op of iassile Forces Declared .'Urgent .-Aim of 1TO
mm
. i
Faster
Foreign Minister
Meeting Marks
10th Anniversary
By CHARLES CORDDRY
UPI Correspondent
Edlto's note: This is the second
of two reports on the state of the
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
on it loin anniversary.
Washington - (LTD - A faster
build-up of supersonic air
craft and missile forces is ur
gent aim of the North Atlan
tic Treaty Organization as it
completes its first decade.
The foreign ministers of the
alliance are meeting here
against the grave backdrop of
crisis in Berlin and alarm in
the U.S. Congress over Soviet
missile progress. The meeting
marks the anniversary of the
signing of the NATO treaty
on April 4, 1949.
At hand, as the statesmen
take stock of NATO's strength
is a new report from a U.S
presidential advisory group
urging immediate addition of
$400,000,000 to American mil
itary aid funds. It would go
mostly for advanced jet air
craft and missiles for NATO
Moves are also afoot to stimu
late production on the Euro
pean continent of a variety of
U.S. missiles from air defense
to bombardment types.
Constant Them
The need for supersonic
planes is a constant theme
European pilots , and com
manders argue that they
could be the first to tangle
with Russia's superior num
bers of planes in a war. They
say they should have more
aircraft comparable to those
of the Americans operating
beside them.
Similar urgent problems
for NATO leaders are the
quick filling of remaining
ground force needs in Central
Europe, more rapid deploy
ment of 1,500-mile range bal
listic missiles and early com
pletion of radar warning and
communications networks.
The Soviet forces arrayed
opposite NATO's 4,000 -mile
front from Norway to Turkey
are "terrifyingly efficient and
equipped for nuclear war," in
the words of a top British of
ficial. All that holds the Rus
sians down is the threat of
air-atomic reprisal.
Russia and her European
satellites have an estimated
six million jcnea under arms,
close to four million of them
ground forces. The bulk ap
parently is in "Western Russia
and the satellites
Comparison Not Valid
The 15 NATO powers can
count as many or more men
under arms. But the compari
son is not too. valid. Allow
ance must be made for the
world-wide commitments and
deployments of America and
Britain! Together they ac
count for more than half of
NATO's total military man
power. They have about 425,
000 to 450,000 men in Europe,
the Middl' East, Mediterra
neant and North Africa. The
rest of their forces, totaling
more than 2,700,000, are con
served at home or deployed
in other areas around the
globe.
Available estimates indicate
that Gen. Lauris Norstad, Su
preme Allied Commander in
Europe, has. assigned to him
about 50 ' divisions, 5,500 to
6,000 aircraft, more than 160
air bases and, in the event of
war, the Navy's big Sixth
Fleet in the Mediteranean. ,
175 Soviet Divisions
The Soviets, NATO esti
mates, have 175 divisions, of
which 22 are in East Germany
and 60 more in other puppet
countries and in western Rus
sia. The satellites have 65 di
visions of varying degrees of
reliability. Russias has 18,000
to 20,000 military aircraft,
largely jets, including 1,500
medium range bombers com
parable to the American B-47
but hardly more than 100
long-range Bisons which they
once were expected to stamp
out in huge numbers.
Many of their 450 subma
rines are in the White, Baltic
and Black seas. It would be
NATO's task to try to keep as
many as possible from break
ing to the Atlantic where they
could attack convoys and
bombard America.
In the misslie field, Russia
officially is credited with hav
ing operational weapons with
ranges of 700 to 800 miles.
Reporters have heard those
estimates from intelligence
officers in several NATO Eu
ropean headquarters and they
have . been publicly stated
here.
No Evidence Revealed
To be effective, such mis
siles would have to be de
ployed to the satellites. In
quiry in American, British
and NATO quarters on the
continent reveals no evidence
that such has been done.
From the satellites, Russian
missiles could reach any Euro
pean target except some in
Spain.
The estimates, if accurate,
make the American Thor mis
sile now based in England the i
MAIL TRIBUNE, Medford, Oregon, Friday, April 3, 1959 3
longest range operational bal
listic missile-more than 1,500
miles.
Washington estimates that
the U.S. and Russia will have
intercontinental ballistic mis
siles operational at about the
same time. Congressional crit
ics dispute that, claiming Rus
sia is ahead. So does Russia.
On the Western side Ameri
can land, air and sea forces
have a variety of missiles in
Europe. They include the 200
mile range Redstone, the 500
mile Matador pilotless bomb
er, the 75-mile Corporal, the
15-mile Honest John, and
Nike anti-aircraft missiles.
The sixth fleet can employ
Sparrow air-to-air rockets,
Regulus pilotless bombers and
Terrier anti-aircraft missiles.
Own Production
Most European countries
are receiving, under U.S. mil
itary aid or buying, one or
more of these missile types
and some planning their own
production.
But NATO is not a military
theater unto itself. It is part
of a global defense system, a
system that has brought about
the "strategic encirclement"
of the Soviet Union so that,
as NATO officers put it, there
is "nowhere that the Soviets
can feel secure around their
whole periphery."
Besides the air-atomic de
terrent, NATO now has a
shield force running from the
top of Norway, where there
is a common border with Rus
sia, to the east frontier of Tur
key, also a common border
with Russia.
In the crucial Central Euro
pean sector are now deployed
approximately 22 of the 30
divisions Norstad considers
the minimum he needs. When
West Germany completes its
12 divisions and France is
able to return two from Al
geria, Norstad will have 30
on the central front.
The central land forces are
backed up by heavy contin
gents of U.S. Air Force, Royal
Air Force and Royal Cana
dian Air Force jets. The U.S.
alone has 525 jet fighter
planes in Europe that can car
ry atomic weapons.
PLAN MALARIA CONTROL
Makassar, Celebes, Indone-sia-(UPD-The
Malaria Eradica
tion department of the East
Indonesian islands said today
that malaria kills at least 120,-
000 persons a year in Indone
sia. The department said it is
planning a 10-year program
for controlling the disease.
Importance of NATO Said To Lie in Principle of Solidarity
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Editor's note: Norwegian Foreien for-te -t the crHr)!j7-;f-.r vtuon
of the signers of the treaty that
created the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization. In the following dis
patch, Lange explains the basic
principles on which NATO has-been
built and thrived.
By HALVARD M. LANGE
Foreign Minister of Norway
(Written for UPI)
The primary importance
NATO lies in the principle of
solidarity embodied in the
treaty. The collective defense
organized on the basis of this
principle has made it possible
for NATO to play a decisive
role in preventing war and
aggression in the last decade.
This aspect of NATO is
common to all the member
countries small and big alike,
and, indeed the stabilizing ef-
Young Prince May
Have Chickenpox
Windsor, England-(UPD-T h e
10-year-old Prince of Wales
started his spring holiday in
bed at Windsor Castle today,
awaiting what doctors thought
would be an official diagnosis
of chickenpox.
Prince Charles was sent
home from Cheam School sev
eral hours earlier than his
schoolmates Thursday when
it was discovered he was run
ning a fever. Doctors prom
ised to announce the results
of their examination later to
day. All pupils at the exclusive
private school have been un
der quarantine for two weeks
because of an outbreak of
chickenpox among some mem
bers oi the student body.
Charles' mother, Queen
Elizabeth II, his sister Prin
cess Anne; and his aunt, Prin
cess Margaret, are all staying
at Windsor Castle, but they
are not likely to be allowed to
see the young prince.
Neither the Queen nor Prin
cess Anne has ever had chickenpox.
New York - (DPD - A new
teaching machine demonstrat
ed here Thursday not only
corrects students when they
give the wrong answers but
has a little lecture ready for
those who still can't answer
properly. The recorded mess
age: "Listeji, son, you are be
ing very careless. You really
should study a lot harder.
Careful study habits will help
you make your own way in
the world."
the NATO countries makes
itself felt outside the NATO
group.
It is of the utmost impor
tance that this solidarity be
kept and strengthened in the
difficult times we face as we
celebrate the first 10 years
of the existence of the North
Atlantic Treaty.
Two Main Elements
Our side of the balance of
power upon which world
peace rests consists of two
main elements: Our military
defense and our unfailing
solidarity. Conflicts within
our own family weaken our
position just as much as do
gaps and lags in our military
preparedness.
It is therefore a good omer
that the anniversary year ha
witnessed the solution of one
of the most difficult problems
with which member countries
have been faced. The success
ful solution of the Cyprus
question is an inspiration to
us all to renew our efforts
to settle other outstanding
problems between member
nations.
No Need For Fear
As long as the all impor
tant necessity of keeping our
solidarity intact is recognized
by all member nations and is
given due weight when na
tional policies are formulated
there is no need for any of
us to fear the dangers and
difficulties that may lie ahead.
There is, however, one other
aspect of the co-operation in
NATO on which I would like
to comment briefly since it
is of particular importance to
a small member country like
Norway.
I am thinking of the con
tinuous political consultation
going on in the NATO coun
cil and the opportunity this
consultation gives for the
smaller countries to express
their views on important in
ternational problems and thus
influence the formulation of
the policies of member coun
tries with world-wide respon
sibilities. This is a novel de
velopment in international co
operation. Other Opportunities
. It is, of course, true that
the United Nations Organiza
tion, like its predecessor, the
League of Nations, offers op
portunities to all member
countries to appeal to world
opinion in order to influence
development in world poli
tics. The importance of the
United Nations as a forum for
world opinion should by no
means be underrated.
This, however, is different
from the intimate day-to-day
consultation going on it NA
TO, both with regard to the
nature of the process and
more particularly when it
comes to the practical results
obtained.
Answer To Problem
The consultations in NATO
on matters of direct concern
to all member nations and the
treaty area aim at working
out common policies which
are binding on member coun
tries. They constitute an an
swer to one of the central
problems that arise in volun
tary co-operation between
sovereign states. Consultation j
means a pooling of sovereign
ties without recourse to supra
national institutions. i
The development of politi
cal, consultation of NATO
over the 10 years of the or
ganization's existence repre
sents a great step toward a
true community of the na
tions of NATO. The effects of
this new development will be
felt long after the internation
al conflict that prompted the
inception of NATO in 1949
has been solved.
Who's
I II If I
Anniversary
Penney's Observes
57th Anniversary
The 57th anniversary of the
founding of the J. C. Penney
company is being observed
this month with a three-week
Festival of Values accentuated
with replicas of the brightly
dressed circus barker and .the
once-familiar peddler's wag
on. The anniversary is .ex
pected to be the biggest in
the company's history.
Since James Cash Penney
founded the company in a
frame building in Kemmerer,
Wyo., in 1902, the firm has
grown to be the largest chain
of retail department stores in
the world. There are 1,700
Penney stores in 48 states.
The first store, the "Golden
Rule," grossed nearly $29,000
during its first year of opera
tion. Penney had established
34 stores within 10 years by
1912. Yearly sales now total
more than $1.3 billion.
Penney's scientific labora
tory last year made more
than 50,000 tests to maintain
quality standards and protect
customers.
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