cience Authorities
Can Cause. Cancer
Editor's note: Where science
stands in its efforts to conquer
ranrer is being laid out in deDtb
in Excelsior Springs, Mo., by the
top cancer scientists. It will be a
seven-day briefing, covering the
seven major divisions of cancer
'research. Following is the first
dispatch of Delos Smith, I'PI sci
ence editor, who is one of those
being briefed.
By DELOS SMITH
UPI Science Edilor
Excelsior Springs, Mo.-UP&-On
the question of whether
viruses cause cance-r in hu
man beings, the scientific
answer is, yes. On the ques
tion of whether science will
be able to do something about
it, the answer is again, yes,
but it's going to take a long
time.
These answers reflect the
convictions and confidence of
top virus authorities assem
.bled here by the American
Cancer Society to make prog
ress reports on their side of
the many-sided campaign of
science to lick the disease
which is the No. 2 killer of
people.
Experts on the other sides
are here to report their prog
ress, to a group of science
writers. One phase will be re
ported "in depth" daily for
seven days, and when all the
reports are in, the public will
have an up-to-the-the-minute
account of where the big cam
paign now stands.
Obviously viruses do not
cause cancers in human be
ings the way viruses inflict
them with the common cold.
If they did there would be no
human race.
Actions Are Complicated
Cancer-causing viruses have
to act in extremely complicat
ed and well-hidden ways.
Otherwise science would
know at least as much about
the viruses as it does about
the viruses which cause polio,
for instance.
Dr. Joseph W. Beard of
Duke University, Durham,
N.C., and Dr. Seymour Cohen,
of the University of Pennsyl
vania, Philadelphia, made
these complications and con
cealments dramatically fasci
nating in describing the tak-ing-apart
of individual cells
that were so delicate as to be
almost incredible.
Beard did it by slicing the
cells so thin he got about 300
slices per cell. The slices were
then subjected to the high
magnifications of the electron
microscope. Cohen did it by
breaking down the chemical
reactions of a cell to a virus
and of a virus to a cell into
exceedingly fine detail.
Neither worked with hu
man cancer cells since no one
has ever made a positive iden
tification of a causative virus
for human cancer. Science's
conviction that there are such
viruses is based upon there
being more than 50 viruses
which definitely cause can
cers in frogs, chickens, rab
bits, squirrels or mice.
Beard, however, observed
particles in tissue cultures of
human leukemia cells which
he thought could be virus par
ticles but the identification
was anything but certain.
Other scientists on the same
panel minimized the possibil
ity that the particles were of
a viral nature. They empha
sized that viruses had never
yet been found in human body
cells.
Work In Harmony
Why should human body
chemistry be exempt from
such viral invasion? It would
not be natural if it were.
Beard sliced up the body
cells of chickens which con
tained viruses that had caused
those cells to become malig
nant. Cohen got inside the
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I cells of a particular kind of
j bacteria which were under at
i tack by a particular virus spe
cialized in those cells.
Beard found that cells and
viruses were working in more
or less perfect harmony for
one purpose, which was to
manufacture new viruses
which would then take over
more normal cells which
would likewise become virus
brooders. The cell wasn't
harmed but its basic nature
was changed. It now served
the virus rather than the
chicken. It divided into new
cells more rapidly and the
more rapidly it divided (up to
'Pause for Springtime'
Claimed Hollow Drooper,
A Dally and Dawdle Hour
By WILLIAM EWALD
UPI Correspondent
New York (UPD "America
Pauses For Springtime," a
special unspooled by CBS-TV
Monday night,
was a flat and
hollow
fe? rlrnnnpr a dal-
ly and dawdle
hour without
substance or
much point.
Its format
was an un-
iiLJ blushing
William EwaU swipe of NBC
TV's old Wide Wide World
series, but the curious thing
about the CBS-TV hour was
that it might just as well have
been shot in a studio.
Through the use of tape and
film, the show kangarooed to
such stops as San Francisco,
Hollywood, Augusta, Ga.,
West Point, N.Y., Colorado's
Garden of the Gods and Loui
siana's bayou country, but it
never really scooped up the
flavor of any of these areas.
Used as Backdrops.
All of these point were
merely used as backdrops for
a snatch of song, a snippet of
dance, a smidgin of chatter,
none of it with much core or
import. Genevieve, poised
against a Louisiana tree,
might just as well have been
singing from a stage. Ditto
Robert Merrill, badly lip
synching on a Manhattan
ferry, and Bobby Jones .talk
ing about nothing in particu
lar from a swatch of sterile
greenery at-the Augusta Na
tional Golf Club.
dalle YHlllcni ipuuitu aimc
. i . : l
awiUl gusn in reveiemiai
tones while a film was being
run off and she somehow man
aged to make some Emily
Dickinson lines sound flabby.
Another sequence from Broad
way's "Flower Drum Song"
convinced me I'm never want
to see it.
Fairly Successful
From all this I except a
couple of moments. Marge and
Gower Champion appeared in
a section from San Francisco's
Golden Gate Park and while
they seemed to be more con
cerned with moving than
dancing, the piece had some
elan. Fairly successful, too,
was a filmed bit from Coesse,
Ind., that centered around a
general store and Herb Shri
ner. The talk sounded suspi
ciously rehearsed, but it did
Tug Under Tow
Sunk by Wave
Newport, Ore.-(l?D-A giant
wave hit and sank the crip
pled tug "Kumalong" Monday
night as it was being towed
into Yaquina bay by a 52
foot Coast Guard vessel. The
three crewmen had been tak
en off earlier.
The Coast Guard had put a
tow line on the 70-foot vessel
after it developed leaks in
rough sea earlier in the day.
Attempts to pass pumping
equipment to the tug from the
Coats Guard vessel failed.
The crewmen were Skipper
Tom Evans, 43, Seattle; Clif
ford W. Hinkley, 50, Port An
geles, and R. W. Careis, 41,
Seattle.
The tug was en route from
Seattle to San Francisco.
It was valued at S20,000
and owned by Charles Palmer
of North Ridge, Calif.
The tow lines broke several
times as the tug was being
towed to the bay, the last time
just as it was crossing the bar
in rough sea:
Shortly after that a wave
estimated at 30-35 feet
smashed into the side of the
tug, caving it in. It sank with
in a minute.
A spokesman for the Coast
Guard said the vessel could
not be salvaged.
TO RECEIVE NEGROES
Vatican City - (CPB - Pope
John XXIII will receive more
than 200 Negroes from 33 na
tions in a special audience
Wednesday morning, Vatican
sources said today. The Ne
groes are. attending a con
gress in Rome on Negro cul
ture, which ends today.
Believe
In Human
a certain point) the more new
cancer-causing viruses were
produced.
In this connection, the com
mon and well-known viruses,
such as polio and influenza
viruses, kill the cells which
they invade. Beard showed
that'this chicken virus by en
slaving the cell rather than
killing it, caused a "complex
af diseases," rather than one
relatively simple cancer. Not
all were malignant, but those
which were included two
types of leukemia, or blood
cancer. It demonstrated there
are varieties of ways viruses
can cause cancer (in chickens).
have a kind of hickory charm
and it was pleasant to catch
some real people in the squash
of greasepainted performers.
The sponsor of the hour
a soft drink company fore
swore the usual set commer
cials and substituted in their
stead bottles of the product
in several of the sequences.
Among the people who sud
denly developed a craving for
the stuff during the evening
were. Shriner, a ferry boat
captain and a golfer. Franlrly,
it struck me as a sneaky at
tempt to infiltrate me and I
would have preferred ordi
nary commercials at least I
can tune those out in my head.
Playhouse Good
CBS-TV Desilu Playhouse
offered a surprisingly good
Western Monday night m
"The Hard Road," a drama
about a bounty hunter and his
quarry.
Barry Sullivan, Joseph
Larch and Patricia Barry
turned in able performances.
But it was Cliff Robertson as
the prey who really snapped
the whole hour alive he is a
superb young actor and it's
a pleasure to watch him work.
Governor Sees
Windup May 1
Portland - (UPD - Gov. Mark
Hatfield says adjournment of
the current legislative session
may come around May 1.
Hatfield was questioned by
a friendly panel at the Port
land Chamber of Commerce
meeting Monday and touched
on a variety of topics.
He said he couldn't predict
when the legislature would
adjourn or what the budget
would be but that he believed
adjournment would be closer
to May 1 than April 15. Some
Democratic leaders have talk
ed of an April 18 adjourn
ment target.
Hatfield said he hoped the
legislature would find a solu
tion to the tax problem and
that if it doesn't a special ses
sion may become necessary.
He said a net receipt tax has
an advantage over a sales tax
because it is a tax based on
ability to pay that "starts on
the first dollar earned" and
thus broadens the tax base.
Hatfield also said he had
confidence in the Centennial
commission, that he believed
the Carpenters dispute would
be settled by "democratic
vote of the membership" and
that he favors appointment
instead of election of the at
torney general.
Concessionaires
Say Taxes High
Klamath Falls Harry
Smith and his son, Harry Jr.,
concessionaires at Crater Lake
National park, complained to
the Klamath county court
last week that taxes are too
high on the lodge they oper
ate at the Lake's rim.
The Smiths maintain that
a 5370,000 cash value on the
lodge and adjacent buildings
is too large and that some con
sideration should be given
because the lodge operates
only during , t h e summer
months.
They said the assessment
for many years was S25.310
on which they paid $534 an
nual county taxes. Last year,
they said, the county board
of equalisation raised the as
sessed valuation to 870,000
on which taxes were SI, 659.
The figures, they said, do
not include school taxes from
which the corporation is ex
empt. County Assessor Hap Cald
well said the high figure last
year was set partly to com
pensate for the too low figure
the previous year. He noted
that te property has been re
cently appraised by his staff
and an approximate value of
5320,000 reached.
ECONOMIST DIES
Paris-ffiPD-Andre Siegfried,
83, a noted French political
critic and economist, and a
well known author on the
Americas, died Sunday.
Varus
Beings
Beard said he studied these
chicken cells because they
happened to be the easiest.
Parasites of Bacteria
"Don't think there is no re
lations to mammals," he said.
Cohen's viruses are not
cancer-causing. Their value
for an ultimate understand
ing of virus-caused cancer is
that they are parasites of a
bacteria which can be studied
in close detail for the chemi
cal secrets of "a viral system."
The most astonishing secret
he uncovered was that the
virus and the bacterial cell
get together chemically so as
to manufacture seven kinds of
proteins which hadn't been
present before and a type of
nucleic acid which so far as
science now knows, is utterly
unique in nature.
This latter is a discovery
comparable to the discovery
of a new planet, but since it
is chemical rather than physi
cal it won't cause as much ex
citment. Nucleic acids and
proteins are "building blocks"
in the chemistry of life and
the combinations possible
from seven new proteins and
one unique nucleic acid runs
into the hundreds of thou
sands. Servicemen
COMPLETES COURSE
Army Pvt. Eugene L. Ed
wards, son of Gerald H. Ed
wards, 1541 Oregon ave., re
cently completed the eight
week general supply course
at Fort Ord, Calif. ,
A graduate of Eagle Point
high school, Edwards joined
the Army last October.
INFORMATION SCHOOL
Ashland Army Pvt. John
E. Converse, son of Mr. and
Mrs. Alvin E. Converse, 110
Van Ness ave., recently was
graduated from the Informa
tion School at Fort Slocum,
N. Y.
A graduate of Southern
Oregon college where he is
a member of Lambda Iota
Tau and Alpha Psi Omega
fraternities, Converse enter
ed the service in July, 1958.
The service school, attend
ed by members of all the
armed services, includes train
ing in public and troop infor
mation, news writing, press
photograph and radio-television
scriptwriting and broad
casting techniques.
ABOARD CARRIER
Three area men are serv
ing with the U.S. Navy aboard
the attack aircraft carrier
USS Oriskany which was re
commissioned earlier this
month at Hunters Point Nav
al shipyard, San Francisco.
The men are David L.
Wright, boilerman third class,
son of Mr. and Mrs. V. L.
Wright, route 2, box 186x;
Thomas J. Wray, airman, son
of Mr. and Mrs. Joe Wray,
route 2, box 668K, all Cen
tral Point, and Wayne S. Cly
mer, radioman third class,
son of Mr. and Mrs. G. D.
Clyman, 411 South C st.,
Eagle Point. .
Police Investigate
Dumping Report
Medford police yesterday
investigated a complaint that
that a construction company
was dumping trash and old
machinery on Pepper st., a
dedicated but unimproved city
street northeast of the Big Y.
Police reported that the
property on both sides of
Pepper st. is owned by Mar
shall Bessonette, but that the
exact location of the street
right of way was uncertain.
A city crew is to survey
the right of way as soon as
possible, according to the re
port. The complaint was re
ceived from Hazel Inge, 1978
Table Rock rd.
ITALIAN POET DIES
Viareggio, Italy-UPfl-Italian
poet Elpido .Jenco, 60, died
here Monday.
For a guy that's really on trie
square, my Boss sure cuts some
awfully crooked shapes! (When
diecutting labels, etc.) Y'see he
is an expert on diecutting; pa
per, cardboard, plastic, leather
or felt. He's got scads of stock
dies on hand, too, that will save
you money on such jobs. Labels,
tags, booklets, dance programs,
menus, small signs; all have
that 'Tailor-made' look, when
cut to special shapes. Embos
sing names or designs on covers,
etc., give them that regal look,
as does deckel-edging. We use
all these processes.
THE, JfelH
TIMER:
Bids Opened for
Work in Medford
Tru-Mix Concrete company,
Medford, is apparent low bid
der for paving East Jackson
st. between Bear creek and
Genessee st., according to
Medford public works depart
ment records.
Rogue River Paving com
pany, Medford, is apparent
low bidder for paving Colum
bus ave. between West Jack
son st. and McAndrews rd.,
the records show. Petrehn and
Purdy company, Central
Point, is apparent low bidder
for installing curbs and gut
ters along this stretch.
The city council is sched
uled to consider awarding con
tracts for these projects at its
meeting Thursday evening.
Bids were opened last Friday.
The Tru-Mix bid is S25,
254.85, compared to an engi
neer's estimate of S24,876.60.
Other bidders, all from Med
ford, include M. C. Lininger
and Sons, $26,871.75, F. L.
Somers, S29.966, and T. R.
Florey, 530,018.25.
Rogue River Paving's bid is
$3,465 against an engineer's
estimate of $3,960. Florey and
Somers also bid on this proj
ect, at $3,960 and $5,775 re
spectively. Petrehn and Purdy's bid of
$2,603 was $100 below the en
gineer's estimate of $2,703.
Somers, the only bidder, sub
mitted a figure of 52,940.
Danish Gym Team
To Be at Hedrick
The troupe of 28 young
Danes scheduled to appear at
Hedrick Junior High school
tomorrow night will present
both gymnastic feats and folk
dances.
Their object, it is reported,
is "to present the ultimate in
Danish physical education to
the people of America." They
are said to present the "abso
lutely finest in Danish gym
nastics." Gymnastics, a sport not so
familiar to Medford, is taught
in all Danish schools where it
has developed from a tradi
tion in Scandinavian coun
tries. Danes often join gymnastics
ciubs after being graduated
from school, and the sport is
among the country's most pop
ular during the winter
months.
The program tomorrow
night, expected to last two to
two and a half hours, will in
clude fundamental gymnas
tics, advanced gymnastics,
tumbling, apparatus work,
courtesy dances and folk
dances. '
The troupe, while endorsed
by the Danish government,
gains its financial support
from private initiative. The
tour, the third of its kind in
this country, is a non-profit
venture.
Tickets are on sale today
and tomorrow at a booth at
Main st. and Central ave. and
at Hudson's pharmacy and
Purucker's music store. The
program, scheduled to begin
at 7 p.m. tomorrow, is spon
sored here by the Medford
Junior Chamber of Commerce.
JIMMY FIDLER DIVORCED
Burbank, Calif .-(UPI)- Holly
wood radio commentator Jim
my Fidler and his 35-year-old
wife, who were divorced Mon
day, still are living together
in their home here. The cou
ple agreed to continue living
in the same home until other
arrangements could be made.
TOURIST FIGURE
Rome (UPD An estimated
100,000 tourists and pilgrims
came to Rome and Vatican
City during the Easter Holy
Week, officials said today. A
spokesman for the Rome Tou
rist Bureau said the number
was about 10 per cent higher
than in 1958.
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Catholic School
Enrollment Reaches
High of 4,892,261
Washington - (UPD - Enroll
ment in U.S. Catholic schools
has climbed to a record high
of 4,892,261 students, it has
been announced.
A nationwide survey by the
education department of the
National Catholic Welfare
conference showed an in
crease of 616,409 in Catholic
grade and high schools since
the last such count two years
ago. y
The total includes 4,101,792
students in 10,195 Catholic
grade schools. This is nearly
double the 1945 enrollment.
Catholic high school enroll
ment was found to be 790,469,
an increase of nearly 90 per
cent over 1945.
One Out of Seven
The U.S. Office of Educa
tion has estimated public
grade and high school enroll
ment at 34,711,000 this year.
On the basis of these figures,
about one American child out
of seven is now attending a
Catholic school.
The rapid rise in enrollment
since the end of World War II
has confronted parochial
schools with many of the
same problems of plaguing
public school systems, accord
ing to Catholic authorities.
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Despite a prodigious build
ing program in recent years,
most parochial school systems
have many overcrowded class
rooms. Like public schools, paro
chial schools also have a
teacher shortage. While the
membership of religious or
ders engaged in teaching has
grown substantially, Catholic
leaders say the increase in vo
cations has not been sufficient
to fill the rapidly expanding
need for classroom teachers.
As a result, parochial
schools are compelled to rely
increasingly on salaried lay
teachers. In the past 40 years,
it is estimated, the percentage
of lay teachers has doubled.
Today it is estimated that nuns
and brothers (male members
of Catholic religious orders)
comprise about 80 per cent of
the parochial school staffs,
with lay teachers making up
the remaining 20 per cent.
Rise in Maintenance
Because lay teachers must
be1 hired at salaries generally
comparable to those in public
schools, authorities say, the
result of this trend has been a
substantial rise in the cost of
maintaining Catholic schools.
No figures were published
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MAIL TRIBUNE, Medford,
TOPS IN EXPORTS
Hamburg, Germany - (UPD -West
Germany last year ex
ported the most vehicles in its
history and now claims top
place among the world's car
exporters, the Hamburg Eco
n o m i c Information Serv ice
said today.
on the present costs of the
Catholic school system. But
some Catholic educators esti
mated that it would cost up
wards of $1,300,000,000 a year
to provide public school fa
cilities for all of the children
now attending Catholic
schools.
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Oregon, Tuesday, March 31, 1959 3
BANK BILL TABLED
Salem - (UPD - The House
Tax Committee Monday tabl
ed a bill which would have
reduced the corporation ex
cise tax on banks from 9 to
6 per cent.
COLONEL DIES
Lisbon-aTD-Col. Esmeraldo
de Carvalhaes, 72, a close
friend of Prime Minister Oli
veira Salazar, died Monday.
GET U.S. PLANES
Karachi, Pakistan-(UPD -The
U.S. Embassy here today con
firmed that Pakistan's air
force soon would receive the
first shipment of American
supplied B57 jet bombers.
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