4 Monday, February 23, 195
MAIL TRIBUNE. MEDFORD, ORE.
MEDFORDtSJs&TEttUNB
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March 3. 1897
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Flight fo Time
Medford and Jackson County
History from the files of The
Mail Tribune 10, 20, 30, 40
and 50 years ago.
10 YEARS AGO
Feb. 23, 1949 (Wednesday)
Crater Lake is entirely
frozen over for the first time
officially known to man-recorded
history.
Ray Mack of Climax rd. re
ports being chased about a
field by a tractor.
20 YEARS AGO
Feb. 23. 1939 (Thursday)
Voters of Precinct 25, south
of Rogue River and Gold Hill,
vote down a proposed herd
district 'in that area.
From Arthur Perry's "Ye
Smudge Pot" column: "Mem
bers of the Iowa legislature
had themselves locked up in
state prison, to study prison
conditions. The Oregon legis
lature will take no such
chances."
30 YEARS AGO
Feb. 23. 1929 (Saturday)
Wagner creek is to have a
new schoolhouse.
No reduction in fee for old
cars plan is sidetracked in
the Legislature.
40 YEARS AGO
Feb. 23, 1919 (Sunday)
Ashland's park is being
beautified for the coming sea
son. A court decision upholds
the validity of the Medford
Irrigation district.
50 YEARS AGO
Feb. 23. 1909 (Tuesday)
Ladies of the Greater Med
ford club plan beautification
of the city's west side park,
including a new bandstand.
Medford is to have an elab
orate publicity pamphlet fea
turing a tri-color picture of
Crater Lake on the front
cover.
What's Your I.Q.?
Nina or ten correct if superior;
seven or eight it. excellent; five or
tix is good.
1. What nickname was giv
en to King Richard the First,
of England?
2. Was Silas a companion
of Jesus, Peter, or Paul? '
3. How many ciphers must
be added to the figure one
to express a quintillion?
4. Name the husband of
Minnehaha.
5. If one dies without hav
ing made a will, he said to
have died "in te."
. 6. What is the meaning of
the colloquial expression
"staff of life?"
7. Willy Brandt, who re
cently visited Washington is
Mayor of what divided Euro
pen City?
8. Does a violin have four,
five, or six strings?
9. What is meant by the
Fourth Estate? ' ' "
10. In what city is there a
great fish market known as
Billingsgate?
1. "Lion Hearted. 2. Paul.
3. Eighteen. 4. Hiawatha. S.
Interstate. 6. Bread. 7. Berlin.
West. 8. Four. 9. The Press.
10. London.
WONDERFUL HEARSE
London - (UPD - Florist
George Dennis, 50, spent sev
eral hours today polishing his
"new" private hearse a
75-year-old, glass-sided, horse
drawn job.
"All my family had horse
drawn hearses at their funer
als and I'm determined to
have the same," he said. "This
one is wonderfuL "
(The following editorial Is reprinted from the Dec.
4, 1957 issue of the Mail Tribune. It was announced
in Valley Forge, Pa., today that the editorial has been
awarded a George Washington Honor Medal as one of
the "most significant" editorials pertaining to the Bill
of Rights and individual liberties under our form of
Constitutional government. It was one of 33 editorials
thus selected from throughout the United States.)
Liberty vs. License
'i
Americans are rightly jealous of their free
dom their liberty to do as they will without
hindrance. -
This' historic trait, which has grown for a
longer time than the nation has existed, is an ad
mirable one. But, like every other good trait, it
can be overextended.
In the democratic philosophy, liberty should
extend just so far as the liberty of the next man.
In other words, one can do anything he wants un
less it harms another.
That is the test of when liberty becomes li
cense. ()NE sees examples of this on all sides, and at
all levels, in big things and small.
It was true when the early "timber barons"
cut off the forests of Michigan and the Dakotas,
leaving infertile and flood-producing hills for
future generations.
It is true of the reckless driver. No one cares
particularly if HE gets hurt it is the lives and
property of the others he endangers that require
traffic law enforcement.
It is true of the obnoxious couple in the theat
er, who loudly munch popcorn or. converse freely
without thought of the discomfort or inconven
ience to others.
ONE of the classic examples was the judicial
X Ullll ly.lJ.ClU J-A tUVfll Ul OAA VA. WO 11 V ti gl V Is
anyone a right to yell "Fire!!" in a crowded
theater.
There are other examples, close to home both
in time and distance.
Does one man's enjoyment of a fishing stream
entitle him to oppose, on any basis, measures de
signed to control floods for the protection of the
lives and property of others? "
Does one family's desire to own a home with
out restrictions grant them the right to construct
a septic tank the overflow from which threatens
the health of their neighbor's children?
Does a logger's right
with it the right to do so
stream pollution and the danger of erosion?
Does a man's right to do business grant him
the authority to destroy property values of an
other, perhaps by building a 1 wrecking-yard or
slaughterhouse next door to an attractive home?
.
THESE are- questions which any growing com-
munity must face, and think about, and 'an
swer. For they are questions which contually arise
as more and more people settle in an area. And if
they are not settled, in principle, they will result
in bitterness and acrimony. And then it will be
too late. In some instances, it is already too late.
In determining the principles which" govern
human relationships, one must go back to those
which have been proven, time and time again, and
are the only ones which will work. They stem, ac
tually, from the Golden Rule.
And in a democracy they can be embodied in
the idea, of "the greatest good for the greatest
number," and the belief that there should be the
greatest possible liberty for all but license for
none. E.A. .
Timing a British Election
"Unfair," Americans would cry if their Presi
dent could and did call a national election just
when things were breaking well for his admin
istration. Yet that is often the British practice.
Whether Prime Minister Macmillan calls an elec
tion for this May may well depend on whether
his visit to Moscow beginning J? eb. 21 is chalked
up as a success.
Also, British budgets are submitted early in
April, and some tax reductions are predicted in
the new one. The Government would expect the
voters to react favorably to tax reductions fol
lowing any easing in international tensions.'
A ND certainly the Macmillan regime could use
some political breaks. Although the public
opinion polls some months ago showed it ahead,
today they show it no better than nip arid tuck
with the Labor party. And the Government has
lost strength in most of the recent bye (special)
elections for the House of Commons.
Of course a prime minister is not completely
free in fixing the date for general elections. The
maximum time between them is five years
and the last previous one was held in May 1955.
Also, no government can hold on very long if its
margin in Commons is shaky.
The Labor Government of 1950 lasted less than
20 months after elections of that year had given
it (the British would say "them") a Commons
majority of only 7. The Conservatives achieved
an 18-seat margin in October 1951 (Labor had
the popular majority) and increased it to 58 in
May 1955. But it's against British tradition for
the same party to. win three spaced out elections
in a row. E. R. R.
to harvest timber cany
in a way which creates
Dennis the
'HAVEOU LOOKED IHTXAS,MzMTCtilL? fJEMNIS IS.
ALWAYS T41KIN' ABOUT QOlti' THERE.
Matter of Fact
THE REASON WHY'
Washington - A question of
great importance is under
lined by Nikita Khrushchev's
HLV "LPPfll ansrv. war
like answer
to the WestT
era . A 1 1 i e s'
note on Ber
lin. The ques
tion is why
the American
g o v e rnment
is so remark
ably compla-
4nspb Alsop t"" "
Berlin crisis. On the face of
the facts, complacency is ut
terly unjustified. At the very
outset, Khrushchev commit
ted himself to use force,
if need be, to get his way at
Berlin. He has now renewed
that commitment in unvarn
ished terms. For just these
reasons, partial military mo
bilization is actually advocat
ed by many old hands at deal
ing with the Soviets. These
men are Dean G. Acheson,
who strongly supports the
firm policy of John Foster
Dulles, and George F. Ken
nan, who bitterly criticizes
the Dulles policy.
But instead of mobilization,
we have continued disarma
ment. And instead of the earn
est concern that is being
voiced by men like Acheson,
the most intelligent officials
of the State Department went
on parroting the story that
"the Kremlin has got itself
into a box on Berlin and
wants out." At least they did
this until Khrushchev's last
speech.
THE American government
has been complacent, in
short, because the American
government has been cheer
fully convinced that Nikita
Khrushchev did not mean a
word that he said about fight
ing to get his way at Berlin.
The reason for this conviction
can be given, in turn, in four
short words: Quemoy and the
"Bison."
To begin with the first part
of this seeming-magical form
ula, Quemoy's profound ef
fect on the State Department
is really impossible to exag
gerate. The decision was
taken - by Secretary of State
Dulles almost single-handed
- to risk war rather than per
mit the Communists to seize
the off-shore islands by naked
force. The gamble paid off,
too.
Furthermore, there can be
very little doubt (and Secre
tary Dulles feels no doubt at
all) that fiie gamble paid off
because of the 'American de
terrent, which lay in wait far
from the battlefront. The test
of nerves on the islands with
what may not be called false
weapons, convinced the Com
munist high command that
there was real danger of the
eventual use of real weapons.
To avoid this danger, the at
tack on Quemoy was called
off.
FROM this experience, Sec
retary Dulles reasoned by
analogy that the threat to Ber
lin will also be withdrawn,
if the Communist high com
mand is again convinced that
there is real danger of the
eventual use of real weapons.
This was the most constantly
repeated Dulles argument,
both before Christmas, and
again on his last courageous
trip abroad.
As for the other part of
the seeming-magical formula,
an over-estimate of -Soviet
production of the "Bison"
bomber has also affected the
Defense Department in a way
that cannot possibly be exag
gerated. In response to this
"Bison" over-estimate, form
er Secretary of Defense
Charles E. Wilson was driven
to increase output of our own
B-52 bomber. This was just
as well, since the B-52s are
about the only effective force-in-being
we now have. Yet
the Defense Department has
never recovered from the ap
parently shattering experi
ence of being driven to in
crease its own efforts by an
Menace
By Joseph Alsop
over-estimate of the Soviets'
effort.
"VlfE gave them too much
' credit in the Bison case,"
the Defense leaders are al
ways in effect saying; "and
by God, we're not going to
make the same mistake
again." Because of the
"Bison" story, in other words,
the Defense leaders think they
can safely ignore Khrush
chev's claims to great powers
with long and medium-range
missiles, just as the State De
partment makes light of
Khrushchev's highly specific
threats to Berlin because of
the Quemoy story.
The two arguments, from
the "Bison" experience and
the Quemoy experience, may
both be N right. God knows,
every American and every
other friend of freedom every
where must pray that these
arguments are indeed right,
in. every minute detail.
But one cannot forget that
the "Bison" overstatement is
the only one on record, in a
long trail .of other American
national estimates that have
been much , too smugly opti
mistic about Soviet military
capabilities. One cannot for
get either that there is no
room at Berlin for the kind
of safe test of nerves that
took place at Quemoy. Above
all, one cannot forget the tone
taken by Nikita Khrushchev.
For all these reasons, the
further question arises, wheth
er Dean Acheson's judgment
of the risks is not better than
the prevailing official judg
ment. (Copyright 1959 New York
Herald Tribune Inc.)
Communications
Letters to the Editor must
bear the name and address of
the writer although under cer
tain circumstances the use of a
pen name or initial for publica
tion is permissible. The Mail
Tribune reserves the right to
edit all letters with an eye to
clarification and condensation
Letters submitted for publica
tion must not exceed 400 words.
Beard Issue
To the Editor: Well, a
strategic retreat from the
brink of beard issue was ac
complished with little loss of
dignity and the beard intact,
though there was grave doubt
for a while. For the attack was
real and had all the fervor
and determination of a Molly
Pitcher. That was nigh a
month or more ago when the
opening skirmish came, "Just
when do you plan on shaving
again?" "Already shaved."
"Where?" "Can't you detect
that denuded portion that
marks the Abe Lincoln pat
tern?" (Pregnant silence).
"Don't tell me you plan on
harboring one of those beard
things?" "Just that." (More
pregnant silence). Then:
"Well, if other wives can put
up with it, maybe I can. But
it sure makes you look a
hundred years old or more."
There was more to it than
that, as all centennial year
husbands will readily realize.
Some there are who failed to
survive the fight, their beard
less and haggard features
mute testimony to the brave
fight they put up. But making
me look older is nothing in
my way of life. For when
one is right up against the
four score year mark, there is
compensating pride in the ac
cumulating years. And old as
I am,. I learned something of
this stroking of the beard, so
noticable with grandpa Clif
ford who nursed a long white
beard, save for, a slightly
brownish tinge ! down the
center from his 87 years of
home-made tobacco chewing.
My learning came sudden,
like at the breakfast table
when my dear and watchful
one chortled with ill-concealed
sadistic joy, "Just what
are you planning to do with
that provender hanging on
your, er, beard?" A quick ap
prehensive stroke of the, er,
beard brought forth a tiny
toast crumb, barely an antr
Bar Association Report May Attack U.S.
Supreme Court on Communist Rulings
By LYLE C. WILSON
Washington (UPD Chief
Justice Earl Warren will not
like some of this week's news
from Chicago.
Neither will
most of his
S u p reme
Court col
leagues care
for what is in
the works.
In the works
is a plan
which very
likely will put
yle ii, Wilson
the American Bar Association
on record with - a cerefully
worded complaint against the
U.S. Supreme Court.
The complaint, in layman's
language, would be something
like this: That the court has
actively, consistently and dan
gerously weakened the de
fenses of the United States
and the several states against
the subversive activities o f
Communism and Communists.
There will be no suggestion,
of course, that the court has
done this deliberately. A spe
cial Bar Association commit
tee has prepared for submis
sion today or Tuesday to the
ABA House of Delegates a re
port o n Communist tactics,
strategy and objectives in the
United States. The House of
Delegates meets in Chicago
today and Tuesday.
May Become ABA Policy
The ABA board' of Direct
ors screens reports to the
House of Delegates and might
prevent submission of this
one. The special committee,
however, has voted to submit
the report. Bar Association
spokesmen believe it will sur
vive the screening process and
go before the House of Dele
gates. This latter organization
is the ABA policy-making
body.
Tne House of Delegates can
adopt or reject the special
committee report. Adoption
would make it an official ut
terance of the bar association,
itself, which is something
some important elements of
the-i association hope to pre
vent. Odds, however, favor
adoption of the report, A re
port on the same subject was
drawn a year ago but was not
submitted for consideration
by the House of Delegates.
It was published in the Aug.
22, 1958, Congressional Rec
ord. The 1959 report will con
tain proposals for corrective
measures against a series of
Supreme Court decisions
which began about three years
ago. There are 23 such de
cisions, so far.
The 1958 report contained
10 proposed corrective meas
ures intended, in effect, to re
verse the Supreme Court by
legislation.
Bill Approved
The House Judiciary Com
mittee approved last week a
bill to counteract the court's
decision on the anti-Commu
nist Smith Act.
load, certainly not sufficient
for a mid-morning snack as
was suggested.
So now I've learned the
habit of beard stroking. A
very important training con
ducive to double-harness win
(with beard to show handi
cap). F. J. Clifford
Route 2, Box 200F
Central Point.
45 Cold Noses
To the Editor: I write from
the Sanctuary, a refuge for
homeless dogs upon a hill
farm in southern Indiana. I
am the staff - the one fight
ing woman who is trying to
hold the place together. In
times past those who love
dogs have been good to us,
and so we ask again, bearing
in mind our debt in grati
tude. We need food (of any sort)
and old towels, blankets or
pieces. Almost anything . has
an application here.
Forty-five cold noses and
warm hearts salute you!
Mrs. Louise Wood
The Sanctuary
Route 2, Box 264,
Martinsville, Ind.
Blast Annie!!
To the Editor: Since there
is now once more, a discus
sion going on regarding the
use and upkeep of the top-or
park- on Roxy Ann, why not
consider this: Have the top
blasted or bulldozed off of
said Annie hill so that all of
Medford, et al, can see and
benefit from a wonderful
view of Mt. McLoughlin. That
would be really something. It
could be paid for by public
subscription and placing a lot
of jars around the city and
county for contributions.
What a scenic grandeur that
would be! Far greater stunts
have been executed, and for
less objectives.
Of course, this project is
not as important as cleaning,
and keeping clean, that foul
and disease-breeding stream
of water now known as Bear
Creek, formerly Stewart
Creek.
When and if you want my
contribution just yell-"Blast
Annie!"
(Name on File)
Ashland
In Yates vs. the United
States, the Supreme Court re
versed two Federal courts and
ruled that the teaching and
advocacy of forcible over
throw of the U. S. Govern
ment, even with evil intent,
was not punishable under the
Smith Act so long as the ad
vocacy was divorced from any
effort actually to start a revo
lution going.
Dominican
But Unfree, May Face Trouble
(Editor's note: The suc
cess of the revolution in
Cuba has fanned new ru
mors and speculation about
other strong-man govern
ments in Latin America.
The three most widely men
tioned as possible revolu
tionary target are the Do
minican Republic, Paraguay
and Nicaragua. UPI for
eign news editor Phil New
som will devote his next
three foreign commentaries
to the situations in each of
these. countries. Today: The
Dominican Republic.)
By PHIL NEWSOM
UPI Foreign News Editor
Generalissimo Rafael L.
Trujillo has a simple philoso
Washington Report
By WILLIAM
Washington-The decline of
one power position within
any Administration is follow
ed, in the phy
sical law of
politics, by a
corresponding
I rise of one or
more other
nower dosi-
i t i o n s, John
Foster Dulles
hag been, tak
ing all in all,
the strong
man of the Eisenhower
"team." Now, in his grave ill
ness, the power structure
within the Eisenhower Ad
ministration is shifting basi
cally all over the field of
government and not merely in
foreign affairs.
There are two merging
new forces, and they are co-
operative and not rival
groups. They might be called
the Anderson group and the
Nixon group. The first re
volves around Secretary of
the Treasury Robert B. An
derson. The second, of course,
is led by Vice President Rich
ard M. Nixon.
NIXON, by coincidence, has
just returned from a brisk
visit to his native California
in which he had obvious suc
cess in rallying fellow Re
publicans from the clammy
defeatism resulting from last
November's elections. He has
come . back, moreover, amid
straws in the wind (polls and
the like) suggesting that Gov
ernor Nelson Rockefeller of
New York still has a long way
to go to take the 1960 Presi
dential nomination away from
him.
And, finally, the Vice Pres
ident has returned ready,
willing and able to take up
an even larger share of re
sponsibility in directing the
national Republican party.
No one in the Administra
tion, of course, is talking
openly of the new lines of
authority now developing in
Dulles' absence. And there is,
of course, no formality to this
fresh pattern of actual power.
Indeed, there is genuine de
sire on every hand to be
lieve, as the President him
self believes, that Dulles is
far from through as the di
recting head of foreign policy.
BUT even under the most
favorable prospects for
Dulles' - illness and his con
tinued ability to control for
eign affairs, this much is all
too obvious: He cannot pos
sibly continue to contribute
to the inner stability of the
A d m i n i s tration over the
whole broad scope of its
work, quite apart from for
eign affairs, as he has done
so long.
Much new and -varied re
sponsibility, therefore, will
fall upon the Anderson group
and the Nixon group. The An
derson circle already controls
and expresses the Administra
tion's attitudes on all mone
tary matters. It is likely now
to broaden its field of action
and assume responsibility for
practically every part of the
Don't Neglect Slipping
FALSE TEETH
Do fils teeth drop, slip or wobble
ben you ttlk. eat, laugh or sneeze?
Don't be annoyed and embarrassed
by such handicap. FASTEETH, an
alkaline (non-acid) powder to sprin
kle on your plates, keeps false teetb
more firmly set. Gives eonfident feel
ing of security and added comfort.
Bo tummy, gooey, pasty taste v feel
ing Oft 'ASTKTa today at ao
ink "TiiakWi
jLrttM Til
William S.
White
The Bar Association special
committee said in 1958 the
No. 1 Communist tactic at
that time was nullification of
the Smith Act. The Supreme
Court has nullified it in con
siderable degree. FBI Direc
tor J.Edgar Hoover testified
in January, 1958, that of 109
top Communists convicted un
der the Smith Act of subver
sive activities, 49 by then had
Dictatorship, Rich
phy that goes spmething like
this:
Every citizen has the duty
tc work for national progress;
that progress
will suffer if
the people
spend time on
political dis
putes. In his Dom-
. ican Republic,
V&l he sees that
nobody will
waste time ar-
Phil Newsom gumg puiiuub,
particularly those of his re
gime. Trujillo has wielded abso
lute power over his Caribbean
country for 30 years, stamp,
ing out almost all organized
S. WHITE
internal, or houseke e p i n g,
conduct of the Administra
tion. The Nixon circleand in
practice this will mean Rich
ard M. Nixon personally, for
he is really a one-man operator-may
be expected to take
on an even larger mandate.
Nixon for years has been the
President's chief political
agent in dealings with Con
gress on all domestic issues.
NOW, he will also act as
chief political agent with
Congress on foreign issues as
well-a task that Dulles has
been doing. This Nixon must
do even if, happily, Dulles'
stout heart should continue
to make his replacement as
Secretary of State , unneces
sary. And should the appoint
ment of another Secretary
become necessary, the Vice
President's practical responsi
bilities would become noth
ing short of immense.
Then he would become, in
fact, a kind of super Secre
tary of State over whoever
was appointed to that post.
For, as Dulles himself has so
clearly shown, a successful
Secretary of State must carry
Congress even though it
sometimes be a reluctant Con-
gress-with him even before
he carries the allies with him.
At this late stage of the
game, no possible successor to
Dulle could hope to catch up
with our gravely complicated
affairs throughout the world
while simultaneously creating
the necessary personal posi
tion with Congress.
(Copyright, 1959. by United
Feature Syndicate. Inc.)
SHOT TO DEATH
McLean, Va. (UPD Helen
T. Gardner, 51, divorced wife
of former Assistant Air Force
Secretary T r a v o r Gardner,
was found shot to death Sun
day at her estate here. Police
said she committed suicide.
Reasonable Funerals
(Priced for Everyone)
FRIENDLY.
1
M' -
7$
rY
. t$Zi jF w.wjapayr, P,Hr'"- T
been set free by Supreme
Court rulings.
The 1958 report badly stat
ed that Congress should move
to -safeguard the nation
against the overall trend of
the court in the area of sub
version. The 1958 report is
said to be stronger. If so, the
chief justice and most of his
associates will find it un
pleasant reading.
internal resistance. But the
successful overthrow of the
Batista dictatorship in Cuba
has sent ripples to Dominican '
shores.
Exiles In Caracas
Early in February, 14 per
sons took refuge in the Vene
zuelan Embassy in Ciudad
Trujillo, the first sign of in
ternal unrest in a long time.
But it would seem the main
impetus for any serious chal
lenge to Trujillo would have
to come from without.
A number of prominent Do
minican exiles have gathered
in Caracas, Venezuala. Cuban
revolutionary hero Fidel Cas
tro gave Venezuelans a
heavy share of the credit for
his victory.
Castro is known to be sym
pathetic to the anti-Trujillo
cause and there are strong,
although unconfirmed, reports
that some of his battle-hardened
rebels are training recruits
both in Venezuala and Cuba
for possible guerrilla war
fare in the Dominican Re
public. Trujillo, reputed to have
one of the best intelligence
forces in the Western Hemis
phere, could be expected to
be fully prepared for any in
vasion attempt.
He is believed to have an
army of about 20,000-trained
by U. S. Marines but as yet
untested in battlq.
He has his own arms fac
tory, a navy that includes
two former British destroyers,
and a fighter-bomber air force
that includes some jets.
It would appear that any
attempt to crack this would
have to be well-organized,
well-equipped and prepared
for a long siege.
The Dominican Republic oc
cupies the eastern two-thirds
of Hispaniola Island, about
midway, between Cuba and
Puerto Rico. The rest of the
island comprises Haiti.
The Dominicans had to
fight four times for their in
dependence in the last cen
tury but this left the country
in such a state of chaos the
United States had to occupy
it for an eight-year period that
ended in 1924.
Became President in 1930
Trujillo became president
in 1930. Since then he has
ruled either as president or
commander-in-chief of the
armed forces (his present
title) without opposition.
His brother, Hector, has
held the title of president
since 1952 but there is no
doubt as to the real man in
charge.
Trujillo balanced the coun
try's budget last year for the
first time. Its international
debts are paid and credit is
good. The Dominican peso is
free and has held its value at
$1 U. S.
Internally, the Trujillo fa
mily, now fabulously wealthy
owns many of the major in
dustries and is able to retain
a firm control on the econ
omy.
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