i
4 ' Tkanity, Fee-rutty I, 15
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Flight 'o Time
Medford and Jackson County
History from the files of The
Mail Tribune 10, 20. 30, 40
and 50 years ago.
10 YEARS AGO
Feb. 5. 1949 (Saturday)
: : Plans are made for a second
'j quiz program to help finance
,f completion of the Hawthorne
I park swimming pool.
H Medford's record-breaking
cold spell enters its 43rd day.
! 20 YEARS AGO
i Feb. 5, 1939 (Sunday)
A Medford resident in need
v of ready cash offers a 100-
year-old pair of spectacles for
; sale.
From Arthur Perry's "Ye
Smudge Pot" column: "Bad
! minton has hit the rural areas,
1 and city lovers of the horse
- are talking about forming a
3 hunt club to chase a jackrat-
' bit s in a red coat, and yell
; fTallyho.' "
; 30 YEARS AGO
. Fab. 5, 1929 (Tuesday)
! 'A local ham reports last
; night was one of the best on
3 record for radio, as he got
New York with ease.
Southern Oregon starts to
I Hood the legislature with de
j mands for financial aid to irri-
gation districts.
; 40 YEARS AGO
a Feb. 5. 1919 (Wednesday)
3 The Jackson County Farm
bureau membership campaign
gains headway.
I John H. Cochran returns
5 from a business trip to Port-
land and Salem.
I 50 YEARS AGO
' Feb. 5. 1909 (Friday)
The upstate press lends its
I support . to the Crater Lake
' road proposal.
I The critical public chimes
In as a new, homegrown tele
' phone group seeks to buck the
J Bell company.
Whafs Your I.Q.?
. Nine or ten correct is superior;
I seven er eight is excellent; five er
, six is good.
"-i" What, colors are in the
;lag of France?
2. What is a unicameral leg-
Islature?
I 3. If you commit a lapsus
linguae, of what are you
i guilty?
i - -4. Name the author of the
J story, "The Gold Bug.".
5. Correct the following
"The speaker contrasted the
; defenses of France to those
'of Italy."
6. What is a carafe?
7. In the nursery rhyme,
t what King called for what?
.. 8. What is an ohm? '
- 9. The game of poloorigin-
- ated where?
: 10. Is it possible for ice to
i attain a temperature lower
than, freezing?
C Answers: 1. Red, while and
blue. 2. One having only on
; house. 3. Slip of the tongue,
4. Edgar Allan Po. 5. " . . ,
France with those 6.
Glass water bottle. 7. Cole-
pipe." bow. fiddlers three. 8.
Unit of electrical resistance,
9. India. 10. , Yes.
BAD TO WORSE
I ' Chicago-4CPI)- Leonard Low.
enstein, 32, explained today
why he fled from a policeman,
, only' to wind up with eight
tickets : for reckless driving,
speeding, improper turns and
. going through a red light.
. didn't want to get a ticket,"
- he said.
i
Penny Wise, Pound Foolish
' -
1 Our Washington correspondent, A. Robert
Smith, had a revealing piece in this paper the
other day, having to do with the Eisenhower ad
ministration's proposed budget for the forest
service.
Total expenditures proposed are nearly $129
million. . .
Cash income for the year from forest service
operations will just about equal this amount. So,
on a dollars-and-cents . basis, the forest service
will be self-supporting during the coming fiscal
year if the budget is approved unchanged.
DUT, in our view, the forest service is not, never
has been, and never should be looked upon as
a dollars-and-cents agency, where expenditures
have to be bala: against income. . '
In the westr. ctates, in particular, and in
Oregon in most 3.ticular, the forest service
serves as the basis of a goodly slice of the econ
omy, with thousands of jobs depending on it, and
the amount of timber made available for har
vesting. And even more important, the forest service
is charged with the care and management of the
forests a major resource, important in more
ways that just lumber economics for the years
to come.
THE proposed budget is about $6,787,200 less
than the amount originally proposed by the
forest service as necessary for its operation.
One item was increased over the current fiscal
year, to be sure that for timber sales, the one
place where added expenditures can be expected
to show an immediate return to the federal treas
ury- . .....
In all other categories, the budget was either
cut from the forest service's proposals, or held
about even with current
For instance, the amount allocated for road
construction was cut; personnel housing and fa
cility construction funds were cut; the recreation
al program's funds were cut by 15 per cent; insect
control funds were cut; cooperative tree-planting
funds were cut; research funds were cut, as were
other budget items.'
TN SHORT, according to a report made by the
staff of the Senate interior committee, the
reductions "occur in capital investment type op
erations which are the key to long-term develop
ment." r
Is this true economy? We would say no ; to the
contrary, it is short-sighted and penny-wise-pound-foolish.
' Smith's article points out' that the access road
fund decrease will work a hardship, particularly
on small timber purchasers, by reason of the fact
that the forest service will
timber purchasers to do more road construction
a job which in most cases only the larger op
erators are prepared to undertake.
SEN. Richard L. Neuberger, in commenting on
trio oministraHnn'o nrnnnaala Vias f rns tn snv
"In my opinion, the proposed budget does not re
. fleet a realistic appraisal by the administration of the
management requirements involved in the full multiple-use
of our timber resources . . . Here is one
budget area where increased governmental investment
cannot be criticized as an 'unbalancing' factor, inas
much as revenue from forest service operations has
consistently provided a profit margin."
It is true, of course,
under heavy pressure to
line, and so on. And when defense expenditures
account for some $45 billion to $49 billion of the
$77 billion budget (and
small for safety), one
bureau of the budget is
every spare nickel off spending proposals.
DUT we cannot help
Lippmann, when he
f uture is limited only by
own daring, and our own willingness to spend
(or "invest ) enough to see that it continues to
grow and develop.
The "off-vvith-their-heads" type of budget
balancers, the ones who criticize budgets as "too
big" without pointing out where they can be
safely cut; who forget that from one-half to two
thirds of the federal budget is for defense and
security items; who would even revert to the asi
nine and inexcusable proposal of-a 10 per cent
"across the board" budget cut without examina
tion or thought these are showing a lack of
faith in this country's ability to grow, to do for
itself the things that must be done for an un
limited future, to make the investment in America
which will triple its dividends in the future.
SMITH'S article closes by saying: "
"Project this kind of squeeze (on the forest service)
to other agencies and you see how the president could
propose to balance the budget for next year." '
People in this area are familiar with the forest
service's work, and with its needs. ;
If they were as familiar with the work of
other federal agencies, which presumably have
sustained similar cut-backs, they would probably
find similar signs of short-sighted parsimony.
There are undoubted places where the budget
can be cut without danger to the future, and we
hope that Congress can ferret them out.
But they, do not lie in areas (like the forest
service) where a dollar saved today is many dol
lars lost tomorrow, nor in areas where the health
and, welfare of the economy and of the people
are at stake. E.A.
levels. '
have to revert to asking
that the administration is
cut spending, to hold the
are criticized as being too
can understand how the
lookmg for ways to lop
but agree with Walter
declares that America's
our own imagination, our
Dennis the
Matter of Focf ; joSePh aisoP
PLAYING RUSSIAN
ROULETTE
Washington - The allegedly
"calculated risk" that Presi
dent Eisenhower and Secre-
I tary of Defense
4 Neil McElroy
are now tak
ing with the
n a t i onal de
fense is pre
cisely compar
able to the
risk taken by
neurotic teen
agers who
n 1 a v Pnccian
Jospb Aisop
roulette. There may well be
five chances out of six that
McElroy is right in thinking
the Soviets will not have the
missile power to destroy this
country, just as there are five
chances out .of six that a Rus
sian roulette player will not
blow his brains out. But there
is also the sixth chance that
the Soviets will have this kind
of missile power before very
long.
The existence of the sixth
chance is undeniable, because
Secretary McElroy's forecast
of Soviet missile capabilities
is not based on absolute
knowledge. It is exclusively
based on the "national esti
mates." These forecasts . are
made by honorable and ex
pert men, working with a vast
mass of data. -But the man
chiefly responsible, CIA.. Di
rector Allen W. Dulles, would
be the last to claim any sa
cred infallibility for his fig
ures. FAR from being infallible,
the American officials fore
casts of Soviet weapons de
velopment have rather regu
larly fallen short of what the
Soviets actually accomplished.
In the case of missile develop
ment, moreover, total catas
trophe may perhaps be the
price of the kind of estimating
error that is well within the
range of possible error. That
is the new feature of the
situation, which makes the
Eisenhower - McElroy policy
into a Russian roulette game
played with this nation's fu
ture. In order to see why there
is no exaggeration in these
statements, it is only neces
sary to assume that the na
tional estimates indeed con
tain a quite modest error. On
the basis of the estimates, Sec
retary McElroy said the So
viets are not yet mass-produc
ing their ICBMs. Nikita
Khrushchev says the opposite,
Suppose that Khrushchev is
teliing the truth, and suppose
that production began last
May, after the last certainly
identified Soviet ICBM test
in April, 1958.
. '
SUPPOSE further that initial
Soviet output was at the
rate of 15 ICBMs a month-the
rate of output we could to
day atain with our own Atlas
ICBM, if we wished to spend
the money for it. Suppose,
finally, that the Soviets acti
vate a second ICBM produc
tion line in the middle of this
year. If the Soviets have fool
ed Secretary McElroy and the
national estimators by just
this narrow margin, they will
have a stock of about 350
ICBMs by the end of 1959.
For some time after the end
of 1959, the United States
Strategic Air Command, plus
a few Atlases on "soft" pads
plus a few IRBMs on "soft"
pads will be the sum of our
retaliatory power at home and
abroad. No part of this struc
ture of retaliatory power wul
be protected by an anti-missile
warning system before the
end of 1959. Thus the whole
structure will be exposed to
surprise missile-attack; and
every significant target in the
entire structure can be cov
ered by 350 Soviet ICBMs,
plus the large stock of IRBMs
which the Soviets have built
for use against SAC's over
seas bases.
A LITTLE American retalia-
xx tory power might indeed
survive a Soviet missile strike
on this imagined scale. But
Menace
without a permanent, large-
scale air alert (which SAC is
not authorized to mount for
the usual budgetary reasons),
the SAC commander, Gen.
Thomas Power, would be
lucky to have 10 per cent of
his force available for bis re
taliatory strike.
"If I have no warning,'
General Power himself has
said, "and if I have no capa
bility to operate under con
ditions of no warning (as by
a permanent air alert), then
it is conceivable you could
knock out SAC."
General Power, being a
very wise man, has also ob
served that "from a deterrent
point of view," w hether
Khrushchev can or cannot
handle the retaliatory" strike
is "not the point. If he thinks
he can, this is just as danger
ous as a real capability." Gen
eral Power has further re
marked that "since the Rus
sians have been subject to
greater disasters than we
have" and have much less
"fear of the loss of human
life, we must not be misled
to think that (the scale of de
struction that) will deter us,
will necessarily deter them."
THESE remarks made by
General Power introduced
the last . vital factor in the
Eisenhower - McElroy Russian
roulette game, which is the
Soviet Air Defense Command
headed by Marshal S. S. Biriu
sov. The Americas Air -Force
has always systematically
down-graded the effectiveness
of air defense; and the nation
al . estimates follow our Air
Force. But the Kremlin has
each year spent from 18 to
22 per cent of the immense
Soviet defense budget on the
air defense command. Hence
one must assume that the
Kremlin disagrees with the-
American Air Staff. Being a
ground-officer, Marshal Biriu
sov is also unlikely to share
our big bomber Generals'
view about air defense. And
only consider what will be
Marshal Biriusov's position if
Khrushchev calls him in one
day, and sternly asks him:
"Can your command hold
damage to this country with
in acceptable limits if 90 per
cent of the enemy's retalia
tory power has already been
destroyed? Or have we been
pouring an average of one
fifth of the whole defense
budget down a rat hole for
the last 13 years?"
What can Biriusov then re
ply, except, "Yes, I can do
my job," or "Yes, but I'd
like another six months?" In
truth, if the circumstances are
allowed to arise in which
those questions can be put to
Marshal Biriusov, the Russian
roulette game will be already
lost.
Copyright 1959, New York
Herald Tribune Inc.
Try and Stop Me
By BENNETT CERF :
A YOUNG MISS got a job as maid in the home of playwright
George Axelrod and couldn't wait to tell, her best friend, a
cook, about her exciting first week. "You should see the famous
people that come ' to the
Axelrods," she exulted. "In
five nights, I waited on
Marilyn Monroe, Kitty Car
lisle, Lauren Bacall, Arlene
Francis, and Frank Sinatra!"
"Glory be," marveled the
cook. "And what do they
talk about?"
"Us," said the maid.
'
Yon Yonson came from Swe
den to Minnesota in 1908. In
1958 he registered his first
serious complaint against the
English language. "Yumpin'
Yiminy," he exploded, "Yust
ven ay learn how to say TELLY dey change it to YAM!?
Wife of a henpecked husband: "Well, are you a man or a mouse?
Squeak up!"
Sign on a lawn near a public beach: "Your feet are killing me!"
" C 1SS9, by Bennett CerL Distributed by Kins Feature Syndicate,
Nasser Adds Russia
s
By PHIL NEWSOM
UPI Foreign News Editor
In the past, President Gamal
Abdel Nasser of the United
A'-pb Republic has tweaked
the nose of the
British lion
and pulled
Uncle Sam's
beard. Now he
also has twist-
i ed the tail of
theRussian
M bear. The out
come of this
1 a t est adven
ture should
prove interesting, since it not
only involves Nasser's avowed
stand as a neutral but also
the Soviet Union's frequently
proclaimed position as a friend
of Arab nationalism.
Here is the declared posi
tion . of those two erstwhile
friends, Nasser and Russian
premier Nikita Khrushchev.
Nasser, Dec. 23, 1958, m
Port Said, Egypt: "We shall
smite down anybody who is
opposed to Arab nationalism
. . . the Communist party in
Syria started working against
our unity and against Arab
nationalism."
First Public Blast
Khrushchev, Jan. 27, 1959,
in Moscow: A warning to
UAR "officials" to stop perse
cuting "progressives" in Arab
countries, because Soviet lead
ers cannot remain silent in
the face of a reactionary cam
paign under "the false slogan
of anti-Communism."
Nasser's Port Said blast was
one of his " first in public
against the Communists.
He followed it up immedi
ately with a roundup of sev
eral hundred Syrian Commu
nists and about 200 suspected
Egyptian Communists. He also
closed two Cairo printing
plants which printed Soviet
and Communist Chinese pam
phlets in Arabic.
Communism long had been
outlawed in Egypt but it was
his first crackdown on- the
Reds in Syria.
Meanwhile, both Syria and
Attempt
ilui jn e ft sum
Egypt collectively (the UAR)ing, of course. Consulting the
Today Cr Tomorrow
By Walter
FULBRIGHT AND DULLES
Senator Green has decided
wisely both in resigning as
chairman r and in remaining
as the senior
member of
the .Commit
tee on Foreign
R e 1 a tions.
Old men, the
used to say,
should not be
leaders but
c o u n c i lors,
Walter ... , . ,
Lippmann With his long
experience and his vigorous
memory will be a good coun
cilor. Senator Fulbright, who suc
ceeds him, is a much younger
man. But he is an old hand.
In terms of his interest and
active participation in foreign
affairs, which dates back to
the early days of the second
World War, there ' are few
if any members of Congress
who have such long and con
tinuous inside knowledge. In
thinking about his differences
with Mr. Dulles, it is well to
remember that insofar as he
has been critical, he has
spoken as one of the pioneers
and early supporters of the
global policies which have
replaced the old isolationism.
As a matter of fact, a study
of his record will show, I
believe, that, the weight of
his criticism has been directed
not against the great pur
poses of foreign policy but
against mistakes and distor
tions in their application.
HIS advent as chairman of
the committee marks a
turning point for the better
in the conduct of our foreign
to Maintain Neutralist Position
were heavily, indebted to the
Soviet Union for previous
military aid and both were
leaning heavily on the Soviet
Union for anticipated eco
nomic aid in Egypt in develop
ing their backward economies.
Had Pledged Aid
For example, the USSR had
pledged Egypt economic and
technical aid in building the
Aswan Dam, key to Nasser's
dream of opening millions of
acres of Sahara Desert lands
to agriculture. At the official
rate of exchange, the Soviet
pledge for the Aswan Dam
came to $100 million. At the
free rate, it is closer to $25
million.
Syria, too, had a $100 mil
lion deal with the Soviets.
This one, signed in late 1957
Nation's Top Defense
Kept Busy Talking to
By FRANK ELEAZER
Washington - (UPD - It seems
like the main thing congress
men want to know from De
fense Secretary Neil H. Mc
Elroy is when are we going
to catch up with Russia. The
other question he keeps hear
ing from House and Senate
committees is: "Mr. Secre
tary, can you come back at
the same time tomorrow?"
So here he was, before the
House Armed Services com
mittee, explaining that on an
overall military basis we
aren't behind Russia, and do
ing it just as politely and pa
tiently as if he hadn't put in
most of his working days
since Congress got organized
doing just this same thmg
This was his sixth com
mittee since mid-January and
his 12th day of testimony.
And when Chairman Carl
Vinson (D-Ga.) dismissed him
at lunchtime, it was the same
old story: Come back at 10
a.m. Thursday.,
McElroy had seen it corn-
Lippmann
policy. For the first time since
the new era which began with
World War II, the Adminis
tration will have a respon
sible and articulate and loyal
opposition. Until the conver
sion of Senator Vanderberg
at the end of the war, the
opposition was sullen and de
structive. The Vandenberg ar
rangement was an emergency
device for getting indispen-
sible things done. But for the
long run it was not a good
method of governing. For in
stead of promoting debate,
which educates the people and
refines the policy of the Ad
ministration, the Vandenberg
bi-partisan system avoided
and evaded debate. The same
must be said for the so-called
bi-partisan arrangement with
Sen. Walter George, who sup
pressed debate when the coun
try . would have been much
better served by a thorough
debate.
The time has now come,
as the last three Congression
al elections have made sharp
ly clear, when - within the
framework of our world re
sponsibilities we must move
beyond the stereotypes and
the slogans of the post-war
years. We cannot stand pat
forever on all the positions
taken in the post-war era.
For the post-war era is end
ing, and here and abroad
among our allies a new gen
eration is on the threshhold
of power. With Sen. Fulbright,
as the chairman of the com
mittee, the windows of the
Senate will be open to the
fresh air of a new time.
BY coincidence, Mr. Dulles,
had just about decided to
go to Western Europe when
Senator Green stepped down.
It is no secret that Mr. Dulles
will be trying to work out
with Dr. Adenauer and our
other big European allies, a
workable policy about Berlin
and Germany. It must be a
policy on which the allies are
agreed and in which the Rus
sians are interested enough
to negotiate. This will not be
easy to achieve, and it may
well be that Mr. Dulles has
now undertaken the most im
portant mission of his whole
career.
It will help him, not hurt
him, if it is known in Europe
that there is building up in
the new Congress' an insist
ence that we move off dead
center, and do something
more than declaim the rea
sons Why we cannot do any
thing at all about anything.
Nor are there so . many as
once there were in this coun
try who are afraid that the
allies will fall apart and that
Congress wlil revert to isola
tionism if we stop consulting
our fears and acting like par
alyzed rabbits.
(Copyright 1959. New York
Herald Tribuna Inc.)
to Imperialist
before the Syrian - Egyptian
merger, provided for vast
projects which included the
building of a railroad, dams,
power stations and irrigation
facilities and gave Russia prac
tically a free hand in oil
explorations.
Both nations had promises
of other loans and technical
assistance from other Iron
Curtain countries, including
Poland, Czechoslovakia and
East Germany.
Attitude May Change
Through 1956 and 1957, one
announcement followed an
other, aU telling of increased
Iron Curtain penetration of
two key areas of the Middle
East.
But what now?
For Russia, the future may
chart he keeps spread out be
fore him, on which each mem
ber is identified by face, name
and location at the big U
shaped committee table, he
could see that 14 of the 37
members were still to be
heard from. Under Vinson's
rules, each gets his moment
of glory.
End Not In Sight
Sort of wearily, it seemed.
McElroy nodded his head.
Gen. Nathan F. Twinine.
chairman of the Joint Chiefs
of Staff and our No. 1 mili
tary man, didn't have to nod
his. He had his orders. He
sits each day at McElroy's
left hand, sometimes as a wit
ness himself and sometimes
as consultant to the boss.
They have sweated out the
questions so far of the Sen
ate Foreign Relations commit
tee (one day); the Senate
Armed Services committee
(two days); the Senate Com
bined Preparedness and Space
committees (one day); the
House Appropriations commit
tee (four days); House Foreign
Affairs committee (one day);
and the House Armed Serv
ices committee (four days as
of today, with the end not
clearly in sight).
An aide in McElroy's Pen
tagon office, who never sees
the chief anymore, inquired
plaintively the other day
whether he could be reached
at his "branch office" in the
Capitol. Of course he can't.
His office is his brief case,
crammed With documents and
(when he has' time between
appearances to prepare them)
summary statements.
Store Appears Unminded
Sometimes the lawmakers
don't even want him to read
these statements. Sen. Lyndon
B. Johnson (D-Tex.) the other
day told the former Proctor
& Gamble boss to forget the
statements, which' he implied
was soft soap, and get right
down to the facts. Johnson
issued this ukase, of course,
in a statement of his own,
and McElroy, possibly on the
strength of this fact, insisted
he had a right to read his. He
read it too.
One thing about it, Mc
Elroy and Twining never are
lonely. Their " top Pentagon
helpers are usually at the
Capitol, too, sometimes in
such depth you wonder who
is minding the store.
Gen. Maxwell D. Taylor,
chief of staff of the Army,
has been called before five
committees so far, sometimes
along with Army Secretary
Wilbur M. Brucker, and for
as many as three days hand
running. fGen. Thomas D.
White, the Air Force chief,
Aaen (rem
RANK MOtSAN -HAROID
DAY OR NIGHT.
-
Site : - y
hold a test of its own im
perialistic policy. In recent
years, both the USSR and Red
China have paid lip service
to the precepts laid down by
the Bandung conference,
namely, no interference , by
large nations in the affairs
of smaller ones. Both have
pledged support to national
ism, regardless of its relation
ship to Communism. That atti
tude now may change.
And what of the UAR? It
is noteworthy that Nasser's
public crackdown on Commu
nism came at a time of im
proving relations with Britain
and the United States. Nasser
has played West against East
before, and successfully. It
may be he plans to do it again.
Officials
Congress
has hit four committees in
cluding one on disarmament.
Air Secretary James H.
Douglas is a Capitol regular
too. Adm. Arleigh A. Burke
and Navy Secretary Thomas
H. Gates Jr. also have been
daily witnesses, raising the
prospect that maybe Gates
got tired of the pace. Any
way, he finally has turned in
his suit.
TODAY
In Oregon History
(A Centennial Feature)
FEBRUARY 5. 1925
Damage estimated at
$250,000 was sustained,
thousands of head of sheep
and cattle were drowned,
houses and small buildings
were swept away, and rail
road bridge was washed out ,
and Vale was covered by
three feet of water after the
dam, on Bully Creek. .19
miles west of Vale, broke at
3 o'clock this morning. The
rushing waters invaded
Vale at 6 a.m., leaving in
their path the carcasses of
300 cows, 3.000 sheep, .and
unnumbered dogs and
horses.
FEBRUARY 5. 1843 . ..
The Oregon Spectator.
Jacksonville, in its first is
sue, out today, carried the
promise of Editor William
C. TVault that the paper
would be non-political in
nature. Editor T'Vault con
tinued in his salutatory: -
"It is our object to give
foreign as well as internal
news. Our means of obtain
ing news at present are lim
ited; but as the country im
proves, facilities for obtain
ing news will improve. Our
columns will be open for
the reception of literary
productions, and all scien
tific gentlemen are invited
to contribute."
the Ceurfhouw
SNODGKASS, FUNEKAl'DSXCTOtS
PHONE SP 2-S030
1 hme, I