4A MAIL TRIBUNE, Mwiford, Oregon, Thursday, January 29, 1959
Outstanding 4-H Member
Follows Brother, Sister
Long and active participa-. with 150 ribbons won at the
tion in the Jackson county 4-H
program is a tradition with
Truman Elmore and his three
brothers, of Applegate.
His older brother now at
Oregon State college was ac
tive in 4-H work in Jackson
county for 10 years. His older
sister, now married, has a like
record. The younger brothers
and sisters plan to continue
in the family way.
Truman has been active in
a number of 4-H projects such
as forestry, electricity, tractor
maintenance, beef and sheep.
Now his main project is hogs.
These many projects his suc
cess with them and his ability
as a junior leader has earned
him the title of "4-H Boy of
The Month" for January.
Hogs Main Project
Truman is specializing in
Poland China hogs and now
has six hogs. He usually tries
to keep about six sows, he
said. The lanky, towheaded
young farmer has three beef
animals left over from his
beef project and 10 sheep.
These projects of Truman's
fit right into the family farm
operation which consists of
620 acres on which the El
mores raise corn, hay, 75 head
of Angus beef animals, 500
head of Corriedale sheep and
35 head of Poland China hogs.
The 4-H senior member has
a successful background of
4-H competition behind him
county and state fair and at
the district 4-H fairs. Other
achievements include his jun
ior leadership of the Apple
gate Swine club, his rating
as an outstanding counselor
at 4-H summer camp and a
member of the team which
twice won the herdsmanship
trophy in swine at the state
fair.
Truman is aiming at an
4-H club work is valuable
since it gives lots of exper
ience in farm problems and
members of this program
learn at first hand how to
manage them. It also provides
farm youth with an oppor
tunity for competition with
others, provides financial help
with farm projects.
Truma nis aiming at an
education at Oregon State col
lege where he plans to study
soils. His brother, Charles is
majoring in animal husbandry
there.
Grading Proposed
For Dressed Turkeys
Salem -A bill to require
grading and grade labeling
of all dressed turkeys sold
through commercial channels
in Oregon will be introduced
in the 1959 legislature under
sponsorship of the Oregon
Turkey Improvement associa
tion. At its annual meeting in
Iowa earlier this month, the
National Turkey association
went on record requesting
U. S. Department of Agricul
ture to establish compulsory
grading and grade labeling of
all turkeys sold in the U. S.
At that meeting, Walt Sch-
wedler of Portland was elect
ed president of the national
federation for the coming
year.
Gold Hill Youth
In Cattle Club
Peterborough, N.H. - John
A. Jaksch III, Gold Hill, has
been accepted for Junior
membership in The American
Guernsey Cattle club.
By qualifying as a junior
member of the AGCC, John
will receive a membership
certficate and have the privi
lege of registering his Guern
sey at the low member rate.
This junior membership will
be in effect until the new
member reaches 21 years of
age
Nearly 900 young people
from all over the United Stat
es have been accepted for
junior membership in the
American Guernsey Cattle
club since this program start
ed in June.
Requirements for junior
membership in the AGCC are
simple. Young people must be
individual owners of one or
more pure bred Guernseys,
and at least one of the animals
must be registered or become
registered at the time the
youngsters application for
membership is processed. Ap
plications for membership
must be endorsed by a state
4-H club leader, county 4-H
Lahonian Alfalfa
Said Best Type
For This Area
Farmers in the southern
Oregon area who plan to
plant alfalfa for hay produc
tion this spring should choose
the variety to be planted with
more than usual care said H.
H. White, superintendent,
Southern Oregon Branch Ex
periment station.
The spotted alfalfa aphid -j
a scourge of alfalfa fields in
much of the United States in
recent years, has reached Ore
gon. Infestations were found
this past season in Umatilla,
Gilliam, and Morrow coun
ties, White noted. The pest
has been a serious factor in
California hay production in
recent years where it did an
estimated $15,000,000 damage
to alfalfa in 1955. Why it has
not crossed the state line
from California into the
southern Oregon area remains
a mystery, he remarked.
The spotted alfalfa aphid
can be controlled by insecti
cides such as malathion, para
thion, Demeton, and phos
drin, White said. However,
this type of control is expens
ive and all the above mater
ials except malathion are ex
tremely poisonous to humans
and warm blooded animals.
This makes them very hazard
ous to use on alfalfa meadows
to be cut for hay.
Probably the best control
method known to date for
southern Oregon growers is
to plant the Lahontan variety
which is known to have a
high degree of resistance to
the spotted aflalfa aphid as
well as resistance to stem ne
matode and bacterial wilt
Besides being resistant to the
spotted alfalfa aphid, stem
nematodes, and bacterial wilt,
Lahontan is one of the high
est hay yielders adapted to
the southern Oregon area. Be
cause of its resistance and vig
or, plantings on the Experi
ment station have lasted much
longer than most other vari
eties, even Talent.
CHIT CHAT
By JOE COWLEY
Mail Tribune Farm Editor
The talks during the pear and peach growers' meetings
this week proved that agriculture is worked successfully
only on a business-like and scientific basis.
The dollar sign and the consumer of the fruit were both
prominent in the background of much of the discussion and
information provided at both meetings. Economy in han
dling the fruit was featured in both sessions. Pear growers
heard about experiments performed locally in bulk-handling
of their fruit. Peach growers learned about the newer type
peach picking box.
cational agricultural supervis
or, or an adult member of the
AGCC.
Full details on the new jun
ior membership program may
be obtained from the Ameri
can Guernsey Cattle club, Pe-
club agent, county agent, vo- terborough, N.H.
This Week's Home For Living
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Bulk handling operations in the United States originated
in the Wenatchee and Yakima, Wash., areas. Although there
has been lots of interest in this new type of fruit handling,
the dollar sign is the real criterion, pointed out Donald Lang-
mo, assistant industrial engineer, Oregon State college.
During the experiments the researchers tried to learn
what is happening to the fruit with both field box and bin
handling of the fruit. In other words, would fewer stem
punctures and skin breaks result to pears through bulk
handling? During the experiments several methods of bulk
handling were examined. There was the gate arrangement
for tilt dumping of fruit, dry dump with the bins containing
built-in flaps raised and lowered by levels and the wet dump.
Total damage of fruit in bins equivalent to' 22 boxes
was 10.3 per cent as compared to 7.77 per cent damage in
field boxes. In the bins equivalent to 13 field boxes damage
was 8.66 per cent compared to 9.30 per cent from field
boxes. Damage in the 27-box size bin was 22 per cent com
pared to 19.16 per cent in the field box method.
Langmo emphasized that much more work has to be
done in the bulk handling research. Cliff Cordy, county
horticultural agent, suggested during the local experiments
that considerable damage came before the dumping. How
ever, information on this is extremely limited, Langmo
pointed out.
Brief examinations showed 10 per cent damage in the
pickers' sacks compared to 12V per cent in the field boxes
and 20 per cent in the pallet bins. Preliminary studies show
a high degree of damage all the way into the packing house
from the field and requires considerable attention. Langmo
emphasized.
Wendel Spence, local fruit grower, showed and ex
plained the new. type of peactt' picking box with which he
plans to replace the conventional picking bucket. This
type of box is not new, Spence said. Information on it was
obtained from the "Western Fruit Grower" magazine.
Wheeler County
Ends Testing on
Bangs Program
Salem-Oregon moved a step
closer toward certification as
a brucellosis-free state witli
completion of te sting in
Wheeler county in December,
M. E. Knickerbocker, chief of
the division of animal industry I
stated in his report to the
state director of agriculture.
This brings the total of Ore
gon counties which have
reached this goal to 28, as
the drive to reach a sough t
for deadline of June, 1959, is
pressed.
Reports from Dr. A. G.
Beagle, in charge of federal
veterinarians in Oregon and
the state veterinarian, Dr. L.
E. Bodenweiser, show that all
herds in Wallowa county
have been scheduled for test
ing and all but 12 herds in
Gilliam county.
The records show a total
697 herds, comprising 24,700
cattle were tested in Decem
ber, yielding 189 reactors and
546 suspects among 73 reactor
herds containing 7,139 cattle.
A total 21,960 calves in
1,093 herds were vaccinated
against brucellosis (Bang's)
disease. There were 2,338
herds milk or cream ring
tested, containing 46,760 esti
mated cattle, with 162 sus
picious herds disclosed.
"There is no limitation on
the vaccination of heifer
calves against brucellosis at
the proper age at Federal ex
pense, and cattle owners
should utilize the service of
fered and have all dairy calves
between five and eight months
of age and beef calves be-
Centennial Soil
Study Underway
The box with its web-like harness holds 23 pounds net
weight and holds equivalent to two-thirds of a field box.
One drawback is that the web snap on strap cross-harness
inclines to cut into the picker's shoulders. The hooks on
the straps, however, are easy to remove from the screw
eyes on the box. During the time he has used them, Spence
said he observed no spillage or broken boxes.
Once the picker unsnaps his harness the boxes are used
just like field or lug boxes, Spence explained. They can be
nested and one-third more of these boxes can be delivered
back to the orchards. Using 700 boxes 8 to 10 tons of fruit
can be picked each day without running out. This type
of operation eliminates a second handling of the fruit from
the tree into the lug boxes, the local grower pointed out.
Another advantage of this type of picking, picking can
be better controlled. Boxes can be placed where the picking
is being done. Then, too, the fruit can be picked as to
color, cullage, etc. Spence said he used to pay by the hour
for picking but when the new picking box started paying
by piece work. Good pickers, he said, could pick a ton a
day. Some would fall as low as 200 pounds and these would
be eliminated.
Salem - Soil augers are bor
ing into the secrets of many
farm lands in a spring off
shoot of the Century Farm
program instituted last year
by the Oregon Historical so
ciety and the State Depart
ment of Agriculture.
In this Centennial soils
probe, the state Extension
Service joins the Century
Farm sponsors to determine
the effect of 100 years of land
use on the available plant iiu
trients. The extension j service pro
posed the soils studies of the
historical farms and actual
soil samples are now being
collected by the county ex
tension agents in the 15 coun
ties where Century Farms
were recognized last year.
The soil samples will be
tested in the state soil testing
laboratory at Corvallis. Own
ers and the public will be
advised of results.
At this point, no one knows
quite what the sampling pro
cedures may reveal. It isn't
quite as easy to define the
end result of this secondary
program as it was of the Cen
tury Farm program itself.
By-Producls Expected
But here are some by-pro
ducts which the soils special-
tween four to 12 months,
given this immunization," the
federal veterinarian urged.
Brucellosis of animals is
transmittable to humans as
undulant . fever and causes
serious, long-lasting illness in
most humans affected, Dr.
Beagle emphasized, in addi
tion to stressing the "serious
economic losses suffered with
disease-infected cattle.
Of efforts to eradicate tu
berculosis infection in cattle,
432 herds (6,513 cattle) were
tested and two reactors found
on two infected premises with
21 suspects listed.
Local Men Attend
Feed Conference
roughage fed the herd. The next day the samples are tested
and records calculated by the supervisor. The dairyman
receives his records by mail.
Under the Oregon weigh-a-day program a dairyman
enrolls in weigh-a-day a-month plan and obtains necessary
forms and instructions from his county extension agent. The
dairyman weighs each cow's milk morning and evening on
the 15th of the month. He records the weights on the record
forms supplied him. Milk records for each cow for the
month, production-to-date, monthly herd records, and year-to-date
herd totals are calculated by using the computer
table in the record kit.
ists at the extension service
and the other sponsors say
may come forth:
1. Useful and constructive
historical ' facts pertaining to
agriculture and land use.
2. Basic facts about Oregon
soils that may need further
study.
And Tom Vaughan, director
of the historical society, is
wondering if the tests will
reveal that soil patterns had
an important role in the early
settlements in the state.
In 1958, 354 farmers re
ceived the Century Farm
award at Oregon State Fair
ceremonies climaxing the pro
gram that year. In the soil
testing, farms in commercial
production will be covered
first. The soil testing started
early this month and will be
continued through mid-February.
The sponsors say general
results of the survey will be
available early in May. Fit
tingly, enough, this means
that first announcements of
the Centennial soil studies
will coincide with Oregon's
annual conservation week.
The Northwest Plant Food
association aided by the Na
tional Plant Food Institute
will pay for the chemical
work at the soil testing lab
oratory. Century Farmers
themselves won't be called
upon to do a thing but permit
the free soil testing to be per
formed on their lands and to
aid with a history of the
land's production through the
years.
The Century Farm program
itself is a continuing one, with
the historical society and
state department of agricul
ture to announce the 1959
event later. Whether the Cen
tennial Soils search will be
carried into future years is
still undetermined.
Counties with 1958 Century
Farms are: Benton, Clacka
mas, Clatsop, Coos, Douglas,
Jackson, Josephine, Lane,
Linn, Marion, Multnomah,
Polk, Wasco, Yamhill, and
Washington.
Gene Winters county ex
tension agent here, said there
are a number of "kinks" to be
taken out of the Century
Farm testing program before
it will be started in Jackson
county. He is awaiting further
word from Oregon state college.
Central Point - Keith N.
Hockersmith, field man for
Grange Cooperative Supply
association, and W. G. Beard,
orchardist and beef raiser, of
the Medford area, are attend
ing the 17th annual Oregon
Animal Industry conference
Jan. 29 and 30 at Oregon
State college.
Subject matter will consist
of methods to feed livestock -and
poultry more efficiently
in today's highly mechanized
agriculture, Hockersmith said.
Ways will be examined to tie
supplements in prepared feed
to total energy level of feed
rather than the body weight
of individual animals, he ex
plained. Need for this tech--nique
is a rather logical out
growth of the development of
automation in animal agricul- -ture.
Individual feeding is be
coming increasingly difficult
as larger and larger herds and
flocks are handled by farms,
Hockersmith noted.
Outstanding guest speakers
will include Dr. Fred Hill,
poultry nutritionist Cornell
university; Dr. A. J. Ward,
animal nutritionist, University
of British Columbia; and Dr.
C. A. Bottoroff, American
Cyanamid company.
Among subjects to be dis
cussed at the two day meet
ing are the pellet feeding of
sheep, developments in poul
try and turkey feeding, mod
ern concepts in swine feeding,
and the use of baled, wafered,
and pelleted hay.
Strawberry Plant
Changes Planned
Salem Changes in Ore
gon strawberry plant grades,
with a view to simplification
and strengthened grades, will
be the topic of a public hear
ing held Thursday, Feb. 5, in
the state department of agri
culture building at Salem,
Hugh Taylor, chief of the
state department of agricul
ture's division of plant indus
try announced this week.
Recommended changes deal
with length of main roots,
elimination of minimum
crown diameter on plants and
addition of Northwest plants
under the grade restrictions
of the Marshall and Siletz varieties.
By HIAWATHA ESTES
If you're faced with the
problem of a small lot and a
large family, this is the plan
for you. With four bedrooms,
two baths, . and plenty of
closets, it will be uncrowded,
uncluttered and delightfully
livable.
The center hall gives easy
access to all rooms from both
the front and back doors. The
work areas are centrally lo
cated to save steps when
housework is to be done.
Home laundry units are lo
cated in the big service area,
and overhead cabinets have
ample space, for soaps and
supplies. The family bath is
accessible from both the serv
ice room and bedroom hall.
In the well lighted kitchen,
cupboards over the U-shaped
counter open to both the eat
ing and work areas. Built-in
oven and range are against
the opposite wall.
The separate dining room
is lighted by full-length glass
doors that open to the big
rear patio.
A huge stone fireplace fills
one corner of the unusual liv
ing room. A high wide win
dow at the side allows space
for furniture beneath. The
gable roof at the end of the
living room is filled with glass
which provides ample light
and yet maintains privacy.
The hot water heater and
forced air heater have been
centrally located for economy
of installation and operation.
The bedrooms are excep
tionally spacious. A three
quarter bath, and dressing
room are part of the master
bedrodm suite.
Inexpensive, yet durable,
building materials have been
ingeniously used to create an
attractive . contemporary ex
terior. A stone chimney tops
the gleaming rock roof.
A low rock planter extends
below the casement windows
of the bedroom wing, and for
contrast, vertical grooved sid
ing faces the forward wall of
the living room.
Complete working drawing of the
above plan can be obtained at a
cost ot 5750 lor the first set and
$5. for each additional set, when
ordered at , the same time. This
plan will be available for a period
oi iour monxns i r o m tnis date.
Please allow two weeks for deliv
ery. If the above home does not
entirely meet with your satisfac
tion, a new home plan book. Homes
for Living, may be purchased for
$1. Send all orders for either plans
or dooks io Miawatna JSstes, F.O.
aox 4M-T. Mortnriage, calif.
Cost of operations with the new box is approximately
$6.50 a ton of fruit, Spence noted. The boxes can be handled
two at a time in cold storage, he said. The smaller boxes
make it possible for the women sorters to use them without
needing male help.
Grant Merrill of Grant Merrill Orchards: Inc.. Red
Bluff, Calif., said he had used this type of picking box be
fore and found it wasn't too satisfactory. He said his pickers
preferred the canvass buckets. However, Spence said when
given a choice the pickers in his orchard preferred the new
type of picking box. Merrill estimated the cost at a dollar
for the harness and about 75 cents per box. The cross
harness is manufactured in Yakima, Wash., he said.
While the hot stove league is functioning in the orchard
business, dairymen, too, are considering their production.
January is dairy month, reminds Earle Jossy, county ex
tension agent. Primary purpose of a Dairy Herd Improve
ment association is to provide members with an economical
method of obtaining information they can use to improve
the production efficiency of their herds, Jossy explained.
Dependable records of identification, feed costs, pro
duction and returns enable the herd owner to cull the
least profitable cows and to feed the remaining cows ac
cording to their ability to produce. He can also select re
placement heifers from his most productive cows, Jossy
noted.
DHIA Is organized and operated by the farmers with the
backing of the United States Department of Agriculture
through the extension service. State extension dairymen
and local county agents service the associations. In turn
they use the records obtained to encourage non-participating
dairymen to take advantage of the facilities and in
proving the productive ability of the sires.
About 18 per cent of the dairy cows in Jackson county
are tested, Jossy noted. About 18 per cent are tested in
Oregon. About 10 per cent of the cows in the United States
are tested.
Annual average production of all cows In the USA
(including those tested) is 6,300 pounds of milk. The yearly
average production of all cows in the United States under
DHIA testing is 8,872 pounds of milk. Average annual pro
duction of cows not tested is 5,960 pounds of milk. This
amounts to about $175 worth of milk in favor of a tested
cow over a cow which is not tested or a difference of about
$7,000 in a herd of 40 cows, Jossy noted.
This national cooperative dairy herd improvement pro
gram has three record-keeping plans - standard DHIA,
owner-sampler and Oregon Weigh-a-Day.
Under the DHIA program, the supervisor visits each
member farm each month to weigh and sample milk. He
may also weigh the grain fed each cow and the roughage
fed the herd. He also calculates the standard DHIA pro
duction and feed records for cows and herd. The records
include production to date, monthly and year-to-date herd
totals, total and average feed cost and income over feed
cost for the herd. Production records made in the herd are
used also for proving sires in the national sire-proving
program.
Under the owner-sampler program the DHIA super
visor leaves sample bottles and record sheet at the farm
each month. The evening of that day and the next morning
the owner weighs the milk yield of each cow and records
the weight on his record sheet. He also takes a sample of
each cow's milk for butterfat testing. He may also record
the amount of grain fed each cow and the amount of
fat
Grange Co-op Feeds
FORRflUUTED
to Produce
See us at Grange Co-op for th
best in . bulk or sacked feeds,
fresh, dustless, nutrionally bal
anced. A complete range of
feeds for dairy cows, beef, hogs,
chickens, turkeys, calves, and
horses. Also, special mixes and
medicated feed.
The latest advances in feed nu
trition are utilized to give you
the best feed made at the low
est possible cost.
Everyone is
Invited to
Inspect Our Plant
. Maximum
are yf'Ifli
Gains isg
'i ? W'lk 'fl 1 t i Faster .Service
I $ wider Variety
Greater Supply
GRAH6E lIIF
StJIFW ASSOCIATION
Central Point -Phone NO 4-1261 -
SP 3-4022 -
Ashland - Phone MU 5-4021