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Filibuster Issue Has Plagued
Groups Since Days of Caesar
Br DICK WEST
United Press International
Washington -UP&- The fili
buster issue plaguing the
U. S. Senate has been a source
of controversy for as long as
parliamentary debate has ex
isted. .
One of the first recorded
filibusters was staged by Jul
ius Caesar in an effort to keep
the Roman Senate from exe
cuting a group of conspira
tors. The Roman Guard broke
that one up by bursting into
the chamber and thrusting at
Caesar with swords.
Anti-filibuster tactics have
changed considerably since
those days. In the process, it
has become far more difficult
to make a senator quit talk
ing. Present moves to curb fili
bustering are aimed at a Sen
ate rule, adopted in 1949,
which requires a two-thirds
vote of all senators to invoke
cloture, or shut off debate.
With Alaska admitted to state
hood, 65 votes are needed for
a two-thirds majority.
Almost Impossible
Anti - filibuster proponents
claim this requirement has
made it almost impossible to
invoke the rule since an ab
sentee, in efect,. votes against
cloture
They propose amending the
rule to shut off debate by a
simple majority or by two-
thirds vote of those present,
The Senate traditionally
has guarded jealously its free
dom of debate. The filibuster
has been championed as the
last defense against what Ar
istotle called "the tyranny of
the majority.
But opponents argue that
it permits majority rule, a
cherished democratic princi
ple, to be thwarted by "a lit
tle group of wilful men.'
The latter expression was
used by President Wilson af
ter his armed ship bill was
filibustered to death. It led
to adoption in 1917 of a clo-
Russia Planning
Two New Bases in
Remote Antarctica
Br MAURICE CUTLER
United Press International
Little America V, Antarc-tica-TCTD
Russia's Increasing
activity in Antarctica will be
featured during the first
months of 1959 by attempts
to establish two new bases
in remote parts of the frozen
continent.
Paul Astrapenko, a promin-
- ent Soviet meteorologist, who
spent the Antaractic winter
at this U.S. Science Head
quarters for the Internation
al Geophysical Year, told
United Press . International
that Russia is planning to set
: up scientific outposts at Queen
Maud Land, at the bottom of
the South Atlantic, and on
the Bellinghausen Coast be-
low South America.
Both regions, largely unex
plored, are almost twice the
size of the United States. They
are among the most rugged
ice-covered lands on the map.
Makes Seven
If established, the two small
outposts would bring to seven
- the number of Soviet bases
on this continent and would
extend Russian scientific in
vestigation and occupation to
all sides of Antarctica.
As the IGY period came to
. an end the U.S. was withdraw
ing from Little America and
turning over Ellsworth Base
Veterans' Council
Elects Officers
For Mew Year
Victor David, Medford, was
elected president of the Al
lied Veterans council Mon
day night, a spokesman an
nounced. David is manager of David
Restaurant Supply in Medford
and belongs to the Veterans
of Foreign Wars and the
American Legion. He replaces
Keegan Townsend, outgoing
president and district presi
dent of the American Legion.
Reelected were Jack Wal
' ters, vice president; Patrick
Graham, secretary; Edward
Smith, treasurer. Charles
Meyers was elected new ser
geant at arms.
INCREASE STEEL OUTPUT
. "Tokyo -DPD- Eighteen major
factories and mines will go
into operation in the triple
city of Wuham this year mak-
ling it one of Communist
China's largest steel centers,
Feiping radio said today.
to Argentina, Wilkes Station
to Australia and maintaining
three bases at the South Pole:
Marie Byrd Land, McMurdo
Sound and one base jointly
operated with New Zealand.
The 41-year-old Astapenko,
who volunteered to come to
the Antarctic and spend a
year with the Americans, said
he enjoyed his stay "very
much" and that "it was very
interesting work that will cer
tainly have important re
sults."
Astapenko worked as a
forecaster at Little America's
weather central with an in
ternational group consisting
of four Americans, an Aus
tralian, an Argentinian and
a Frenchman.
Got Along Well
He said he got along with
everyone and added, "They
are all very good fellows
Astapenko, who tugged at
a short black beard during
the interview, praised the
work of Dr. Albert P. Crary
of Canton, N. Y., the leader
of the U.S. IGY scientists in
Antarctica. He said his stay
here helped his English and
he even picked up some Navy
slang-an achievement he did
not enlarge upon except to
say "it wasn't too hard be
cause the vocabulary is limit
ed." He wasn't completely sat
isfied with the accommoda
tions, though. Astapenko said
the New Zealanders at Scott
Base each had his own priv
ate living space and he felt
this was a better system as
men need some privacy for
psychological reasons.
Too Many Sweets
Astapenko said the food
served at Little America con
tained too many sweets and
he "couldn't understand how
it was possible to eat jellies
with meat." He said Russians
are used to more fish, vegeta
bles, cheeses and sausages in
meals.
Astapenko, who arrived
here aboard the icebreaker
"Glacier" in March, 1958, ex
pected to leave for his home
land in early January aboard
the Russian icebreaker cargo
ship, "Lena."
"Lena" probably will sail
around the Antarctic coast
line in an attempt to locate
a small base on Bellinghausen
Coast where the Russians
claim Fabian Von Belling
hausen was the first to sight
the Antarctic continent in
1821.
If they are successful in
locating two new bases, the
Russians will have a sub
stantial record at any confer
ence that seeks to settle po
litical claims.
ture rule which was the par
ent of the present rule.
The 1917 rule permitted
two-thirds of senators present
to curb debate,' but loopholes
made it ineffective. It was
used successfully only four
times, the last in 1927.
Efforts to close the loop
holes in 1949 brought on one
of the most rugged filibusters
of recent years. After a 16-day
struggle, a new rule was
adopted, - but with the two-
thirds-of-all- senators proviso
Two Attempts
The only two attempts to
invoke the 1949 rule, both in
1950, failed to get the re
quired majority. They came
on a bill, opposed by South
erners, to set up a Fair Em
ployment Practices commis
sion.
southerners have success
fully used the filibuster, or
the threat of one, against
FEPC and other civil, rights
measures, although a modi
fied civil rights measure was
passed in 1957.
However, the Dixie sena
tors by no means have an ex
clusive filibuster franchise,
Other senate blocs, particular
ly Western liberals, have fre
quently resorted to talkathons
against bills they found dis-
tastefuL
In fact, Sen. Wayne Morse,
a liberal Democrat from Ore
gon, holds the all-time record
for the longest speech by an
individual senator. It was a
22-hour and 26-minute. stint
against the tidelands oil bill
in 1953.
For a period of 111 years,
from 1806 to 1917, the Sen
ate had no limitation at all on
debate. This period produced
some of the most colorful
chapters in the history of fil
ibusters. Long Filibusters
There were a couple of 19th
century filibusters which last
ed as long as two-months in
1846 on the Oregon bill and
in 1893 on a silver purchase
bill. The longest in recent
years was a 30-day debate in
1938 on an anti-lynching bill.
The filibuster technique re
quires parliamentary skill
and experience, as well as
physical stamina. It is wear
ing on speakers and listeners
alike.
During around - the -clock
sessions, there must be enough
senators on hand to answer a
quorum call so the Senate
can stay in session. They usu
ally nap in cloakrooms or of
fices, keeping one or two
members in the chamber to
monitor the proceedings.
A 1954 filibuster against an
atomic, energy bill kept the
Senate in session for 85 hours
and 54 minutes with only one
25-minute break. After a Sun
day recess, the session con
tinued for another 37 hours
and 57 minutes.
Filibusters usually proceed
at a leisurely pace until the
leadership begins putting on
pressure by scheduling longer
and longer sessions. The point
at which debate becomes a
filibuster is frequently a mat
ter of argument.
At any rate, it continues
until (1) the speakers become
so throat-weary they agrt-3 to
a vote, (2) the business at hand
is dropped, or (3) the cloture
rule is invoked.
To apply the present anti-
filibuster rule, 16 senators
must file a petition, which
will be voted upon two days
later. If the two-thirds major
ity is achieved, each senator
is limited thereafter to one
hour of debate on the pending
measure and all amendments.
Thomas Jefferson tried to
strike a balance between fili
bustering and the right of free
discussion in his famous Par
liamentary Manual. He wrote
that "no one is to speak im
pertinently, or beside the
question, superfluously, o r
tediously."
Few rules of order have
been more persistenly ignored.
Trial Date Set
For Mrs. Duncan;
Pleads Innocent
Ventura, Calif. - (UPD - A Su
perior Court judge Tuesday
set Feb. 16 for the trial of
Mrs. Elizabeth Duncan follow
ing the 54-year-old woman's
plea of innocent and innocent
by reason of insanity to plot
ting the murder of her preg
nant daughter-in-law.
The Santa Barbara matron
wore a tan coat over her
prison denims as she said "not
guilty" when Judge Charles
Blackstock asked for her plea.
Her attorney, S. Ward Sulli
van, then added the plea of
innocent by reason of insan
ity which brought an imme
diate rumble of protest from
the some 250 spectators seated
in the courtroom.
Undersheriff Volney Com
mins said an unidentified
woman swung at the defend
ant with her purse as he
escorted the handcuffed wom
an through the courthouse
corridor jammed with about
500 persons.
Asks for Change
Sullivan asked for a change
of venue, stating he did not
feel his client would receive
a fair trial because of state
ments allegedly made by Ven
tura District Attorney Roy
Gustafson.
Gustafson objected to the
motion and argued that his
office had not received a 24
hour notification - as required
by law. But Judge Blackstock
disregarded the objection and
denied permission to transfer
the trial site without preju
dice.
Because of the innocent by
reason of insanity plea, Mrs.
Duncan will undergo a psy
chiatric examination before
the trial.
Mrs. Duncan was indicted
along with Augstine Baldon-
ado, 25, and Luis Moya, 22,
by the Ventura Grand Jury in
the slaying of Mrs. Olga Ku-
pczyk Duncan, 30, an attrac
tive Canada-born nurse.
The two men have con
fessed strangling and beating
Olga Duncan and leaving her
body in a shallow grave in a
ravine near East Casitas Pass.
They said the mother-in-law
had promised them $6,000 if
they would murder the wife
of her son, attorney Frank
Duncan, 29.
Mrs. Duncan, however, de
nied having any part in the
slaying and said the two were
blackmailing her.
Weapons Made
For Germ Warfare
San, Francisco -(DPB- The
United States has admitted it
had the weapons to, wage
germ warfare during the Ko
rean War, but says none was
sent overseas.
This admission was con
tained in an affidavit filed
Tuesday by Assistant U. S. At
torney James B. Schnake in
an attempt to block an at
tempt by John W. Powell and
his wife, Sylvia, to subpena
secret government records for
their defense against sedition
charges.
"Biological warfare capabil
ity was based on resources
available and retained only
within the continental limits
of the United States," Schnake
said.
He asked the court to deny
the Powells access to the se
cret reports. He said Defense
Department officials have
ruled that making the reports
public "would be highly det
rimental to the national se
curity." The Powells are accused of
printing false charges of germ
warfare in a news magazine
they published in Shanghai
during the Korean War. They
and a former editorial assist
ant, Julian Schuman of New
York, are scheduled for trial
here Jan, 26.
LIKE AUTO FIRES
Hampton, Va. - (UPD - James
R. Rankin, 21, was arrested
Tuesday on charges of setting
fire to 18 automobiles, includ
ing his own. Police said Ran
kin admitted setting the fires
because he liked to see auto
mobiles burn.
tiki c
21,006 Ml
v. ...
EARTH
- - JAN. 4
218,000 MI.
MAIL TRIBUNE, Medford, Oregon, Wednesday, January 7. 1939 3A
Turn-off Signs Set For Highway
lAUNCHSOS
t JAN. 2
JAM. 3
219,000 Ml.
JAN. 2
220,000 Ml
TOWJJtl
oxirr.
W!7H
SUM.
' DATtS tt AS Of lASTt&M STANOm WAUL-
PoiSrANCfS ARE fKiMD SmiAtt.SU&ACt,
i ri . . tAMTH TO MOON. - . .
SCOOTING BEYOND the moon and into man-made planet orbiting the sun, the artist
conceives path of the new Soviet adventure into space. Space calendar, mileage shown.
:
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1 ;
isii
S 4
Girl With 40-fncfi Bustline Sought
For New Movie With Grant, Curtis
By VERNON SCOTT
UPI Hollywood Writer
Hollywood - (UPD- Wanted:
A 40-inch bustline coupled
with a beautiful face to star
with Cary Grant and Tony
Curtis in a new movie.
Surprisingly, few glamour
girls are able to fill the re
quirements.
Director Blake Edwards has
spent the past two weeks in
terviewing and screen-testing
curvy young actresses with
out success.
"I never thought I could
get tired of looking at tight
sweaters and pretty faces,"
Blake sighed, "but after mak
ing screen tests of 14 girls,
and checking out a nother 50,
I've had it.
"We have a serious prob
lem casting the role. The part
is that of an Army nurse, no
she can't be too theatrical
Mysterious Blast
Causes Outage of
Telegraph Service
Roseville, Calif.- (UPD -Fire
officials were at a loss today
to explain what caused a mys
terious explosion that shatter
ed a Pacific , Telephone and
Telegraph company repeater
station, interrupting transcon
tinental communications for
an hour.
4 The blast took place Tues
day at 11:45 a.m. (PST). It
shot the roof of the repeater
building 100 feet into the air.
The roof landed on the roof
of the Fred Whitehead home
nearby.
The Whitehead family of
four was eating lunch at the
time. None of them was in
jured. The entire building, con
structed of insulated rock wall
and brick was scattered hun
dreds of feet. Windows and
light fixtures in nearby homes
were shattered by the force of
the blast. The explosion was
heard for miles.
Service Disrupted
United Press International
teletype facilities were dis
rupted for more than an hour
to hundreds of California
newspapers and radio stations.
Also disrupted were stock
market quotations from New
York and leased teleprinter
circuits of several major busi
ness firms. Some Air Force
communications lines were
also disrupted. Radio Station
KNBC in San Francisco re
ported its network tie line was
out for more than two hours.
Officials of the PT&T and
Roseville firemen, were un
able to explain the cause of
the blast. They said there was
no gas in the building and
only automatic equipment de
signed to step up the power of
communications circuits was
inside it.
The PT&T said the equip
ment suffered only minor
damage. By nightfall, the dam
age had been repaired and a
temporary shack was erected
to shelter the machinery.
Non-Surgical Method
Cores Hemorrhoids Painlessly
A relatively painless, non
surgical method of treating
hemorrhoids (piles) is work
ing therapeutic miracles for
thousands who suffer from
rectal and colon disorders.
A recently developed elec
tronic treatment is proving
more effective than surgery,
with none of the after effects
of surgery.
The relatively new tech
nique requires no hospital
ization or confinement. Pa
tients show marked im
provement almost immedi
ately, and uncomplicated
cases can be frequently cor
rected in as little as 10 days.
Further information with
out obligation may be ob
tained by writing the Dean
Clinic, Chiropractic Physi
cians, 2026 N. . Sandy
Blvd., Portland 12, Oregon.
looking.
"But she must have an ex
traordinarily large bust. The
picture is a comedy, and the
girl's figure plays no small
part in some of the humor
involved. The gal we want
will make Jane Russell look
flat-chested."
Measurements Inaccurate
Edwards, a youthful,
tweedy-type of pipe-smoking
director, says measurements
can be disarmingly inaccur
ate. To keep his office from be
ing mobbed, he has made it
clear that no girl measuring
under 39 inches in the chest
department need apply.
"See," he explained studi
ously, "a bosom measurement
doesn't mean a thing. If a
girl has a broad back she can
be relatively modestly endow
ed up front and still measure
in the eye-brow raising cate
gory. "On the other hand, a girl
with a terribly narrow back
can be outrageously over-proportioned."
,
"So it's not easy to deter
mine how each one stacks
up."
Edwards was asked to
name the 'best figures in mov
ies. It took him 10 minutes
to come up with an answer.
"Rhonda Fleming and Brig
ette Bardot are the best pro
portioned actresses I've seen"
he mused. "Funny, an actress
with a beautiful face and ideal
curves is a rarity. That's why
I m having a tough time cast
ing the leading lady for 'Op
eration Petticoat.
A Legman
"Frankly, I thing a girl's
best feature is her legs,
always notice them first."
How does his wife, Patricia
feel about his quest for a 40-
lnch beauty?
"At first she was unhappy
about it," he grinned. "But
then she realized I've been
getting home on time every
night and she forgot about
the situation."
Edwards, who produces
TV's "Peter Gunn" series and
recently directed "The Per
fect . Furlough," listed his
ideal measurements.
I think a top-notch figure
would be 37-22-35," he said
"But for the right proportions
the girl would have to be
about 5 feet 6 inches tall and
weigh 120 pounds."
Does he know anyone with
these ideal dimensions?
"You bet," Blake answered
fearlessly, "my wife."
A state official said yester
day he would order turn-off
signs for the benefit of motor
ists turning from Crater Lake
highway onto Crater Lake
ave., which parallels it north
east of Medford.
The two roadways run side
by side for over four miles,
and motorists bound for Med-
Funeral Services
Set for Berkson
New York - (UPD - Funeral
services for Seymour Berk-
son, publisher of the New
York Journal-American, will
be held today in the Frank E.
Campbell funeral church.
Rabbi William F. Rosen
blum, of Temple Israel, will
officiate.
The body was to be cre
mated. Berkson, 53, died Sunday
in San Francisco of a heart
attack.
CASSIUS C. MALLORY
Lake Whales, Fla.-(UPD-Cas-sius
C. Mallory, 68, former
chairman of the board of the
Grace Line, Inc., died here
Friday. During World War n
he organized and directed the
office of operating cost con
trol for the war shipping ad
ministration in Washington.
Nearly two-thirds of total
U. S. employment is provided
by the nation's four million
small businesses.
ford's east side must switch
from the highway to the by
way via one of several inter
secting roads or unpaved con
necting driveways.
The highway official re
ceived a complaint yesterday
that none of these crossways
are marked, so that motorists
especially at night or in fog
must creep along the highway
looking for the turn-offs.
He agreed that signs telling
drivers where they can turn
would be a convenience as
well as a safety measure.
He could give no firm
commitment on when the
signs would be emplaced. If
the Salem authorities ap
prove, and if the signs are in
stock there, he said, "they
will come right down."
He added, however, that
"our signs crews are very
busy."
He said it would b "at
least a week or two" before
the signs could be put
place.
in
Pilot Loses Pants,
Passengers Delayed
London-(UPD-A British Over
seas Airways plane with 85
New York-bound passengers
was delayed 65 minutes Tues
day "because the pilot lost his
ints.
Capt. Ben Prowse said his
uniform pants were missing
from his locker and refused
to leave until a pair was sent
from his suburban home.
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motes sleep. No narcotics. No antihistamines. Take
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