Pope Pius XII Became Known as Brilliant
Diplomatist and Outstanding Churchman
Editor's Note: The rapid rise of
Pop Pius XII in the Roman Cath
olic hierarchy was anarked by his
elevation to the rank of cardinal
and his appointment as Vatican
secretary of state. He served in
that capacity for nine years until
fee was elected Pope. In the fol
lowing dispatch, the second of two,
the climatic phase, of the Pope's
life is described.
Vatican City (UPD During
his years as Vatican secretary
of state Eugenio Cardinal Pa
celli became known as both
a brilliant diplomatist and an
outstanding churchman..
He traveled widely and
worked untiringly.. His brief
vacations were forced on him.
. On April 3, 1935, Cardinal
Pacelli was named camerlen
jo of the church.
On Feb. 5, 1939, Pope Pius
XI commented that he was
not feeling well. He continued
his work. At dawn on Feb. 10
Pius XI died.
In the capacity of camer
lengo, Cardinal Pacelli be
came regent, head of the Col
lege of Cardinals pending the
election of a new Pope at a
conclave.
Three ballots were taken in
the conclave. On the third
Cardinal Pacelli was elected
Pope. He received 61 of the
62 votes, all but his own. It
was March 2, 1939, his 63rd
birthday. He was crowned on
March 12.
First 'Modern' Pope
Massed thousands were
waiting outside in St. Peter's
Square. A cardinal stepped on
the balcony. A hush fell. The
cardinal intoned the sonorous
latin ritual for announcing a
new pope, and said: '
"Cardinal Eu ..." his voice
was drowned in a thunderous
cheer. The first sylable of the
Pope's name had 'been
enough.
The new Pope chose to be
styled" Pius JUL The first
Cardinals Meet To
Discuss Date for
Selection of Pope
Vatican City-UIPft-The "gen
eral congregation" of cardi
nals met today to discuss the
date when the Sacred College
of Cardinals will meet in sol
emn conclave to elect a new
pope. An early decision was
expected, possibly today.
The apostolic constitution
decrees that the conclave
must be held before Oct.. 27
and some quarters believed it
might be set for Oct. 24.
The congregation, which
Thursday appointed Benedet
to Cardinal Alois Masella as
camerlengo (chamberlain) to
administer the affairs of the
church unti the next pope is
named, consists of all cardi
nals present ' i Some and
must meet daily. '
Fourteen on Hand
Fourteen cardinals were
on hand for today's meeting
with Ernesto Cardinal Ruffini
of Palermo still expected.
Francis Cardinal Spellman of
New York -aqd Giacomo Car
dinal Lercaro of Bologna
were the latest arrivals.
The forthcoming . conclave
will be the most markedly in
ternational in character in the
long history of the Catholic
church. For the first time in
centuries, the Italian cardi
nals will be outnumbered by
non-Italians, 37-18.
Several To Be Absent
Not all 55 cardinals were
expected to attend the con
clave. It was feared at least
two or three behind the Iron
Curtain would not make it
and that illnesses might fur
ther reduce the number of
electors. - .
In Santiago, Chile, Jose M.
Cardinal Caro, at 92 the old
est living prince of the
church, made plans to come
after his doctors gave him a
cleaq bill of health. He was
expected to leave Chile early
next week.
The cardinals are. expected
to continue the tradition of
an Italian pope. The selection
of a non- Italian, possibly an
American, was not ruled out
entirely, but most observers
predicted the ' choice lay
among the 18 Italian, cardi
nals.
The only non-Italian men
tioned as a possibility is black
bearded, 63-year-old Gregory
Peter XV Cardinal Agagian
ian, patriarch of Cilicia of
the Armenians. Nationalistic
connections appeared to nar
row the chances of the three
Americans. - ,
"modern" Pope, he began
modernizing the Vatican. He
kept his own white-enameled
typewriter and a white
enameled telephone on his
desk. His telephone was con
nected with alL departments
of the Vatican so he could
call them direct.
Pius XII set himself a stand
ard of life that few men
could have endured.
He rose at 6:30 a.m. after
about four hours sleep. He
threw open a window of his
bedroom and, looking out on
the vast expanse of St. Peter's
Square, clasped his hands and
prayed as he stood. At 6:45
he took a cold bath.
Used Rowing Machine
With the passing of the
vears he had to stop his set
ting up exercises and when
he was 71 he gave up his
rowing machine."
He shaved with an Ameri
acn electric shaver, dressed,
celebrated Mass in the little
chapel adjoining his bedroom
and breakfasted on coffee and
toast. The Pope punched a
small silver bell at exactly
8:59 to announce he was
ready for audiences.
The Pope lunched usually
on rice soup and vegetables
He finished with a cup of
strong black coffee. An hour's
rest and he went back to
work.
At 4 p.m. he roded own in
his private elevator and took
his black Cadillac, gift of
American Catholics, for a
drive in the Vatican gardens
He would leave the car and
walk alone through the pines
and cedars.
Shortly after 5 he went to
his chapel for a brief service,
at 6 to his study to work.
Dinner was served at 8 even
lighter than lunch. Then came
prayer and mediation in the
chapel and more work. He
would tap on his typewriter
and make corrections in pen
cil in his fine handwriting. At
about 2 a.m. he would go to
his chapel for prayers and
then to bed. ' ' ...
Tried To Prevent War
The frail man, .-with deli
cate hands and a high brow
over soft, intent eyes, kept to
his schedule for years. Even
when his health started fail
ing, he kept to it as well as he
could.
The shadow of World War
II was falling when he was
made Pope. The Pope did all
he could to prevent the war.
I, He pleaded, "in the name of
God," that the governments of
Germany and Poland would
do nothing that could bring
them into conflict. Next day
Germany invaded Poland.
On July 19, 1943, came the
first air raid on Rome. Bombs
hit in a populous area.
"An automobile," the Pope
ordered. "Get all the money
available. Tell the people we
shall be there."
While the bombs still fell,
the Pope drove to the worst-
hit area, left his car and with
bared head walked among the
people.
In another raid, he returned
to the Vatican with his white
garments stained with the
blood of those whom he
helped to tend.
Refused To Leave
The Allies marched irresist-
ably on Rome and the Ger
mans wanted to take the
Pope to Germany. "The Pope
refuses to leave Rome," he
told the German ambassador.
The Germans threatened to
take him by force
- "We are ready to die in a
concentration camp," he said,
The war ended. In Decem
ber, 1945, the Pope named 32
new cardinals, to bring the
Sacred College to its full
membership of 70. The new
cardinals represented 19 coun
tries. For the first time all the
continents were represented
in the college, and for the
first time Italians were not
in the majority.
With the end of the war
came the Communist en
croachment and the oppres
sion of Christians. The Pope
fought the menace untiringly.
He excommunicated persecu
tors of Catholic prelates.
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.TERMS
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Ike Relaxes at
Mountain Resort
With Cronies
, Camp David, Md.-(UPD-Pres-ident
Eisenhower relaxed to
day with nearly a dozen of his
closest golf and brjdge-play-
ing friends on a long Indian
summer week end party at
this mountain .hideaway.
If the weather is as warm
and sunny as it was when he
arrived here by helicopter
Thursday, the President may
drive 20 miles to the Gettys
burg Country 'club- for a
round of golf.
Facilities Plentiful
But there are plenty of rec
reational facilities right on
the grounds of this Navy-run
retreat. There also is a big
swimming pool, although the
weather has been a bit nippy
for dips.
- The Navy brought along a
stack of Hollywood's newest
feature films to .show in the
evenings.
And of course, there are
plenty of decks of cards for
those bridge games the Presi
dent likes so well. Some of
the guests brought along
their wives to play canasta
with Mamie.
Eisenhower is resting up at
this hideaway in the Catoctin
mountains for his forthcom
ing heavy schedule of cam
paign speeches which will
take him from coast to coast
before the Nov. 4 congres
sional elections.
Cardinal Mdntyre
To Leave for Rome
Los Angeles (UPD -James
Francis Cardinal Mdntyre
leaves for Rome tonight to
join the College of Cardinals
in the election of a new pope.
Green Fir Market
Situation Confused
Portland -(UPD- Lumbermen
reported here today that the
green fir lumber market was
in one of its most difficult
and confused situations in
several years.
Crow's Lumber Market In
dex reported that prices on
standard and better . grade
random length green fir di
mension were about equal to
last week's level but that it
was questionable how long
that level could be main
tained. Kiln-dried dimension has
reflected the downward trend,
according to Crow's.. TJnsand
ed plywood sheathing has re
flected a hesitant trend but
sanded plywood has remained
firm in price.
Holmes Directs
Departments to
Reduce Budgets
Salem (UPD Gov. Robert
D. Holmes Thursday directed
the Department of Finance
and Administration to pre
pare - a budget which "falls
within the predictable range
of state revenues."
The governor indicated
that preliminary requests
from state department heads
would have to be trimmed by
at least $50 million to meet
that ceiling.
"There will be no margin
in the next biennial budget
for luxuries or for items of
doubtful values," the gover
nor said.
Holmes asked department
heads to review their budgets
with a view to chopipng off
the $50 million under penalty
of losing his support for their
proposals.
Bonding Use Planned
He said a plan for the use
of bonding to finance, neces
sary buildings for higher
education and state institu-r
tions was under way and that
that should help the state
meet its budget objectives.
"I am aware it wil be hard
for many departments to pro
vide the necessary services
while reducing their original
requests sufficiently to pro
duce a saving oi $50 million
or more. But. it should be
borne in mind that moderate
expansion of services demand
ed by the public beyond those
of the current bienmum will
be possible even at a reduced
budget level which, can be
matched by current incomes,
the governor said. .
Two Trucks Are
Involved in Crash
A truck and trailer side
swiped a parked truck and
trailer on Highway 99 late
yesterday, three miles north
of Central Point, state police
reported.
Jean French Parkhurst,
Grants Pass, driver of a truck
and trailer said he was south
bound on Highway 99 when
oncoming bright auto lights
caused him to edge over on
the right shoulder. As he did
so his truck side-swiped a
truck and trailer parked on
the shoulder of the road.
No injuries were roported.
Driver and owner of the
parked truck and trailer are
unidentified, officers said.
Slight damage resulted to the
truck and trailer driven by
Parkhurst and considerable to
the parked truck and trailer.
Portlander Wins
Travel Scholarship
Portland-(UPD-The Portland
branch of the English Speak
ing Union Thursday night an
nounced the award of its first
traveling scholarship to Don
ald J. Sterling Jr., assistant
city editor of the Oregon
Journal.
Sterling, who has been with
the Journal since 1952, will
spend three months in the
British Isles next spring and
will file a series of inter
pretive articles to his news
paper. In 1955-56 the 31-year-old
newsman held a Nieman Fel-
J I study at Harvard University.
Golden Age of
Achievement Seen
Salem-(UPD-Brig. Gen. Pres-
cott M. Spicer, commander
of the 27th air division, told
a; civil defense conference
here Thursday that the world
could have a golden age of
technical achievement ahead
if it were not for conflicts
of national ambition and ide
ology turning nuclear energy
to military purpose.
Spicer said he thought that
though military weapons had
changed, the defense-problem
remained the same.
Defense planners believe
that any attack by an enemy
in the. immediate future would
be made with manned jet
bombers leading the strike,
he added.
Stat Employees
To Get Certificates
Salem -(UPD- Some 300 em
ployees at 11 state institutions
with a total state service of
nearly 4,000 years will be
presented certificates of
achievement this month by
their superintendents. .
The state employee for the
longest period is James Car
son, engineer for the State
hospital here, who had ac
cumulated 39 years in May.
DUTCH PRIEST DIES
San Juan, P.R.-flJPD-Domin-
ican Father Martin Bernstein,
72-year-old Dutch priest who
had published the weekly El
Piloto here since 1918, died
Thursday of cancer.
MAIL TRIBUNE, MrW, Onsen, Meiy. Octefcer 10, IMS'
Naugatuck,, Conn.-(UPD-The
Air Force will try to send a
rocket around the moon Sat
urday, it has been disclosed. the right to work issue.
Columbus, Ohio (DPS Vic
President Richard Nixon has
declined to take a stand on
Tims To Order! ,
Personal Imprinted
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Over 35 Albums te Choose From
fil BOOKS GIFTS RECORDS?
Membership Drive
To End Saturday
. The annual membership
campaign of Jackson County
Civic Music association will
close Saturday, Oct. H, at 5
p.m. Mrs. Paul Dix, campaign
chairman, pointed out today
that no memberships are sold
after that date, and no ad
missions are ever sold for
single concerts.
Two -outstanding concerts
have already been announced
by the association. Miss
Blanche Thebom, American
opera and concert star
known around the world for
her talent, both musical and
dramatic, will sing here in
February for the association
membership. The first con
cert of the season will be
given 'Monday, Oct. 13, by
Carola Goya and Matteo, in
ternationally known dance
team whose program is
known as "A World of
Pancing."
Anyone not already con
tacted by a Civic Music
worker and wishing to join
the association is asked to
call headquarters, SPring
3-6186, in Purucker Music
house.
Following the close of the
campaign Saturday, two or
three additional artists or
groups will be selected by a
committee to complete the
concert series.
Inglewood,-Calif. -(UPDr-Thq
X15 -rocket-powered space
ship designed to fly map
higher and faster than ever
before will be rolled from
the assembly line next Wed-T
nesday.
Bond Withdrawn
For Portland Figure
Portland (UPD Albert E:
Kiefer, whose girl friend is
on trial for stabbing him al
most to death, was put in
Rocky Butte county jail here
Thursday.
Mrs. Estelle Berry, the bail
bondsman who posted his
$7000 bau bond wnen iueier
was charged with extortion,
withdrew the bond Thursday.
Mrs. Berry explained, "I've
had him. out since June. He
hasn't been around to see me.
I don't know him too well.
When you ' don't hear from
him, you get kind of scared."
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