53rd year
Price 10 Cents
M
EDFOED
2nd SEaiON
MEDFORD, OREGON, WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 3, 1958
Pages 1 to 6
Education Pioneer
Holds To Support
Of Progressive Plan
(Rear Admiral Hyman G. Rick
ever. In a recent interview with
United Press International, strong
ly aitacicea progressive or "tne
Dewey school" of education and
warned that it was weakening the
nation. In the following dispatch,
written at the suggestion of L'PI,
one of the U.S. pioneers of pro
gressive education, an ardent ad
vocate of the principles of the late
jor.n uewey, replies),
By WILLIAM HEARD
KILPATHICK
Emeritus Professor of
Education, Teachers College,
Columbia University
(Written for United Press
International)
Admiral Rickover states as
his fundamental conception
that "the main function of
schools" is not to "adjust" to
life, but "to impart knowl
edge" to children and youth.
Such an assertion belongs
back in the pre-Darwinian era.
Charles Darwin in 1858 gave
the intelligent world a new
thought outlook, specifically a
new conception of behavior
and of the place of thinking,
namely that behavior is, and
properly must be, the effort
to meet a life situation, and
that the function of thinking
Is to help carry on life in the
best possible way. William
James ana jonn .Dewey ex
tended this idea of behaving
and thinking into education as
a further effort to meet life's
needs.
The Admiral's outmoded
conception of education still
holds widely in Europe, where
education is not so thoroughly
tudied as in the U.S. Europe
widely holds that education
exactly consists in imparting
knowledge to the young and
this for the sake of scholar
ship. France probably still
ho.'-'s to this more strongly
than any other country; the
result as we have , recently
seen is not too good.
The proper. aim of educa
tion is life itself, to make life
as fine and as rich as we can.
Knowledge is an essential to
this, much thoughtfully digest
ed knowledge. But life is ill
served by memorizing book
knowledge. Our better ele
mentary schools and our too
few better secondary schools
teach more knowledge and
teach it better than did the
older type schools. These bet
ter schools aim at life, at all
round character, not simply at
book knowledge; and they de
velop a richer and better char
acter for meeting life's needs
than did their predecessors.
Sources Quoted
inree specific sources are
here quoted in support of the
assertions just made
1. Dr. Ralph Tyler, Ameri
ca's foremost student of edu
cational evaluation, says ex
plicitly, on the basis of defi
nite tests that sixth grade pu
pils today equal the eighth
grade pupils in the 20's.
2. Dr. George D. Strayer
who has surveyed more school
systems than anyone else
the U.S., says: "On the fun
damentals children today are
doing much better than their
fathers and mothers or grand
parents did. They are ' read
ing more and they read bet
ter; they spell better and they
are a competent in the fun
damentals of arithmetic as any
other generation, and they
write' better and more inter
estingly than their parents
did."
More Academic Honors
3. The Eight -Year Study,
which was supported by inter
ested corporations to the ex
tent of $600,000, gives the fol
lowing report for the gradu
ates of the six most modern
type high schools in its study
after they had graduated four
years later from college. The
comparison is with a like
number of college graduates
equal in all respects except
that the latter had attended
typical' non-progressive
ondary schools:
"Consistently high academic
averages and more academic
honors . , . clear-cut superior
ity in the intellectual intangi
bles of curiosity and drive .
the intelligence and ability to
think logically and objective
ly, and active and vital inter
est in the world about them,
. . . (They were) more fre
quently concerned with dem
ocratic values and the impor
tance of assuming their share
of responsibility for the gen
eral welfare . . . more often
cooperative, tolerant, and self-directing."
sec-
HE GOT PUSHED
Gary, Ind.-ttJPD-Gary police
hung a parking ticket on a
car sitting in the middle of a
street and discovered it had
cardboard license plates, a
dead battery, no brakes and
no gearshift. The owner, Guy
Thomas of East Chicago said
he "was just "waiting for a
push."
STAR GAZER
AIKS
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-By CLAY R. POLLAN-
JK four Doily Activity Guide W
According to the Stan.
To develop message for Thursday,
read words corresponding to numbers
of your Zodioc birth sign.
SEPT, 23
OCT. 23
Bl-48-59-
F6-77-84-89'
I Excellent
2 Travel
3 Disregard
4Snul
sot
6And
7 Day
8 Others'
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10 To
11 And
12 Do
13 Fincnckjl
14 Self
!5No 16 Spirit
17 Be
18 Indulgence
19 Favorable
20 Don't
21 For
22 Of
23 Wishes
24 May
25 Confide .
26 Don't
27 Con
28 &ve
29 Prove
30 Hold
31 Start
32 Make
33 Your
34 The
35 Promises
36 Secrets
37 World
38 Your
39 Up
40 Indifferent
41 To
42 Your
43 Work
44 Smiles
45 And
46 With
47 As
48 Importont
49 End
50 Personal
51 Toke
52 To
53 Judgment
54 Costly
55 Wotch
56 Anyone
57 You
58 Is
59 Plans
60 Of
61 Today
62 Bring
63 Gain
64 Social
65 Rolling,
66 Pennies
67 Is t
68 Friction
69 On
70 Best
71 Budget
72 And
73 All
74 Poof
75 Those
76 They'll
77 Meet
78 Any
79 About
80 Blend
81 Mutual
82 Favorably
83 Or
84 With
85 Finonciat
86 Obligation
87 You
88 Affairs
89 Success
90 Plans
SCORPIO
OCT. 24
NOV. 22
032-3501
63-58-74
Good (Adverse Neural
SAGITTARIUS
NOV. 23
DEC 22
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FEB. 20
MAR. 21
i -. t
I9-ZI-W-3WV, S
W-72
Lumber Freight
Rate Hearings
Open in Portland
Portland- (UPD - Hearings re
sumed here Tuesday on a pro
posal by Southern Pacific to
reduce lumber freight rates
from southern Oregon to
southern California and Ari
zona.
The hearings are scheduled
to be moved back to San Fran
cisco after a week of testi
mony here.
F. Wascoe, manager of
Southern Pacific's bureau of
transportation research, testi
fied Tuesday under cross ex
amination about a cost study
SP presented in San Francisco
to show it could operate at a
profit under the lower rates
Study Questioned
Edwin R. Berol of Califor
nia Forest Products Associa
tioniand the Southwest Pine
Association, questioned Was
coe to attempt to show SP s
cost study did not allow
enough margin for deprecia
tion for railway, warehouses
and other facilities. Groups op
posing the rate reduction con
tend the railroad cannot make
money under the proposed
lower rates and that freight
lines in California, Arizona
and New Mexico will be in
jured as well as tug and steam
ship operators in Oregon and
northern California.
More than 30 Oregon lum
bermen are expected to ap
pear before Interstate Com
merce Commission Examiner
Walter Baumgartner of San
Francisco at the Portland
hearings.
Mentally Healthy
People Said Having
'Mental Accidents'
Facility Combats
Power Failures
Buffalo, N. Y. -(UPD- Power
failures caused by storms are
being combated by a new
facility of the Niagara-Mo
hawk Power Corp. called the
'disaster room."
The special unit, now in
full operation, is prepared to
marshal the company's emer
gency crews to cope with
troublesome situations the
moment they are reported.
The disaster room contains
huge wall map on which
tiny red stickers , show the
exact location where trouble
has been reported. Variations
hi the marking of the stickers
also indicate the nature of
the trouble, whether an emer
gency crew has been dis
patched and whether the
trouble is being corrected.
The room is used daily in
handling normal trouble re
ports. It becomes the disaster
room when a storm acquires
such duration and intensity
that the company must sum
mon emergency crews xo
cope with it.
Trouble calls from cus
tomers are distributed auto
matically to 13 girls assigned
phones m the customer
service room, r rom nere, xne
reports are sent to the trouble
office. After 6 pjn. calls go
directly to the trouble room
IV m A
Delos Smith
By DELOS SMITH
TJPI Science Editor
New York-(DPD-Contrary to
appearances, the world is not
becoming "progressively more
insane," ac
cording to a
newly thought
out scientific
viewpoint on
mental health
and mental
1 illness.
I What is
happening is
that more and
more mental
ly healthy people are having
"mental accidents" in the
same way that more and more
physically healthy people are
having physical accidents
which break legs or crack
skulls.
"The strain and stress of
modern living" are doing to
healthy minds what they are
doing to healthy bodies-it is
"riot unlike the fact that more
cars, better roads, and more.
horsepower produce more car
accidents."
Korner Theory
The theory is that of Dr.
I. N. Korner, associate pro
fessor of psychiatry at the
University of Utah. The nub
of the theory ir that mental
health and mental illness are
not at opposite ends of a
straight line, no matter how
logical it seems and no matter
how many authorities believe
it has to be so.
Rather there are two
straight lines, Korner theor
ized. At opposite ends of one
are mental health and "men
tal injury." At opposite ends
of the other are "susceptibil
ity to mental illness" and
"mental illness." "Mental in
jury can nappen to anyone,
just like physical injury.
But when it happens to a
person 'who truly is mentally
healthy "he will spontaneous
ly provide his own recovery,"
Korner argued. This man "re
sembles an individual phy
sically" who has suffered In
jury in the form of a broken
bone or an invasion of a
bacteriological agent. The
organism's reaction will be a
vigorous and healthy one, the
bond will mend, the invader
will be attacked by agents
mobilized within the body."
But "the mentally ill per
son may be perceived as an
individual whose bones, once
broken, show no inclination to
knit, whose organism does
not mobilize to combat and
eject bacteriological invaders.
The potentially mentally ill
person-that is, the infirm man
who may be normaj according
STUDY OLD FOLKS
London-(DPD-Moscow radio
claimed today that more than
500 men and women over 100
years of age live in the Sta-
lino Oblast district of the So
viet Union? The broadcast
heard here said that teams of
scientists sent to study the
old folks report all of them
have spent their lives work
ing at hard industrial or farm
labor.
$400
Sodal Security andor other pension plans ft TTtfYnj.rL
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pay lor necessities oniy. m cujuj u
extras, follow Equitable' Luxury Retire
ment Plan now, during your earning years.
the monthly Eoui-
table check supplements Social Security so yon can .do more than
lead a hand-to-mouth existence you can travel or pursue hobbies to
your heart's content- Your Equitable man will be glad to help you
plan your Luxury Retirement. Consult him or send the coupoa
there's no obligation.
yovr Eqvitebla rapraMtaffvt
JIM METZ
1310 Ridgeway
Medford, Oregon
Phone: SP 2-4294
EQUITABLE SAVINGS ft LOAN ASSN.
Equitable Bldg., Portland 4s Oregon f
Fleaee send ioluer on jwsr Lbxmst Ketiemeot Plan.
Nanus :
IAAt .
Car Thief Seeks
Insurance Payment
Peoria, 111. -UPD- Charles
F. Losey, 21, of Peoria, wants
his insurance company to pay
damages on a taxicab he stole
and wrecked.
He has filed suit in circuit
court demanding that the
company pay under the
"family" policy he carried on
his private car.
Police reported at the time
of the incident last year that
Losey walked from a tavern,
climbed behind the wheel of
the unmanned cab and drove
off.
He was pursued by police
and the cab crashed in near
by Pekin. Damages totalled
about $700.
Losey told police at the
time he was . celebrating the
birth of a daughter. Cab com
pany officials refused to press
charges when Losey agreed to
pay the damages. '
Eagle Squadron To
Get New Jet Plane
Elgin Air Force Base.-Fla.
-(UPD-The fabled Eagle Squad
ron of World War U, now the
335th Fighter Squadron of the
Tactical Air Command, will
be the first combat unit to be
equipped with the new super
sonic Republic F-105 jet.
The fighter - bomber, des
cribed by TAC's Gen. O. P.
Weyland as "the most power
ful one-man airplane" in the
world, packs 13,000 pounds
of airborne destruction.
Included in its potential ar
senal are nuclear weapons,
guided and unguided missiles,
4,000 pounds of conventional
bombs, some 180 rockets and
6,000-rounds-a-minute auto
matic cannon whose 20-millimeter
shells hit the target
with the impact of a car
hitting a stone wall at 450
miles an hour.
to all social criteria, who lives
within the limits of his stress
tolerances-is always - suscep
tible though he never . may
become actually mentally ill."
The Korner theory, which
was presented to the National
Association for Mental Health
was devised by its author to
"reduce the number of con
fusions and unclarities"
among phychiatrists and other
professionals in the field as
to just what are the differ
ences between mental health
and mental illness.
Is That So?
By EUGENE BURNS
Ranger-Naturalist
A strong case can be made
for the swallow as man's best
friend.
Certainly there are few
other creatures that do more
to keep down the insect popu
lation than this small, fork
tailed bird who spends most
of his waking hours in the air
hunting them.
Except for the white-bellied
tree swallow, most of these
swift flying birds with the
twisting, darting flight are
very nearly 100 per cent car
nivorous. Occasionally they
eat a berry or seed, but in the
latter case, more often than
not, the seed is taken when
they scoop an insect off a
plant.
As for the tree swallow,
though he does gorge himself
occasionally on seeds and ber
ries, such as the aromatic bay
berry, he still turns in a very
respectable toll of insects. The
kind swallows take is just
about anything that flies. Size
has little to do with it. Any
thing is fair game from a but
terfly down to a gnat or aphid,
some of which are too small
for us to see unaided.
The capacity of a swallow is
considerable. No less than 80
chinch bugs were found in the
stomach of one killed for in
vestigative purpose s, . and
since the chinch bug is highly
destructive to crops, even one
swallow does a lot to help a
farmer. (
He has a long life span in
which to do it. In Great Brit
ain, where 'swallows have
been banded for years, one
was killed by a cat iu Glas
gow in 1920 that had been tag
ged as a nestling in 1911.
Preparing for Migration
For the next few weeks, you
are likely to see scores of
these birds sitting on tele
phone wires in the country
side. The chances are they
will be the young swallows
preparing for their first mi
gration to Central and South
America. They congregate in
to bands and then take off. If,
after a few days you see some
more, they will be new ar
rivals from the north.
Their migration is leisurely.
They tra el only by day, and
if they can't outrun a storm
they stop over until it is gone.
Though they may fly '400
miles during a hunting day in
the nesting season, according
to estimates, they travel only
100 to 200 miles a day in mi
gration, using a good part of
the time to hunt insects on the
way.
(Released by McClure
Newspaper Syndicate)
Free: By special arrange
ment with the editors of the
Encyclopedia Americana; my
panel of judges will Award
each week to the reader who
sends me the best true-life na
ture adventure, the best na
ture observation, or the best
question on nature and wild
life, a complete 30-volume set
of this world-famous reference
work in a handsome Sealcraft
binding. Each week new sub
missions will be considered.
Sorry, I simply can't answer
your many friendly letters.
Please address your letter to:
Is That So! co Medford Mail
Tribune, Box 1069, San Fran
cisco, Calif.
LOW STRIKE RATE
Washington-flJFD-The Labor
department reports that idle
ness as a result of strikes
amounted to 1,700,000 man
days in July, the lowest of
any July since 1944. The de
parment said Tuesday that
the number of walkouts start
ed during July totaled 350,
about the same as May and
June. About 150,000 workers
were affected by strikes start
ed in June.
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