North Korean Farm Operators Unhappy Over Cooperatives
Editor's not: In th" five ytirt
since the rnd of the Korean war,
in Northern Korean t'ommu
nuti have almost completed
their farm collectivization pro
gram. Bot there are reports of
increasing unrest amonc farmers
in the northern portion of this
rugged peninsula. In the follow
ing dispatrh. naed on informa
tion obtained from official Com
munist reports and South Korean
intelligence sources. Charles
Smith of United Press Interna
tional the onlv American news
agency correspondent stationed
permanently in Korea writes of
the Communi's- progress in the
farm collectivization program
and the causes of the farmer
unrest.
By CHARLES R. SMITH
UPI Correspondent
Seoul (UPC The North Ko
rean Communists' postwar
farm collectivization program
is nearing completion. But it
is meeting more and more op
position from the farmers, ac
cording to information re
ceived here.
The program was begun on
a large scale only about four
years ago and now an estimat
ed 90 to 95 per cent of all
farms in North Korea are em
braced in the agricultural cooperatives.
The Communists spent the
first year or so, following the
July, 1953, truce agreement,
collectivizing the farms on an
experimental basis.
Formation of the coopera
tives began with the establish
ment of hard political cores,
followed by the cooperativi
zation of the farms in the
most important agricultural
areas.
Rapid Growth
The number of agricultural
cooperatives grew from 806 in
1953 to 15,825 at the end of
1956. These cooperatives in
1956 embraced about 81 per
cent of( the total number of
farm households and about 79
per cent of the arable land.
Now that the bulk of the
farm households has been in
corporated into the coopera
tives, the emphasis once again
has shifted, to the tightening
of government economic and
political controls.
This, according to South
Korean' sources, is one of the
main reasons for the displea-
Stuart Symington,
G. Mennen Williams
Election Winners
By United Press International
U. S. Sen. Stuart Syming
ton of Missouri and Michigan
Gov. G. Mennen Williams
swept to impressive victories
in primary elections Tuesday
to enhance their party pros
pects as 1960 Democratic pres
idential candidates.
Besides Michigan and Mis
souri, primaries also were
held in Kansas and West
Virginia.
In Kansas. Clyde Reed Jr.,
a Parsons, Kan., newspaper
publisher and son of a former
governor and U.S. senator,
captured the Republican gu
bernatorial nomination an
hour after the polls closed.
Former Gov. Fred Hall of
Dodge City conceded the race
to Reed when the latter
jumped to an overwhelming
Goldfine Letters
Urge Caution
In Contempt Vole
Washington (UPB Gift
giving millionaire Bernard
Goldfine sent a letter to near
ly 400 House members today,
urging them not to cite him
"unjustly" for contempt of
Congress.
The Boston textile tycoon
also sent their administrative
assistants a letter urging them
to put his letter to the Con
gressmen near the top of the
file on your boss' desk."
A spokesman for Goldfine
said the letters were sent be
cause Goldfine "feared the
House would vote swiftly on
the contempt citation without
being fully informed on the
case."
Vote Due Any Time
The House is expected to
vote at any time on a recom
mendation by its Influence
Investigating Subcommittee
that Goldfine be cited for con
tempt of Congress for refus
ing to answer 22 questions
about his involved financial
dealings.
Goldfine's letter insisted
that the questions were not
relevant to the investigation
of his alleged influence-for-favors
relationship with Sher
man Adams, assistant to Presi
dent Eisenhower.
Centennial Group
Asks Delegate Aid
Portland CPD The Ore
gon Centennial Commission
asked delegates to out-of-town
conventions Tuesday for help
in publicizing the state's birth
day year in 1959 and offered
the use of publicity material.
Managing Director .1 Floyd
Maxwell said the commission
office here will send each del
egation on request centennial
folders, pocket cards and
"tent" cards which can be
folded to look like pup tents.
Also the commission has ban
ners four by eight feet which
can be loaned for use at con
ventions, he said.
Former Belgian
Consul Sentenced
Beirut, Lebanon (UPI) The
former Belgian consul general
in Damascus was sentenced
Tuesday to 20 years in jail
for threatening Lebanon's se
curity. A military court found
Louis de San guilty of at
tempting to bring a carload of
arms and ammunition into
Lebanon from Syria 24 hours
after the Lebanese rebellion
broke out. De San first was
condemned to death, but the
sentence was commuted to 20
years because of a legal tech
nicality during the trial.
lead with only one sixth of the
returns counted.
In West Virginia, where
two U.S. Senate seats are up
for grabs this year, former
Rep. Jennings Randolph and
Rep. Robert C. Byrd were the
apparent winners for the
Democratic senatorial nomin
ations. Seeking Sixth Term
Incumbent Republican Sen.
John D. Hoblitzell Jr., seek
ing election to the two-year
unexpired term of the late
Sen. Matthew Neely, and
Chapman Revercomb, seek
ing reelection to a full term,'
were unopposed for renomin
ation. Williams smashed his op
ponent, radio station owner
William L. Johnson of Iron
wood, by a better than five-to-one
margin to win renomin
ation to an' unprecented sixth
term as Michigan governor.
Republicans named Paul
D. Bagwell,, a professor at
Michigan State University, to
oppose Williams. GOP Sen.
Charles E. Potter was renom
inated without opposition.
Democrats nominated Lt.
Gov. Philip Hart to face Pot
ter in the November race.
Symington whipped his op
ponents, Lawrence Hastings,
a retired government worker,
and Lamar W. Dye of Kansas
City, even more decisively.
Lady Wins Contest
Incomplete returns showed
199,187 votes for Symington
to 6,655 for Dye and 11,510
for Hastings.
A lady lawyer from Se
dalia, Mo., Hazel Palmer, was
the apparent winner in a four
way Republican race for the
senatorial nomination to op
pose Symington.
In Kansas, Reed won the
GOP gubernatorial nomina
tion by a big margin over four
other candidates.
Gov. George Docking, Kan
sas, first Democratic gover
nor in 20 -years, was unop
posed for renomination.
Democrats in West Virginia
gave Byrd an overwhelming
victory 'over two opponents
for the right to face Rever
comb in the fall election for
U. S. senator.
RandolDh had a closer
squeeze in beating former
Gov. William C. Marland for
the other Democratic senator
ial nomination. Randolph will
oppose Hoblitzell in the gen
eral election.
Workers' Part in
Jobless Fund Urged
Roseburg (UPD The
chairman of the state unem
ployment compensation com
mission, Mrs. Cecilia P. Galey
said at the Oregon State La
bor Council convention here
Tuesday that she favored em
ployee contributions to the
unemployment compensation
fund. At present, the full load
of unemployment compensa
tion is carried by employers
in Oregon.
Mrs. Galey said she will
ask the 1959 legislature to
consider enacting a law for
contributions by employees to
the fund. The workers would
have a "real stake in it" if
they contributed, she said.
Daily's U-Drive
Medford Airport
sure 01 tne iarmers. ine&e nicy die uectteu nj.e
sources said the main com- animals and not allowed
plaints of the Farmers in- enough food for their families,
elude: The government's 25 per
cent tax take. i A feeling by the individ-
The low official prices ual farmer that he gets little
the government pays for in return for the money and
products. . goods that goes into the co
operatives.
The restrictions on prop
erty, equipment and livestock
that can be owned by each
household.
But one of the most serious
complaints of the farmers, ac-
MA1L TRIBUNE, Medford, Oregon, Wednesday, August 6. 1958 5
cording to a North Korean re
cently captured by South Ko
rean authorities, Is the in
creasing attempts by the co
operative officials to indoctri
nate them politically.
The farmers feel they have
no individual freedom even
on their own lands, he said,
and resentment is growing.
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