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MAIL TRIBUNE, Medford, Oregon, Monday, Jly 14, 1938 3
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Peffroefoemical Industry Shows
Pep Cent Gain in Few Years
Jf BiJIER C. WALZER
Ufl Finncil Editor
New York OJPI The pet
rcehehffcal industry which
has own from $2,110,000,
S00 to S4,750,000,000 from
1950 to 157 is heading for
another spurt in the years
ahead, ccorng to experts.
Recfds cited by Harris,
Upham and company, stock
exchange members, in a study
on the petrochemical indus
try, shw that petrochemicals
3 gained 115 per cent in the pe
riod note4 bov while Jther
chemicals ros 57 per cent.
The study looks for a
gvth of about 18 per cent
annllg for the industry
which means it would double
in aout five and a half years
to a size of nearly $10 billion.
The Engineering firm of
Ford, Bacon f Davis, has just
estimated that the synthetic
ammonia industry (branch of
the petrochemical industry)
mustgxpand its production by
about 80 p cent to meet
O farm and industrial demands
Oby 1975. This would involve
O a capital investment of $450
million.
F&lilizr
Synthei ammonia Is a
. chf tourcS of chemical nitro
gen fertiler. It is made from
natural gas and air. Tfte nat
ural gas yielda the hydrogen
and the air the nitrogen.
Natural gas is a hydro-car
bon contains hydrogen and
carbon. The air we breathe
contains oxygen, nitrogen and
carbon dioxide. The job of
producing ammonia is to get
rid of the carbon and oxygen
and leave a product that con
tains one part of nitrogen and
three of hydrogen. The oxygen
is combined with carbon and
passed off in the form of car
bon monoxide and carbon
dioxide. The resulting am
monia has a whiff that would
give you a real jolt if you
O stood over it and inhaled the
fumes.
R. P. Westerhoff, vice presi
dent of Ford. Bacon and
Davis, notes that total existing
ammonia capacity now is
about 10 billion pounds a year
with a value of $500 million.
The expansion he suggests
wguld make it a billion dollar
Industry alone.
Explosives
Demand for a nitrogen fer
tilizer and for ammonium ni
trate for explosives in con
trolled blasting is growing
steadily. Farmers are fertiliz-
- ing their land more heavily
to make it more fertile. They
- will need more as time goes
on and we get into the 200
million mark in our popula
tion by 1975, Westerhoff ex
plains. The Harris, Upham study
-lists many products of the pet
rochemical industry under
such general headings as plas
tics, synthetic rubber, deter-
- gents, plasticizers, dyes and
pigments, medicinal?, flavor
and perfume material, insecti-
cides, and many miscellaneous
uses. The most important in
the miscellaneous are alcohols
which are used as solvents and
anti-freeze.
The big chemical companies
and the big oil companies are
the chief producers of petro
chemicals. Biggest Growth
Harris-Upham looks for the
biggest growth in the field to
come into the plastic segment.
Plastics, the firm notes, have
displaced steel in many appli
cations and have made in
roads into markets previously
held by non-ferrous metals.
Here are a few things that
can come from petrochemi
cals: Your clothing, the vita
mins you take, the antibiotics
that prolong your life, your
tires, the paints and varnishes
in your home, perfume for the
ladies, and the dyes in your
clothing and household articles.
Someday autos may be
made of plastic, walls may be
covered with it so they never
have to be painted, and some
day there may be a paint-free
home with color-impregnated
plastics used for both inside
and outside surfaces.
New Tests Show
One Drink Too
Many for Driving
Vancouver Plants
Damaged by Flames
Vancouver, Wash. (UPI)
A general alarm fire early to-
. day burned through almost a
. square block of plants and
businesses in the west side in-
; dustrial area here.
Fire Chief Vance Galbraith
. said loss "could amount to a
half million dollars."
The blce was discovered
about 1:20 a.m. in a building
of a plastic processing firm.
It spread rapidly to other
buildings in the block, Includ
ing an ice and cold storage
plant structure which housed
a frozen food locker plant, a
cafe and a barber shop. It
also burned a large storage
and distribution plant of the
. Washington farmers Co-op.
Flames for a time threat
ened a row of houses nearby.
Roofs of four homes two
blocks away were3 set ablaze
by sparks as was a paper mill
roof about three blocks away.
Portland Woman
Admits Sjabbing
0 Portland (UPI) Phyllis
(Torchy) Jessing, 28, has ad
. mitQd the stabbing last Fri
day night of Alfred E. Kiefer,
her boy ff?end who was ar
rested recently on extortion
cfraBjDS, police said today.
Miss Jessing, a barmaid,
was held under $10,000 bail
. on a charge of assault while
armef) with . a dangerous
weapon. Kiefer was reported
covering in a local hospital.
Polios quoted Miss Jessing
as (feying she loved Kiefer
and did not know why she
stabbed him.
Police also arrested Wil
liam Fgntr. aga material
witness in the stabbing case
and were seeking James Q.
Jenkins as a material witness.
Kiefer and Jenkins were ar
rested June 4Qand accused of 1
attempting to extort money I
fronhursing homes. J
By DELOS SMITH
UPI Science Editor
New York (UPI) A new
and probably more meaning
ful test of the effect of alco
hol on a driver's ability to
drive safely has turned up
proof that even one drink is
one too many.
The investigating scientists
were so impressed they said
there ought to be laws forbid
ding driving after even the
smallest drink, until enough
time had passed for the ef
fect to wear off.
Previous tests measured the
degree to which dring affect
ed the reactions and the skills
of drivers. On the basis of
those tests, the National Safe
ty Council considers that a
blood alcohol level from zero
to 0.05 per cent does not in
itself make a driver less safe.
The new test measured
what alcohol does to the
minds of drivers to their
judgment and their willing
ness to take chances. On the
basis of this test, any level
above zero, no matter how
slight, can lessen a driver's
judgment while increasing his
sense of daring.
Old Is Meaningless
The old way of testing is
meaningless for drivers who
have had only a few drinks,
said Dr. John Cohen and his
associates, E. J. Darnaley and
C. E- M. Hansel. Perhaps
their reaction times and driv
ing skills are unchanged, but
if so, so what? The "decisive"
question is what alcohol has
done to their thinking.
The scientists tested vet
eran bus drivers with con
spicuous records for safe driv
ing. All were sober family
men; their average age was
45. If alcohol upset their
judgment, then the "conse
quences" of drink would be
much more serious "in young
er, less experienced, or less
skillful drivers," it was rea
soned. Two white - painted posts
were set up on a testing
ground. One post was mov
able and thus the distance be
tween posts could be varied.
Each man sat behind the
wheel of a stationary bus
eight feet wide pointed at a
seven-foot gap between posts
from a distance of 12 feet.
The gap was widened two
inches at a time until the
driver selected the width of
the gap which he thought he
could drive the bus through
without touching either post
Drivers Select Gap
That was the test of judg
ment. It was followed by a
test of daring-do. Each driver
was required to select the
narrowest gap through which
he was willing to try to drive
his bus five times without
touching either post any time.
He was then asked to do, to
see if he could.
The drivers were divided
into three groups. Those in
one group drank 1.76 ounces
of scotch with soda, group
two downed some fast ones
totalling 5.5 ounces of scotch.
Group three got nothing.
The results were statistical
ly calculated to get scientific
accuracy despite "variables,"
such as the fact that the same
amount of alcohol will have
less effect on one person than
another. These "statistically
significant" results were: the
cold sober drivers correctly
estimated the width between
two posts through which an
eight-foot bus could pass, and
when they undertook to drive
a bus repeatedly through the
narrowest possible gap, they
succeeded .The one-drink
drivers were less successful,
and the multiple-drink ones
did even worse.
Dr. Cohen is professor of
psychology, University of
Manchester, England. He has
a world reputation for studies
of the psychology of drivers
and gamblers.
Santa Barbara Notes
Earthquake Activity
Santa Barbara, Calif.
(UPI) Residents of this
quake-conscious area hoped
today the region's latest earth
shaking activity was over.
From "four to six" minor
temblors were reported Sun
day night f after an initial
shock of approximately six
seconds around 9:26 p.m.
(pst). No damage or injuries
were reported.
Residents as far as 10 miles
from here reported the earth
quake activity. s
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MAIN AND CENTRAL
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keep all our prices as low as possible all the time by passing
on to our customers the savings of our efficient, low-cost
storekeeping. Get true picture of real economy. Shop here
where TOTAL SAVINGS ARE GREATERI
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