British Magistrate Urges Look
At Juveniles Under 10 Years
New York OP) American
institutions are doing such a
good 30b with juvenile , delin
quents that it's time to look
toward potential offenders-
youngsters under 10. says a
British woman magistrate.
"People can take courage at
the way delinquency is being
handled within institutions.
Everything is being done for
delinquents. Now we would
do well to give special atten
tion to the generation under
10 years. We must keep them
from following the same pat
tern," said the justice, Mrs.
Gertrude Muriel Fennel
Bishop.
She has spent 10 weeks
studying the American system
of justice through a grant ad
ministered in conjunction with
the Ford Foundation. Mrs.
Bishop has visited 16 prisons,
10 homes for juvenile, offend
ers, a cross-section of Hospitals,
marriage guidance clinics, and
all types of courts. "And I've
done sightseeing in between,"
she said in an interview be
fore returning to England.
The magistrate, who is mar
ried and has a daughter at
Cambridge, handles all types
of criminal cases and domestic
court work except divorce.
She also is a member of the
British National Marriage
Guidance Council and advises
engaged and married couples
on parenthood. '
"It's quite clear that there
is no comparison between the
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American and British systems
of justice. Britain is a small
country under one adminis
tration of justice. That makes
operation easier. But it's
amazing what is being done
here, considering the number
of administrative levels and
authorities," she said.
She found that Britain and
the U. S. tackle problems of
juvenile delinquents and adult
prisoners much the same way.
"You have more delin
quency here, because you are
a large country and have
greater problems of immigra
tion than we do . . . immigra
tion from other countries and
from state to state. But the
pattern of delinquency has
been the same everywhere in
the past 14 years.
"There's been a great in
crease in delinquency in Brit
ain since the war. We don't
Polio Starts Northern
Culminating Battle Seen Near
Editor's note: This is the first of
two dispatches on polio Today:
Checking the disease.
By DELOS SMITH
United Press Science Editor
New York (IB Once
more polio is marching north
with the spring but this year
may be the last time it does
because the final, culminating
battle seems to be at hand.
The battle objective is to get
every man. woman, and child
in the United States injected
with the Salk vaccine.
The big guns of the typical
American high. - pressure
"sales" campaign are begin
ning to boom, and you may
consider this dispatch as part
of it if you wish, since the ob
jective is for the good of all,
although it actually is an in
dependent reporter's account
of what is going on.
- You see, polio as a disease
is so - close to being wiped
out that an important and
pressing question among out
siders is the future of the very
organization which .brought
about the miracle, the National-
Foundation for Infantile
Paralysis. Is it to be allowed
to disappear within a meas
urable time for lack of any
thing to do? -Only
145 Cases
As the annual "polio sea
son" spreads northward from
the deep South this year, it
is but a shadow of what it
was only last year and a
very faint shadow of what it
it was in the springs when
there was no Salk vaccine.
There had been only 145 par
alytic cases up to the week
ending April 19, (the last
available authentic figures),
as compared to 321 for the
same time last year. For the
previous before-Salk years,
the totals were usually several
times that figure by mid
April. x
The'ie dramatic declines
were due to more and more
people having vaccine pro
tection. As of March 1, 62,500,
000 persons out "of a total of
172 million had had one or
more "shots," which means
circulating viruses this spring
have 62, 500,000 fewer human
bodies in which to take root
and cause sickness, paralysis
and death.
Reduce Susceptible Bodies
Now, if you could persuade
172 million persons to get
vaccinated there would be no
bodies in which the viruses
could make headway. Viruses
would remain in circulation
because there is no possibility
of wiping out viruses. But you
can deprive them of suscept
ible people.
That being so, the battle
objective is "total," no less.
There now is plenty of vac
cine. The idea is to get it into
Marine Death March
Leader Promoted
Cherry Point, N. C
Matthew McKeon, who as a
Marine Corps drill instructor
was the central figure in one
of the most publicized court
martials in American military
history, has been promoted to
corporal.
It was the second promotion
for McKeon since he was re
duced in rank and sentenced
to three months imprisonment
in connection with the deaths
of six recruits at the-Parris
Island, S. C, recruit depot in
April, 1956.
The six recruits were
drowned when McKeon led
them into a tidal creek on a
night march to "teach the men
discipline."
Applications Being
Taken for Civil Jobs
Applications for engineer
ing aids for civil, survey and
general , are' now being ac
cepted by the civil service
commission.
Additional information is
available by contacting the
regional director, 11th U. S.
Civil Service region, federal
office building, Seattle, Wash.
have as many crimes of vio
lence as you do, but we have
some," she said.
The magistrate, who lives
in Leicester, blames the rise
in juvenile crime on a general
lowering of moral standards
since World War II, a lessen
ing of respect for older per
sons, and a deterioration in
the child-parent relationship.
"You have the added prob
lem of cars," she said. "Young
people have increased their
range of activities in the auto
mobile age. This has hit the
United States harder because
England hasn't the number of
cars or the distances to travel.
"Another problem in both
our countries concerns money.
Young people earn higher
wages before they are experi
enced enough to handle money
wisely," she added.
everyone of whatever age
from less than one year up to
even 90 or more. To be sure,
such a goal is not likely to be
reached. But epidemiologists
feel polio will have its come
uppance as an epidemic dis
ease when 85 per cent of the
most susceptible children
Unander's Family
Contributed Much
To NW Development
SIG UNANDER
From Pioneer Family
Editor's note: This is another in
a series of profiles of candidates
for governor in the May primary
election: Today: State Treasurer
Sig Unander.
Portland OP) State
Treasurer Sig Unander, Re
publican candidate for nomi
nation for Governor, is from
an early Oregon family who
contributed greatly to the de
velopment of the Pacific
Northwest. His grandfather
was Simon Benson, early day
timberman.
Unander is 44, married and
the father of two small child
ren Sig Jr. 6, and Astrid,
3.
He has been associated
with Oregon government
since 1939 when he was ad
ministrative assistant to ex-
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Sugar Workers
Turn Down Offer
Honolulu (IT) The 103-day-old
Hawaiian sugar strike
today faced the prospect of
being prolonged another six
months.
A recent wage offer pro
posed by the sugar industry
was overwhelmingly rejected
by the sugar workers Tuesday
by a vote of 11,060 to 624. The
International Longshoremen's
and Warehousemen's Union
contracting ' committee had
urged the rejection.
Leaders of both labor and
management had indicated
earlier that they were pre
pared to stand firm on their
positions for "from six to
eight months" if the proposal
was rejected.
In early negotiations, man
agement offered an 8-cent-an-hour
increase, but its latest
offer was 15-cents. The ILWU
has demanded 25 cents.
March;
under 20 and 50 per cent of
all others have been vaccm
ated with three "shots."
All this would seem likely
to put the foundation out of
business, but it won t, no mat
ter how successful.
Tomorrow: The . future of
the "March of Dimes
Gov. Charles Sprague, Elec
ted State Treasurer in 1952,
he was reelected in 1956 by
the largest majority ever re
ceived by a Republican can
didate. Expert Rifleman
Some of his private inter
ests include trout and steel
head fishing and bird shoot
ing. In 1932 he placed 12th
nationally in 'the Olympic
rifle tryouts.
Not a "back slapper," Un
ander is still a friendly man,
genuinely interested in serv
ing his fellow citizens.
He received his degree in
political science -from Stan
ford and his Masters Degree
in finance from the Graduate
School of Business at Stan
ford. Ex-GOP Chairman
During World War II Un
ander served as Lieutenant
Colonel and spent 39 months
overseas receiving the Bronze
Star, six battle stars and dec
orations from four foreign
countries.
In 1950 Unander was chair
man of the Republican State
Central Committee when the
GOP elected a Republican
governor, four congressmen
and a U. S. Senator.
He is a young and serious
man who inherited from his
grandfather a strong belief
in the competative enterprise
system, thrift, hard work and
strict honesty.
A small unit added to a
television circuit would show
for guarantee purposes, how
long the picture tube had
been in use.
LUGGAGE
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of Styles and Colors
Internal Theft by Trusted
Workers Big Business Problem
New York (IPV Internal
theft by trusted employees is
costing American business at
least $4 million a day in
cash and materials.
This year alone losses will
amount to more than $1 bil
lion, predicts Norman Jaspan,
who heads a firm that inves
tigates company shortages!
The big problem no longer
is the night burglar or yegg
but the trusted employee who
has the key to offices and rec
ords and who steals bepause
of various external or company-made
pressures, Jaspan
said in an interview.
Confessions in Record
He says his firm, Investi
gations, Inc., has records of
confessions of trusted em
ployees who cheated for up
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377
to 25 years while pocketing
loot well into the six-figure
bracket.
"Of $60 million we uncov
ered last year," he reports, "60
per cent was traced directly
to employees on the supervis
ory level and above."
"This may be an indictment
of the modern world," he
notes, "but I believe that at
least 50 per cent of all em
ployees would cheat if given
the opportunity." -
No two defalcations are ex
actly alike, but they follow
similar patterns, says Jaspan.
Typical examples are inven
tory padding, price falsifica
tions, refund and sales check
frauds, improper receiving
and marketing practices,
warehouse abuses and padded
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overtime.
Jaspan says management is
to blame for some of the mal
practices because of pressures
imposed on subordinates to
meet "impossible tasks, un
realistic quotas or budgets."
When this is done contin
ually, he says, "something
snaps, people begin to cheat
here and there, then start to
manipulate on a larger scale."
A way to solve the problem,
says Jaspan, is for manage
ment to give more time to
understanding personnel prob
lems. Raises won't help. Manage
ment must get to know the
thinking of its people, per
haps ease some of the pres
sures and try to develop a
sense of loyalty, he says.
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