SIX MEDFORD (OREGON) MAIL TRIBUNE
Sunday, February 2. 1958
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U. S. Stock Soars Skyward
Throughout European Area
; London W United
States stock soared in Europe
Saturday on the tail of the
Jupiter-C rocket;
- Even the Russians appar
ently "were jolted.' They ca
bled "the International -Geo-physical
year headquarters at
Brussels at long last -. they
Jvere airmailing- data from
Iheir Sputniks .1 and II for,
Ihe use of scientists the world
pver.' engaged in' Geophysical
year studies. . r '
j Hitherto, the Soviets had
Xailed to send promised ma
Satellite Schedule Set
For Passes Over U. S.
; Washington- OP) Here is the U. S. earth satellite's
I schedule of passes over the United States Saturday night,
- as calculated by the Naval Reserve Laboratory (all limes
f EST): '- '
1 Southeast of Savannah, Ga. 6:20 p.m., traveling south-
west to northeast.
t West Texas, Tennessee, North Carolina 8:13 p.m. to
; 8:23 p.m., west to east.
San Diego. Calif., southern New Mexico and Arizona.
Z Central Texas and Louisiana, Southern Mississippi and
T Alabama, Northern Florida 10:13 p.m. to 10:25 p.m.. west
Z lo east.
- Honolulu, southwest of San Diego, across Mexico and
tthe Carribbean 12:05 a.m. to
t southeast.
t The Naval Laboratory said it is still using the estimate
- of 2.000 miles and 230 miles as the satellite's maximum
and minimum altitude.
Officials al the National Academy of Sciences said they
S had revised their estimates to 1.700 miles and 200 miles
t for the satellite's apogee and perigee, respectively.
t The two official agencies differed ' considerably in
iheir initial calculation f , the satellite's orbit and time-
table. First announcements were based on projection of a
J limited number of radio "fixes."
Missilemen Vindicated
l (Continued From Page 1)
eo turn down the Army's proposal to try to launch a
atellite. Instead, the Vanguard project was set up, separate
Jfrom the military missile program. It had to develop new
rockets and other equipment from scratch.
Reversed Decision
After Russia stunned the world with its Sputniks, Presi
ident Eisenhower reversed the earlier decision and ordered
ithe Army to use its military rockets in a satellite attempt.
1 Seventy days after making fresh plans and on the first
rtry the Army missile team turned the trick.
The make-shift Jupiter-C launcher blasted off from the
Cape Canaveral test center at 10:48 p.m. EST. Friday.
J Seven minutes and five seconds later Explorer was in
Sorbit. Two hours later President Eisenhower announced its
success.
Z Von Braun disclosed today that Explorer's make-shift
ilauncher weighed 62,471 pounds at takeoff and generated
5b3,000 pounds of thrust.
j The Vanguard launcher, a delicately adjusted precision
instrument, weighs only 22,600 pounds and develops less
3han 40,000 pounds of rocket thrust.
2 Both are small compared with Russia's big military
iockets which launched the Sputniks.
Z The United States immediately cabled Russia and the
ZlGY headquarters in Brussels, advising the 67 other coun
tries participating in the international scientific effort, about
Explorer's orbit, tracking signals, and radio codes.
; Further reports were to be made when the orbit was
Snore precisely determined. Summaries of the telemeterd
information from spac will be sent the IGY headquarters.
i
QUEEN MOTHER IN CANADA England's Queen
Mother Elizabeth (right) shakes hands with'Mrs. Garpard
:Fauteux, wife of Quebec's lieutenant governor, as Mr.
Fautex smilingly watches (center). Also looking on is
aGovernor General Vincent Massey (behind the Queen.
Mother). The officer looking on fleft) is unidentified. The
top in Montreal marked the first leg in the Queen
Mother's 'round-the-world tour.
FRANK C. ROBERTS
D.M.D.
ANNOUNCES THE REMOVAL OF HIS OFFICES
From
THE MEDICAL CENTER BUILDING
To
PROFESSIONAL CENTER
842 EAST MAIN STREET
SUITE 14 PHONE SPring 2-9905
Entrance and Parking on Myrtle Street
terial cleaned from Sputnik
radio signals. Their telegram
arrived four hours after the
American explorer satellite
was launched, the material
Should arrive at IGY head
quarters by Monday.
Congratulations p o u r e c
from Moscow too, where sci
entists hailed the "good news'1
and congratulated their Am
erican fellow-spacemen.
"'.The launching of the 30.8
pound satellite 650 miles far
ther into space than the half
toR Sputnik II did much to
12:25 a.m., Sunday, west lo
make the free and neutral
nations forget the Soviet
break - through and the em
barrassing failure of the Am
erican Vanguard satellite last
December.
The first sour grapes came
from the Communist East
German news agency ADN
which caustically pointed out
that the American "Latenik"
was almost four months be
hind the first Soviet satellite
launched last Oct. 4.
In Egypt, where the Soviet
satellites made a deep im
pression, scientists and other
Egyptians agreed that the
American success helped to
restore Arab regard for Am
erican technical know-how.
In Helsinki, the afternoon
newspaper Ilta-Sanomat ban
nerlined the story and gave
most of its front page over to
it although the paper rare
ly carries foreign news on its
front page.
In Paris, officials at the
French foreign and defense
ministries said the launching
demonstrated American tech
nical capabilities and en
hanced U. S. diplomatic and
military standing.
British scientists were lav
ish in their praise.
Launching Rated
As Boost For U.S.
Washington (IPI Success
ful launching of an earth sa
tellite should strengthen the
United States' voice in world
affairs.
It could move forward the
time at which President Eis
enhower and Secretary of
State John Foster Dulles
would feel it desirable to have
an East-West summit meeting
with the" Soviet Union. There
is some evidence that the ad
ministration has been holding
baevk'iri international affairs
until a satellite was success
fully launched. ""V
Officials said the historic
event will give the United
States a new psychological
and propaganda prestige in
world affairs. But they did
not overestimate the world
impact of the event in view
of Russia's previous achieve
ments in the same field. And
optimism was tempered by re
ports that the Soviet Union
has or wil fire a long-range
missile, perhaps with a satel
lite weighing a ton.
Administration foreign poli
cy makers, including Dulles,
have felt that Moscow's keen
interest in an early top-level
East-West meeting was whet
ted by the Soviet success in
launching Sputniks I and II.
Telegram Sent
By Red Academy
Moscow (IPI The Soviet
Academy of Sciences sent a
telegram Saturday congratu
lating American scientists re
sponsible for launching the
Explorer satellite.
"The Academy of Sciences
of the Soviet Union congratu
lated United States scientists
and engineers who brought
about the launching of the
United States artificial earth
satellite on Jan. 31," it said.
"We were confident that
the technical difficulties en
countered in previous efforts
to launch the artificial satel
lite would be successfully ov
ercome by American scientists
participating in the building
of an earth satellite for the In
ternational Geophysical
Year." '
New England's thousands of
ponds and lakes were formed
during the retreat of the con
tinental ice sheet, when gla
cial debris dammed river val
leys and deranged the drain
age pattern. As the ice melt
ed, the sea rose and advanced
over the coastal lowlands,
drowning stream mouths to
form the estuaries of present
day Maine's coast.
Announcement
Eugene V. Meyerding, M.D.
Announces the Removal of His Offices
FROM v
the Medical Center Building
TO
the MEDICAL DENTAL BUILDING
832 E. Main (Suite 6) MEDFORD
For the Practice of General Surgery; Effective Jan. 30, 1958
PHONE SP 3-3248
Launching Hailed
As Certain Sign
Of U.S. Progress
Washington ft? U. S.
officials Saturday hailed this
country's sucess in launching
a space satellite as proof of
U.S. scientific prowess and
gave notice that it will pass
ahead in the race into space.
The temporary White House
at Augusta, Ga., said presi
dent Eisenhower is "quite
proud" of the American
achievement. Press Secretary
James C. Haeertv said the
president considered explor
er A scientific, not a military,
feat.
Vice President Richard M.
Nixon said the successful
launching "demonstrates to
the world that there's no mon
opoly of scientific capability."
Secretary of State John
Foster Dulles said it proves
U. S. ability to "do almost
anything that can be done."
Dulles made his comment on
returning by plane from a
conference of the Baghdad
pact powers in Ankara, Tur
key. Other comments:
Senate Republican Leader
William F. Knowland
"Those who were selling
America short in this field
were premature in their pes
simistic outlook about our
own potentialities."
Senate Democratic I.eadpr
Lyndon B. Johnson "Now
that we have started, let us
press on with all the force,
imagination and boldness of
which America is capable
into the space age."
Sen. Estes Kefauver (D
Tenn.), a member of the pre
paredness subcommittee head
ed by Johnson that has been
investigating U. S. missile
progress the launching "re
stores part of the prestige
we lost when the Russians
sent their Sputniks up."
Sen. Styles Bridges (R
N.H) "The free "world posi
tion in the race for survival
has improved immeasurably"
with the U.S. success. "How
ever, this is just one mile
stone in the constantly accel
erating pace of exploration
for peaceful space control."
Marks Birthday
For Army Center
Hunts ville, Ala. (IP) Am
erica's satellite success came
on the eve of the second an
niversary of Redstone Arsen
al, the Army missile center
where scientists , developed
the moon-carrying Jupiter C
rocket.
At the announcement of the
launching, the whole town
turned out for a celebration
which authorities said made
"New Year's Eve look quiet."
The shouting, snake-dancing
and horn blowing lasted well
into the morning.
Mayor R. B. Searcy order
ed planes to drop leaflets an
nouncing the Army's success
in orbiting a satellite. He sent
police cars, fire engines and
ambulances roaring through
the town with sirens blaring.
Earlier the Army ballistic
missile agency planned an
open house in honor of the
second anniversary. The sat
ellite success started the cele
bration a day early, and
changed it from a quiet event
to pandemonium.
FIFTY YEARS AGO ;
Burlington, Vt. OPi When
Henry Lane, 75, was brought
into Chittenden municipal
court for a minor road viola
tion, he admitted a previous
conviction for speeding. But
Lane explained that the ear
lier conviction occurred in
1908 when he was arrested
for driving in his White
Steamer at 12 miles an hour.
The New York. State
Science Survey reports that
nine species of woodpeckers
have been recorded in the
state. Most species, however,
are rare, except for the
downy woodpecker, the most
common.
USSR Still
In Rocket
Washington HP) The
USSR is still rocket-power
champ.
Launching Explorer was-a
shot in the arm for. an Amer-
Quick Steps Set
To Force Action
On Peace Plans
Washington -t-OT) The Un
ited States will take quick
steps to pressure Russia into
action on American proposals
to use outer space for peace
ful purposes only, high diplo
matic officials said Saturday.
They said this will be one
of the first "dividends" of
the successful launching of
America's first earth satel
lite, the Explorer.
Another official commented
gleefully that "now we can
hold our heads up again!"
There was a distinct feeling
among these officials that the
Explorer will squelch some
Allied and Soviet pressure for
an early "summit" confer
ence. The American plan has
been to have ambassadorial
and foreign ministers hold
preliminary talks, with a
summit meeting coming no
earlier than next fell.
Officials said today the
Russians undoubtedly have
been wanting to talk at a sum
mit level while they held the
psychological advantage in
outer space. Some of Ameri
ca's allies have urged early
talks, partly because of fear
of Soviet scientific achieve
ments, and until now parallel
American failure.
Officials said the Explorer
strengthens the United States'
hand to enter , negotiations
just ahead for a new round
of East-West talks.
The talks are expected to
get underway at the ambassa
dorial level very soon, Llew
ellyn E. Thompson Jr., U. S.
ambassador to Moscow, will
end his consultations here
next week and leave for Rus
sia Feb. 10.
Officials were interested on
Saturday in reports from Lon
don that Soviet Communist
Party Chief Nikita Khrush
chev had indicated in an in
terview that the Russians may
be willing to wait awhile for
"summit talks. He was
quoted as saying the meeting
could be "postponed" if west
ern leaders do not want to
meet in March or April.
U. S. optimism over its sat
ellite achievement was temp
ered somewhat by the know
ledge that the Russians still
enjoy a big scientific advan
tage. There have been d i s
quieting reports that Moscow
is preparing or has success
fully launched another inter
continental ballistic missile.
The reports raised the possi
bility the Soviet may have a
ton- sized satellite ready to
fire into space.
Schlesinger Seeks
Senate Position
Salem (IPI Sidney Sch
lesinger, Salem, announced
Saturday he will seek the Re
publican nomination for state
senator from Marion county,
the post he now holds.
Schlesinger was appointed
to the state Senate in Decem
ber, 1946, to succeed Mark
Hatfield who resigned when
he was elected secretarv of
state.
Schlesinger is a member of
two legislative interim rnm-
mittees on qualifications
oi county officials and on ed
ucation of mentally retarded
and emotionally disturbed
children.
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Work
ica twice beaten into space
by Russia.
But as a power display it
compared only feebly with
the launching of Sputnik's I
and II.
The Jupiter-C which boost
ed Explorer into orbit de
veloped 83,000 pounds of
thrust. That was more than
twice the power of the Navy's
still earthbound Vanguard
satellite launcher.
But it is only a fraction of
the thrust that hoisted the
Soviet moons.
Russia never has official
ly announced the rocket pow
er used in its Oct. 4 and
Nov. 3 launchings. American
scientists, however, have
made estimates of the power
required to launch 1,120
pound Sputnik II.
These estimates range from
a little over 300,000 pounds
to more than one million.
Perhaps the. most refined
estimate was by Dr. George
P. Sutton of Canoga Park,
Calif., president of the Am
erican Rocket society.
Sutton says that Sputnik
II's launcher must have gen
erated 335,000 to 395,000
pounds of thrust.
That is more than four
times the power of Explor
er's Jupiter-C.
The intercontinental ballis
tic missile Atlas is the only
"piece of hardware" the Unit
ed States has which comes
close to matching the Soviet
satellite vehicle..
Dr. J. R. Dempsey of Con-
vair, which manufactures At
las for the Air Force, esti
mates its thrust at 250,000 to
300,000 pounds.
Dempsey believes the At
las, after six months to a year
of modification, could launch
a U.S. satellite as heavy as
the half-ton Sputnik II.
Observations Set
For Later Date
Cambridge, Mass. (IP)
Dr. Fred L. Whipple, director
of Smithsonian Astrophysical
observatory said Saturday the
American Explorer satellite
must remain aloft for at least
nine months before it will
be visible to the naked eye
in the northern hemisphere.
Whipple said that when the
satellite whirls over the Un
ited States and the rest of the
northern hemisphere it is too
high to be seen without a
telescope. But, he said, this
will change in the course of
nine months so that Explorer
will then be low enough to
be visible to the naked eye.
In scientific terms he said, the
switch in heights results from
a six degree daily regression
to the west in the orbit of
Explorer.
Dr. Whipple, at a news con
ference, said the Explorer
would be visible to the naked
eye in the southern hemis
phere in the next three
months. He said the principal
visual tracking will be done
with high-powered telescopes
at four American stations and
two in South Africa. .
The stations are located at
Yuma. Ariz.. China Lake. Cal.
Albuquerque and Alamo-
gordo, N. M., and in South
Africa at Bloemfontein and
Capetown, he said.
BOOSTS TRADE .
Leeds', England OP) Sir
David Eccles, president of the
British Board of Trade, urged
British traders Friday night
to boost the country's prod
ucts with America's masses.
Eccles said that most wage
earning American families
knew little about Britain and
its products.
Inner windows of a Pullman
railway car are made of shatter-proof
glass.
sons listen) to enjoy latest hearing revolu
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Rocket's Father
Started Career
While A Student
By United Press
Wernher von Braum, father
of the Jupiter-C rocket that
vaulted America's earth sat
tellite into orbid, began his
career in rocketry while he
was still a university under
graduate in his native Ger
many. Von Braun was born March
23, 1912, in Wirsitz, Germany.
A bright student, he received
his bachelor's degree at the
age of 20, and in 1934, two
years latter, he won his PHD
in physics from the University
in Berlin.
In 1930 he began experi
menting in his spare time with
Professor Herman Oberth, the
"father of german rocketry,"
and several other inventors on
a project for the German ord
nance department.
Named Director
Two years later he was
named technical director of
the Peenemuende Missile Cen
ter, which even then was
working on the V-2 rocket,
which rained terror on the
civilian population of London
and Antwerp.
Von Braun stayed at Peene
muende until the end of
World War II, when he de
cided along with many fellow
missile experts to surrender
to the advancing Allied forces
rather than the Russians, who
also were rounding up Ger
man scientists for what
proved to be their own outer
space project.
In this country von Broun
was almost immediately as
signed to the U.S. Army Ord
nance Corps, the branch of
the service with which he
has been working and has re
mained loyal to it ever since,
First Task
One of his first tasks was
the high altitude firings of the
V-2 at White Sands Proving
Ground, N. M., where the
United States was seeking to
learn the operational secrets
of the missile.
It was in April 1950 that
von Braun came to the Army
Ordnance Rocket and Guided
Missile Center at Huntsville,
Ala., and started on the proj
ect that culminated in the
history-making Jupiter-C.
As .director of the Develop
ment Operations Division,
Army ballistic missile agency,
he is the armys top civilian
missile scientist. :
Space 'Mailman'
New U.S. Project
Washington (IP) American
scientists are working on a
mailman in space.
Dr. Wernher von Braun,
Army missiles research direct
or, discussed plans for the
"communications" s a t e 1 lite
Saturday in reporting at a
news conference on u.b. satel
lite No. 1 Explorer.
The "communications" sat
ellite, still in the "early stage'
of planning, could be used
"as a kind of mailman," he
said.
He said it would have an
"electronic memory" that
could record and store data
on its flight around the earth
and relay it back in a matter
of seconds to an earth-bound
tracking station.
Victor Hugo wrote in 1843
that he knew of "no spot more
charming and magnificent
than Biarritz," the French
coastal town near the Span
ish border. He voiced a fear
"that it may become fashion
able" which was soon real
ized. Empress Eugenie "dis
covered" Biarritz and the rich
and famous have been flock
ing there ever since.
The cigar originated in the
Spanish West Indies.
Hearing Secret
Satellite Contest
Won By Army Team
Washington OP) Like a
second string football player,
the Army sat on the sidelines
pleading for a chance, to get
into the U. S. Satellite con
test. When it finally got the
nod, the "sub" won the game.
Saturday the congratula
tions poured in, and the Army
basked in the glory of suc-
ceding where the Navy
had failed In getting this
country's first artificial moon
into space.
The success seemed to show
that the Army could have
done it much earlier if govern
ment officials had heeded its
plea.
The Army had long argued
that it could send a satellite
aloft with a souped - up ver
sion of its already -developed
Redstone military missile. But
President Eisenhower and the
defense department gave the
go-ahead instead to the Navy
for a try with the Vanguard,
non-military rocket that
had to be developed from
scratch. Attempts to launch
Rocket Fuel Said
"Rather Exotic"
By Army Officials
Washington (IPI The
Army made a mystery Satur
day of the "rather exotic
fuel that it reported was used
in hurling America's first sat
ellite into space.
Cryptic references to the
"special fuel"that replaced
the normal alcohol in the
Jupiter-C rocket's first stage
recalled reports of similar
high-energy fuels used in Rus
sian Sputnik launchers.
It was Dr. Wernher von
Braun, the German-born
rocket expert, who referred
to the "rather exotic" fuel
during a discussion of the
launching by a panel of sci
entists early Saturday.
The missile man was quick
ly cut off by another panel
ist who said "we'd better not
talk about that."
Prepared Statements
Prepared statements on the
launching, issued by the
Army, told how the Jupiter
C's first-stage rocket, a Red
stone, had been specially mod
ified for the satellite attempt.
Changes included increas
ing the size of the thrust unit
and reducing thickness of the
tank shell, as well as "mod
ifying the thrust unit to ac
comodate the use of a special
fuel."
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the Vanguard failed.
Army Given Clearance
It was not until Russia beat
the United States into space
with two satellites that the
Army was allowed in the con
test. After the Navy's first
attempt to shoot, the , Van
guard ended in failure when
it exploded just off . the
ground and after weather and
mechanical difficulties stop
ped another try, the Army's
satellite- carrying rocket was
rolled to its Cape Canaveral,
Fla., launching pad.
It succeeded on its first
try.
The Army succeeaed in put
ting up this country'! first
satellite the Russian way
using military rocketry. The
Russians had used military
rockets of proven capacity to
fire Sputniks I "and II into
orbit while this country lost
time trying to perfect the
Navy's Vanguard, a brand
new launching rocket design
ed for purely scientific pur
poses. . '
As long ago as June, 1954,
it was proposed that this
country use the Army's Red
stone, plus other rockets in
booster stages, for a satellite
launching attempt.
Last Oct. 4, Russia launch
ed Sputnik I and on Nov. 3
Sputnik II, and the United
States still had not made its
first attempt to fire Van
guard with its test satellite.
Debate Followed
In the debate that followed
over the U. S. lag, Dr. Wern
her Von Braun, Army missile
director, and others who sup
ported the Army's initial sat
ellite proposal claimed the
United States might not have
been behind if the Army plan
had been given a go-ahead.
They insisted they still could
get a satellite up quickly if
given a chance.
On Nov. 8, the new defense
secretary, Neil H. McElroy,
put the Army into the race.
He told Army missile men
to undertake a launching to
"supplement the present Van
guard program."
It was on Dec. 6 that the
first Vanguard failed. But
Navy men kept busy and
wheeled another to the Flor
ida launching pad last week.
This was the firing attempt
frustrated by weather and
mechanical difficulties and
was followed by last night'i
successful shot by the Army.
The Navy swallowed its de
feat, and Dr. John P. Hagen,
director of the Vanguard pro
ject, said it "is preparing to
try another shot but we
won't say just when."
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