Today and Tomorrow
By Walter Lippmann
AMERICAN LEADERSHIP
IN PARIS
-s As the NATO meeting ends,
it is harder than ever to under
standi what we expected to ac-(k-;complish
by inflating its impor
tance. Our purpose, apparently,
was to rally the Europeans to
two ideas. One was that we
should arm them with interme
diate range missiles. The other
was that they should steadfastly
reject the notion of negotiating
with the Russians.
As the missiles do not now
exist, and will not be ready for
at least a year, we were asking
the Europeans to be highly pro
vocative though they remained
undefended. They were to pro
voke the Russians by agreeing
to set up missile sites long be
fore the missiles could be sta
tioned at the sites. And they
were to provoke the Russians
further by refusing to talk seri
ously with them.
This program was such a crude
miscalculation of European in
terests and of European feelings
that it is no wonder the confer
ence.has shown such spectacular
lack of confidence in American
leadership.
THE Norwegians and the Danes
have rejected the American
military proposal. The British,
the Dutch and the Turks have
accepted it, though it is far from
certain that the British govern
ment has the support of the coun
try and is able to make an en
during commitment. The Con
tinentals, most particularly the
Germans, have not accepted and
have not rejected the Dulles mil
itary proposals. They have taken
an option on these proposals.
They are treating" these options
as a bargaining asset in the dip
lomatic negotiations which, fol
lowing the Bulganin note, they
intend to have with the Russians.
Not the least significant de
velopment in these last days is
that the forthcoming negotia
tions with Russia are to be un
dertaken separately bv various
countries particularly, it must
be said again, by West Germany.
What Mr. Dulles has accomp
lished by his loud and public
protests against negotiation has
been to disqualify himself as the
negotiator in the negotiations
which will nevertheless be car
ried on. The United States will
no doubt be informed and con
sulted during these negotiations.
But the principal negotiator for
the Western alliance will be Dr.
Adenauer.
rpHE decline of Aerican leader-C-J-
ship in NATO is due primari
ly, of course, to the strategic con
sequences of the presumed
change in the balance of power.
The balance, which has turned
against us because the Russians
are ahead of us in the big mis
siles, cannot be righted effective
ly by the medium range missiles
which Mr. Dulles has offered the
Europeans. Unless in Europe and
Africa there were hundreds of
missile sites, too many to be
knocked out by the Russians, it
is a great question whether a
O few missile sites have any seri
ous deterrent Dower.
Our military leadership ofj
NATO is bound to be very weaK
unless and until we have in ac
tive operation on our own terri
tory batteries of inter-continental
missiles. This cannot be done
soon, and the world will not
stand still while we are work
ing to arm ourselves. What we
shall find, what in fact we have
already found in Paris this
week, is that if we renounce di
plomacy in the manner of Mr.
Dulles, our allies cannot and will
not follow our lead.
"JITR. DULLES will find himself
from now on in a very
awkward position. He is the For
eign Minister of the strongest
power of the NATO alliance. On
the crucial question of negotiat
ing with our great adversary, he
is dogmatically at odds with the
interests and the purposes of
most, if not all, of our European
allies. He has dug himself in,
first, by an interview broadcast
in Europe by the B.B.C. just be
fore the Paris meeting and sec
ond, by his funereal statement in
the current issue of Life maga
zine. The immediate effect, as we
know, is that he is to sit on the
sidelines while the Germans talk
with Moscow. But what will be
the effect in the future if, as
might happen, the negotiations
arrive at something which is at
tractive in Europe but requires
the participation of the United
States government? If, then,
there is a failure, will it ever be
possible for Mr. Dulles to per
suade the people of the world
that he has not meant the nego
tiations to fail? This is a heavy
burden which he has chosen
no doubt most conscientiously
to carry on his shoulders,
(c) 1957 New York
Herald Tribune Inc.
Welfare Vill Dip
Into Reserve Fund
Portland IP The Oregon
Welfare commission has voted
to draw about S692.000 from its
reserve funds to pay for higher
costs of state assistance.
Administrator Jeanne Jewett
said the commission's financial
situation is considered "serious"
but not yet critical. She said
the withdrawal from reserves
comes some months earlier than
planned.
A hopeful sign was seen in
Miss Jewett's report that re
ceipts are growing steadily,
most of them from collections
under the relative support act
and claims against the estates of
deceased welfare recipients. Re
venue from those sources, she
said, was about S65.000 monthly
compared to a former monthly
average of $25,000.
Higher Pay Urged
For Research Men
Washington (IP) One of
America's top aeronautical
scientists has warned any delay
in boosting the pay of govern
ment research scientists will
hasten this nation's "present
rate of relative deteoriation in
scientific progess."
Dr. John F. Victory, executive
secretary of the National Advis
ory committee on Aeronautics,
made the warning in answer to
questions submitted by the Un
ited Press.
Victory said the NACA "feels
confident" the administration
and Congress will raise the sal
aries of federal research scien
tists "at least" enough so that
NACA and similar agencies will
be able to recruit their "fair
share" of young scientists and
keep their present "irreplace-leaders."
Cold War Headlines
May Shift Back to
Mid-East in Future
By CHARLES M. McCANN
United Press Correspondent
Cold war headlines are likely
to shift back to the Middle East
again before long.
Dispatches from Europe report
that Soviet
Russia intends
to intensify its
campaign o f
i n f i 1 1 r ation
and propa
ganda. The infiltra
tion would be
centered o n
Egypt and
Charles McCano Syria. The pro
paganda would be directed
against the United States, Tur
key and Jordan, whose young
King Hussein Syria especially
still hopes to overthrow.
Russia has recently offered to
lend Egypt about 175 million
dollars for the purchase of goods
from the Soviet bloc of coun
tries. Syria signed a new trade
agreement, of unspecified
amount, in Moscow Thursday.
Some concern is being expres
sed in Western European capitals
because more attention was not
paid to the Middle Eastern situ-
WANTED
One Christopher Cringle, alias Santa Claus, for deliberate
and premeditated entry, via chimney, into thousands of
American homes. Age ... about 2,000 years. Weight . . .
a good load for eight reindeers. Height . . . tall enough to
be a short policeman, but he's never caught flat-footed.
J Habits ... decided tendency to break out (or in) around
December 25th. Disposition . . . genial, but watch your
pocket-book. Features . . . red nose, handlebar moustaches,
heavy growth of white fuzz on chin. Known to be killer
... of blues, troubles, cares and worries.
REWARD
A generous reward will be paid to anyone who locates the
old gentleman on or before December 25th. The reward
will be doubled if he can be persuaded to visit each one of
our good friends and patrons to express our hearty good
wishes for a Merry Christmas. The reward will be tripled if
he leaves each of our old friends a giant stocking filled with
happiness, peace and prosperity for 1958.
HEATH'S
Medical Center
33 North Central,
PHARMACY
ation in last week's North Atlan
tic Treaty Organization meet
ing in Paris.
The long communique issued
at the end of the meeting dis
missed the Middle East with a
few generalities.
Other Problems More Pressing
However, it is necessary to re
member that the NATO meeting
lasted only four days and that
problems of more immediate
concern took precedence.
There are signs that the posi
tion of the .United States and its
allies may improve within the
next few months despite Russia's
determined campaign.
It is reported in Washington
that President Eisenhower will
soon name Charles W. Yost, a
veteran career diplomat as am
bassador to Syria.
The United States and Syria
have not maintained ambassadors
in each others' capitals since
August.
At that time, Syria alleged
that the United States was plot
ting to overthrow its president.
Three members of the American
embassy staff in Damascus were
expelled.
Syria Ambassador Expelled
The United States retaliated
by expelling Syrian Ambassador
Farid Zeineddine and another
Syrian embassy official in Wash
ington. James S. Moose Jr., the pres
ent American Ambassador to
Syria, was home on leave at the
time. He has not returned to his
post.
Yost's appointment as new en
voy almost undoubtedly would
lead to restoration of normal re
lations. It is persistently reported that
President Gamal Abdel Nasser of
Egypt is increasingly worried
over the dangerous tie-up of his
country's economy with Russia.
One report is that Nasser has
started to ask for guarantees re
garding prices and quality of
goods sent to Egypt by Russia
and its satellites, and that the
Russians are annoyed.
The United States recently
granted Egypt $600,000 in eco
nomic aid the first since Nas
ser's seizure of the Suez Canal
in 1956.
Britain and France are nego
tiating with Egypt for restora
tion of trade relations, suspended
since the Suez crisis, and nego
tiations on Egypt's payment of
compensation to canal stockhold
ers are to start soon.
Sputniks Will Circle
Under Yule Trees
By DONALD R. SHANOR
United Press Correspondent
Munich, Germany (IP)
Twenty-five thousand little sput
niks will circle under Christmas
trees in Communist East Ger
many this year.
East German factories have
been just as busy turning out
nativity scenes and wooden
figures of Santa Claus. But they
are for export to the West only.
Throughout the Communist
world, the propaganda machines
are working hard to obscure the
Christian origin of the holiday
and turn it into a day of pagan
praise to communism. Christmas
toys are an important part of this
campaign.
The earth satellite, current
trump card in Communist prop
aganda, is being produced by
East German toy factories on a
rush basis.
More sputniks doubtless would
be on the market in the other
Soviet bloc nations but for
bureaucratic production tangles
in the state toy shops.
A United Press correspondent
in Moscow overheard a Russian
mother standing at the toy coun
ter of GUM, Moscow's largest
department store, tell her son
why he could not have a sputnik.
Sputniks Before Toys
"I'm sure there'll be many
more sputniks in the skies before
our factories make such toys,"
she said.
In Czechoslovakia, toy produc
tion is subject to strict govern
ment controls and is planned a
year in advance. The October
launching of the Sputnik I ap
parently caught the planners by
surprise and there was no time
to shift gears and have sputniks
ready for Christmas.
All toys must be approved by
a commission in the ministry of
education in Red countries be
fore making their ways to the
store shelves and children's toy
boxes. This year's selection in
clude a battery-powered car, a
wireless telephone, and a steam
shovel with remote controls.
Plastic toys, cheap and un
breakable stocking-fillers in most
countries, are rare in Czecho
slovakia because of the chronic
plastic shortage.
Polish children will also be
sputnik-less. The t r a d i t i o nal
teddy bears and dolls are the
most popular toys there. Me
chandical toys are also much in
demand but are hard to get.
Yugoslav Toys Militaristic
Communist Yugoslavia, well
armed neighbor of the Soviet
bloc, reflects its defense-mind-edness
in its selection of toys.
There are toy rifles, tanks, arm
ored cars, fighter planes, and
drums. There are more toys than
ever in Belgrade shop windows
this season, and more will be
sold. The government has prom
ised an extra month's salary as '
a Christmas bonus to all state i
employes. j
East Germany also has its ;
share of lead soldiers and their j
weapons after banning "mili- j
taristic" toys for more than a j
decade after World War II. i
The sudden switch was caused j
by formation of the "Peoples j
Army" and the need to make it j
popular with the people, from
the children on up.
Hungarian and Romanian toys
are simple carvings that care
fully avoid the Christmas theme.
East Germany, Romania and
Bulgaria place great emphasis
on children's books as Christmas
presents, but the fairy tales
must follow the party line. The
sleeping beauty in the East Ger
man version, for example, is
rescued by a handsome young
party activist rather than a
prince.
Monday, December 23, 1957
MEDFORD (OREGON) MAIL TRIBUNE THREE
Holdup Men Beat,
Cut Portland Victims
Portland Wi A grocer
was beaten and a service station
attendant was cut with a knife
in two holdups which netted
robbers about $167 here Sunday
night.
Police said two youths took
more than SI 00 from a grocery
store on Southeast Hawthorne
blvd. and that one of them beat
the proprietor, Pete Caruso,
about the face. A third man was
outside in a car.
Loren Foster, service station
attendant, was held up by a
man who held a knife to his
face. Foster said the man forced
him to open the till. He suffered
a three-inch shallow cut on his
face. The robber got S67.
Interview Planned
For GOP Candidates
Santa Rosa, Calif. (IP! Can
didates for the seat to be vacat
ed by U.S. Rep. Hubert B. Scud
der (R.-Calif.) will be inter
viewed in Ukiah Jan. 12, the
first congressional district Re
publican committee has an
nounced. Four political hopefuls seek
ing the nomination were inter
viewed Friday night by commit
tee members who met as private
citizens. The committee decided
to stage another interviewing
session in Ukiah where three
more candidates will outline
their views on issues.
Interviewed were Fred Du
Pai, Tiburon, John Synon, Mill
Valley, George Warner, Napa,
and Oscar Larsen, Boyes Hot
Springs.
A fifth man, James E. Busch,
Mendocino, announced his withdrawal.
ARMY ICE PATROL
Buenos Aires (IP) An Ar
gentine dogsled patrol has
crossed the bleak Palmer Pen
insula on Antarctica's northern
coast as part of this country's
observance of the International
Geophysical Year. An announce
ment said the route the army
patrol followed over the Great
Uspallata Glacier and the Ant
arctic Mountains took it as much
as 6,000 feet above sea level.
Irish potatoes are grown in
every state of the Union.
Can't Shoot Santa,
But Somebody Did!
Alameda, Calif. ttPt For
years, people have been saying
you don't shoot Santa Claus, but
somebody finally tried.
Santa, played by Alonzo Jack
son in traditional costume, was
putting a star atop a tree at
the Bethel Missionary Baptist
church when a shot rang out
and a bullet grazed his neck. He
was treated for a flesh wound
while police started a search.
HIGH COURT JUDGE DIES
Manchester, England OPI
High Court Judge Sir George
Lynskey, 69, who conducted a
major post war investigation into
allegations of bribery against
British ministers and top civil
servants, died here Saturday
night in a hospital.
Traffic Checks Get
Credit For Record
Los Angeles (IP) An unusual
ly low accident rate and the ab
sene of a single fatality from a
traffic accident in 48 hours were
credited during the week end
to stepped-up holiday enforce
ment policies of southern Cali
fornia law officers.
Floating roadblocks were es
tablished Thursday to catch sus
pected drunk drivers and other
law violators. There were 64
arrests made in one 24-hour pe
riod alone.
Inspector Russel E. Fuson,
commander of the California
highway patrol's southern zone,
said the roadblocks were estab
lished as a warning to drinking
drivers. "We don't want to ar
rest them," he said. We would
prefer that they take a taxi
home than to drive home themselves."
Cape Canaveral, Fla. Two
government employes lost their
jobs and four others were pen
alized in a stringent crackdown
on security - regulations at the
Air Force ' missile testing center.
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Brownlee Worker
Killed as Car Falls
Brownlee, Ore. IP! A young
construction worker was killed
Saturday about 2:40 p.m. when
a car he had jacked up to work
on fell and crushed him. The
victim was Howard Brooks, 22, ;
of Fairview, Mo. He was the I
son of John Brooks of Fairview. !
Sheriff Frank Yantis of Ad-
ams county, Idaho, said the j
wheels had been removed from !
the auto. He said apparently
there were no witnesses to the
accident, which occurred in a
parking lot near the dam site
at Brownlee.
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