M
52nd Year
EDFORD
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United Press Full Leased Wire
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MEDFORD, OREGON, FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 29, 1957
Pages 1 to 6
Legislative Program Next Year Will
Include Some Educational Proposals
Editor'i note: This is the
fourth in a series of articles bf
United Press Corrsjond
Louis Cassel on icatio.
By LOUIS CASSEL9
United frl Ceijondn
W3shinton The legis
lative program which President
Eisenhower presents to Congress
next Januarw will Include sev
eral proposal for t'.renjthening
American ducatiofi.
The President is expected to
repeat his Jle for large-scale
federal financial aid for class
room construction. This- was de
feated by a close vote in the
House at the last session. Rec
ent disclosures that Russia is
"out-educating" America in the
vital fields of science and en
gineering may im grove its chan
ces next year.
Other Necessary Measures
Other measures which the
President consider necessary are:
1. A nationwide system for
tetting high school students.
Academy standards of high
schools now vary so widely by
communities that the average
diploma is virtually meaningless.
I Administering uniform tests to
I all students would enable each
j school to see how its standards
compare with the rest oi tne
country, and would put pressure
on lax schools to tighten up.
There is likely to be strrenuous
opposition to this idea from state
education officials who see it as
a device for the federal govern
ment to set minimum require
ments for high school diplomas.
2. Financial incentives for
high-apitude students to pursue
scientific or professional studies.
Russia channels the top 30 per
cent of its high school graduates
into institutinos of higher learn
ing to be trained as scientists,
engineers or teachers. Soviet
students who make good grades
are actually paid a salary for
attending college.
In America, where the cost of
attending college averages $1,500
a year, only about half of the
high school graduates with above
average IQs go on to higher in
stitutions. 3. An expanded program to
improve the quality of science
and mathematics teaching in
U.S. schools. About $15 million
is being spent this year on such
projects. The National Science
Foundation, for example, has
57 Million Americans Last Year
Cave $6 Billion to Institutions
By FRED DAWZIG
United Press Correspondent
New York U" Has a friend
or neighbor just "put the bite"
on you for a worthy charity.
If, not you're being neglected.
This is the season for philan
thropy, with the Christmas
ipirit and tax regulations being
what they are.
Last year, 57 million Ameri
cans contributed six billion dol
lars to support 500,000 gift-supported
institutions such as libra
ries, hospitals and universities.
Collecting this money were 35
million volunteers, nearly one
out of every five people in our
country. This army was direct
ed largely by about 450 profes
sional fun-raising firms and 12,
500 trained fund-raisers who re
ceived about 5i million dollars
in fees last year.
Operate Ok Fee Basis
It's a business that is behind
our largest charity drives, for
the fund-raising counsellors set
up and direct the machinery for
collecting the cash. They oper
ate on a fixed fee basis and do
not cojlect money, which is the
solicitor's job.
The fund-raising counsels,
many of whom belong to the
American Association of Fund
Raising Counsels, Inc., a trade
organization, generally scorn
the sidewalk coin box method.
"It's not very profitable or dig
nified," said one executive.
Another not-too-pbpular de
vice is the direct mail solicita
tion. Many fund-raisers resort to
the mails only as a last gasp, or
"mopping up" operation.
In setting up a charity drive
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I funds, the fund-raisers start by
working up "the case," or argu
ments to be used for creating
support. They also seek strong
leadership for the philanthropy,
a solid corps of volunteer work
ers and, of course, an audience
that has money to spare.
Millionaires, as a group, give
the largest amounts to charity,
percentage-wise. In 1945, they
gave about 9 per cent of their
income to charity. Now they
give about 12 per cent. The rest
fof us give between 3 and 5 per
cent.
Franklin Raised Funds
Our fund-raising counsellors
have come a long way since the
days of Benjamin Franklin, who
raised money for a hospital in
Pennsylvania back in Colonial
times.
World War I, with its Liberty
and Victory Loan drives, gave
the fund-raising profession a big
boost, and they've been doing
well ever since. Some of our
older, most experienced firms
have become specialists. The
Ward, Dreshman and Reinhardt
Company, for example, handles
only church appeals and church
related campaigns. The Will,
Folsom and Smith firm special
izer in hospitals.
In order to squeeze out the
crooks, 22 states have enacted
laws that govern charity cam
paigns and an additional 13
states are in the process of
adopting regulatory legislation.
In addition, many cities have
their own ordinances aimed at
keeping out the phony charity.
One estimate said that in 1950,
3 per cent of our contributions
went to racketeers. Because of
state and local laws, and the
work of such groups as the Bet
ter Business Bureau, the Na
tional Information Bureau, the
chambers of commerce and the
AAFRC, the percentage is 'way
down. i
awarded grants totalling $4,350,'
000 to 17 colleges to conduct
training institutes for high school
match. and science teachers.
4. Fellowships for college stu
dents preparing for teaching ca
reers. These presumably would
be concentrated in the fields of
mathematics and science, where
the most acute shortages of high
school teachers now exist.
Still No Complete Remedy
Even if all these proposals
are approved, federal authorities
say they will not add up to a
complete remedy for America's
educational problems. The big
gest part of the job of planning
an financing better schools will
continue to rest with local communities
Marion B. Folsom, secretary of
health, education and welfare
warned that this job cannot be
done cheaply.
"The dollar cost of meeting
our Increased education needs
will be immense by current
standards," he said. "But our
concern should center on the
far greater cost of not meeting
the challenge that faces Amer
ican education."
America is the richest nation
in the world, he said, and there
is no question that we can "af
ford" a top-notch school system
if we really want it.
"It is a matter of voluntarily
assigning the proper priorities,
of making the corret choices,
for the investment of our re
sources. "Conceivably, we may have to
get along with a little less
chrome and perhaps a few less
country clubs in American civil
ization in order to hase more
classrooms and more and better
paid teachers."
16-Year-0ld Hurt
By Another Youth
Police today: are still Investi
gating the assault of James
Nicholas dePlace, 16, 1392 Pop
lar dr. Wednesday afternoon.
The youth, suffered minor in
juries, according to Medford
police.
Police said, the youth was at
tacked while he was walking
along Crater Lake ave., between
Stevens and Spring sts., about
3 p.m. A witness told city police
that a car pulled up beside de
Place, a youth dressed in a green
jacket got out and struck de
Place for no apparent reason.
Police said the two boys rolled
into a ditch while fighting and
two 'youths in the car started to
get out when an adult arrived.
The adult told police the three
boys then jumped back into
their car and sped north on
Crater Lake ave.
The 16-year-old youth told
police he had never seen his
attacker before he was struck
by him. Police report they are
investigating and have given
other law enforcement agencies
in the area details of the assault.
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Allergic Reactions
To Vaccine Caused by
Silk, Research Shows
BY DELOS SMITH
United Press Science Editor
New York (IP) Silk is the
reason why some people get al
lergic reactions from vaccines
and other "biological" medicines,
according to the scientific solu
tion of a long-standing puzzle
in allergy.
The silk is the silk through
which the vaccines and other
"biologicals" were filtered in the
process of manufacture. There
they picked up the silk "anti
gen" which sets off an allergic
reaction in sensitive persons.
The solution was contained in
two reports to the American
Academy of Allergy. One inves
tigator found minute amounts
of the antigen in Asian flu vac
cine and in the Salk polio vac
cine of four out of" five manu
facturers. Use Silk Fillers
The latter was odd because the
procedures for making the Salk
vaccine are exceedingly strict
and they do not include filtra
tion through silk. However, the
investigator, Dr. Monroe Cole
man, of the Jewish Hospital,
Brooklyn, pointed out that some
companies filter distilled water
through silk and use this water
in making vaccines.
Dr. Coleman was stimuated in
to an exacting investigation of
silk antigens (or lack of it) in the
ducts of four manufacturers and
single products of nine others.
The stimulation came from a
study by a group of Cleveland
doctors headed by Dr. Harold J.
Friedman of a boy who had a
strange flare-up of long-arrested
asthma after receiving the com
bined vaccine for whooping
cough, tetanus, and diptheria.
They traced the flare-up to a silk
antigen contained in the vac
cine. Coleman pointed to five rec
orded cases of "severe immediate
allergic reactions" in silk-sensitive
persons after vaccinations.
He said he knew of five others
and estimated there have been
"many more whose true nature
were not recognized."
27 per Cent Incident
He granted that it was not pos
sible to estimate how many peo
ple who have one or more aller
gies are specifically allergic to
silk. However, he tested 250
such persons with silk extract
and found that 69 were, which
is an incidence of 27 per cent.
"The risk of dangerous al
lergic reactions to silk could
be reduced by banning the use of
silk filters in the pharmaceutical
industry," he said. "As substitu
tes, glass filters, various forms
of Seitz-type -filter and nylon
and stainless steel screens are
available.
. "At the present time, silk-sensitive
patients should be warned
of the possible danger of biologi
cal injections. If possible, they
should be skin tested with each
product before use."
Dr. Friedman and his asso
ciates, in their report to the
academy, suggested that manu
facturers should Indicate In
printed matter accompanying
biologicals whether there is any
chance of the silk antigen being
in them. This printed matter
should also contain "a warning
of its potential danger to silk
sensitive individuals."
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