FOUR MEDFORD (OREGON) MAIL TRIBUNE
Monday, NoTember 18, 1957
UKE
"Xvcryone In Southern Oregon
Readi The Mall Tribune"
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Entered as second clasa matter at
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March 3. 1897
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Medford and Jackson County
History from the files of The
Mail Tribune 10, 20, 30 and
10 years ago.
. 10 YEARS AGO
Ifov. 18, 1947 (Tuetday)
A decreeln the Little Butte
creek water case, pending in
jacitson county courts ior near
ly 40 yean and involving ap
proximately 200 landowners, es
tablishes for the owners the
amount of water to which they
are entitled for their acreage
along the stream.
From Arthur Perry's Ye
Smudge Pot column: "Reports
from, the hills say the snow line
is within two feet of the clothes
line."
)ti YEARS AGO
; Not. 18, 1937 (Thursday)
Sale of property of the South
ern Oregon Brewery company
and Gold Seal Creamery, under
a mortgage foreclosure, made to
day. The city is to be decorated
more extensively than in recent
years and musical organizations
will provide Yuletide music on
several occasions, the program
shows.
30 YEARS AGO
Not. 18. 1927 (Friday)
More than 100 male employees
of the California Oregon Power
altand friTWrt frtnim
' smoker.
TVio niiv nt AshbnH contracts
with Max GeBauer of-Medford
to bottle Ashland Lithia water
from the city springs.
40 YEARS AGO
Nov.N18. 1917 (Monday)
Third resignation from the
Medford fire department within
a vveek comes when one of the
men announced plans to enlist.
All members of the Interna
tional Order of Electrical Work
ers in the employ of the Calif
ornia Oregon Power company
discontinue work protesting dis
charge of one of their members.
What's Your I.Q.?
Nine or ten correct Is inperior;
seven or eight Is excellent: five or
six Is good
1. On what day is the famous
Mummer's parade held in Phil
adelphia, Pa.?
2. Bible: According to the O.T.
quotation, what is better than
rubies?
3. Which of these is not a breed
of cat: Manx; Dalmation; Malt
ese? 4. How many gills are there
to a gallon?
o
5. New England is famous for
the sap of which species of trees.
6. In croquet is the ball struck
with a bat, mallet, or raquet?
7. Turtles do or do not have
teeth?
8. Concord grapes are white,
dark blue, or green?
9. Unsanitary means .lacking
sanitation. Does it also mean con
trary to sanitary principles or in
jurious to good health?
10. "At length he stretched out
his head to a conjugal halter."
Juvenal. To what does the say
ing refer?
Answers: 1. January 1. 2. Wis
dom. 3. Dalmation (it's a breed
of dog). 4. Thirty-two. 5. Maple.
6. Mallet. 7. Do not. 8. Dark
blue. 9. No. Insanitary is the
proper word. 10. Marriage.
State 'GI' Loans
In Oregon, out of a population of somewhere
around 1,700,000, there are about 196,000 men and
women who are veterans of either World War II or
the Korean conflict.
Most of these are eligible for a state veterans
farm or home loan. Of the total, only slightly more
than 20,000, or around 11 per cent, have received sucji
a loan.
It is reasonable to expect, therefore, that many
many more will want to take advantage of the ex
ceedingly favorable terms of a state loan someday,
IHAT are their chances of doing so?
At the moment, not too good. The reason for
this is the extreme popularity of the loan privilege
based on its low interest rate and its liberality.
The "State GI Loan" as it has come to be called
was approved by the voters of Oregon in 1945, who
authorized the state to issue bonds up to 4 per cen
of the assessed valuation of taxable property in the
state. The original loan limits were $9,000 for resi
dences and $15,000 for farms, with the maximum
loan not more than 75 per cent of the assessed value
of the property.
Under this program, there was a steady rate of
- - .1 ii. . .ti t
issuance, ana in me spring oi mis year, loans were
within a few million dollars of the bonded maximum
HOWEVER, the Oregon legislature early this year
i;u..k,i 4.1,- i ..: .- i ..:
nuci.cuiz.eu uie xuaii piuvioiuus, i cubing me nieiAi-
mums to $13,500 for homes, $30,000 for farms, and
the top limits from 75 to 85 per cent of the assessed
valuation. It also prepared for the 1958 election ballo
a constitutional amendment to raise the bonding ca
pacity from 4 per cent to 6 per cent.
In the six-month period after the liberalized pro
visions went into effect, 2,573 loans totaling $24,028,
500 were made or some $7 million more than had
been loaned during the entire year 1954.
The loan program, always popular, had become
much more so. As a result, the department of vet
erans affairs has "run out of money" sufficient to
meet the demands of the loan-seeking veterans. It
reached its maximum bonded indebtedness on July
29, for the first time under the loan program.
QINCE that time, the loan program has operated on
w a reduced basis, limited by the amount of money
available. Generally speaking, this is now about $1
million per month from the repayment of existing
loans. This will mean that only some 105 loans can be
made' each month, compared to a rate of more than
550 per month during the summer.
This will continue at least until the November,
1958, election. If at that time the voters approve an
increase in the bonding limit, some $43 million more
will become available. But because of the many vet
erans who have not applied for loans including
Korean veterans who are just now coming to the age
where they are seeking to purchase homes it is ex
pected demand will triple at that time.
This simply means that eligible veterans will have
to wait for their loans, and that not all of them can be
accommodated.
HTHERE are those who feel that the program, as
al. They argue that the overdemand for loans and
undersupply of money substantiates their position.
There are others who feel that the state has not
provided enough money to support the program.
Whoever is right, it is a fact that the loan program
has been a sound one, and has provided material as
sistance to a lot of veterans needing help m buying
homes or farms. The program is entirely self -sustain
mg, and the rate of foreclosures for non-payment has
been exceedingly low. Bond redemption is on or ahead
of schedule.
One of the most popular features Is a low-cost
mortgage cancellation life insurance plan available
to all borrowers.
A lot of would-be borrowers are going to be dis
appointed in not being able to take advantage of the
attractive benefit and principally because it is at
tractive. As of now, it is f irst-come, first-served, with
a long wrait necessary. E.A.
Important "Week"
(The following letter, slightly condensed, is from Roy
Gilbertson, principal at Lincoln school, to his students on
the subject of "American Education Week," Nov. 10 to 16.
It appeared in the school publication The Lincoln Legend.)
Dear Students :
There are many weeks which are "set aside." Such
weeks are spotlights on some idea or thing. None
could be of more importance than that which we call
"American Education Week."
Have you ever asked yourself, "What is the great
est force or powrer that you know of in this world of
ours?" You may reply, "The atom bomb must be the
most powerful." Some of you might say, "I think it
must be powerful forces of nature such as a tornado or
hurricane."
Yes, they are mighty forces. However, there are
greater powers and forces. The force of "Good" is
much greater than any of those we mentioned; it is
far more powerful than all the atom bombs which
have been set off or which shall be.
.Through our schools we try to create the force of
"Good" within people; to make of them useful small
forces. Put all the small goods together and we have
much' good.
Each of us has a life to live. Life is the greatest of
all gifts. It is necessary that each of us make the light
within us somehow not only less dull, but greater,
with each day. This is where your education comes
in. There is no way for you to knowT just what you will
be some day. We do know that "How good you are
at what you do" will depend upon "how you learned
to work in school.
'Qw'r wm.ttoi. fes just chkmn ok motor:
Pressure Groups Seen
Obstacle to Cutting
Federal Expenditures
Bv LYLE C. WILSON
United Press Correspondent
Washington (IP) The eov-
ernmpnt's own figures identifv
the pressure groups among which
resident Ei
senhower con
f i d e n tly ex
pects to have
troubIe.in the
next session of
Congress.
Pressure
groups are so
called because
tripv o v p r t
i,yi. c. wuso pressure on
Congress for this or that usual
ly some of the taxpayers' money.
The President told his Okla
homa City audience last week
mat increased aetense expendi
tures would require off-setting
economies. He added:
'But the savings of the kind
we need can come about only
throueh CUttinff out. nr rlefprrinff
entire categories of activities.
"This will be one of the hard
est and most distasteful tasks
that the coming session of Con
gress must face, and pressure
groups will wail in anguish."
Election Year
With such laneuaee the Presi
dent Out the congressional noliti-
cians feet to the fire, his own
along with them. There will be
congressional election next
year. Pressure groups not only
wail in anguish against proposed
economies, thev Drobablv also
will threaten the eeonomi7
with political death at the polls.
There is. for examnle-. the
farm bloc in Congress renrpspnt.
ing the more direct beneficiaries
oi me nve Diuion dollars which
the administration riroDosed to
spend on agriculture and agricul
tural resources in the present
fiscal year. Farmers comprise a
I powerful pressure group,
I There are the organized vet
erans of World Wars I and II, a
pressure group which has been
the major factor in boosting
government spending for vet
erans' services and benefits
above the five-billion dollar
mark.
'Labor and welfare projects
accounted for more than three
and a half billion dollars in the
1958 fiscal year budget; natural
resources $1,500,000,000; com
merce and housing $1,700,000,-
000; international affairs and fi
nance $2,400,000,000.
Military 'Untouchable'
Untouchable is the interest
charge against the national debt
which this year will amount to
more than $7,300,000,000. The
President holds untouchable,
too, the cost of military and other
aid to foreign nations.
The eftire categories of acti
vities to be killed, therefore,
must be found among expendi
tures now established in the
areas of agriculture, labor, wel
fare, veterans' services and bene
fits, commerce and housing
It will not be easy and may
not be possible. The alternatives
are these: Tax hikes to cover ad
ditional deiense costs or more
government borrowing. The odds
against an income tax increase
in an election year are very
long. Government borrowing is
the easier way,
It also can be the way toward
national bankruptcy . and infla
tion, in 27 tiscai ' years smce
1930, the government has spent
more than its tax take and bor
rowed the rest.
That is what shrunk the U.S
dollar to about -half its old time
purchasing power. There is no
guarantee that the faithful buck
will not shrink further to a dime
or, even, to nothing.
In the Day's News
By FRANK JENKINS
This is written on Friday.
Two things happened this
morning to take our minds, at
least for the moment, off Sput
niks, missiles and Russia:
1. The Federal Reserve Board
reduced the Interest rate on
loans to member commercial
banks from 3Vi percent to 3
per cent. This was hailed gen
erally as the end of the 2V-
year-old "tight money" policy.
2. Following this action on
the part of the Federal Reserve
Board (and presumably influ
enced by it) stocks scored a
sharp advance in the most active
trading on the New York ex
change in 17 years.
:y?
is
What happened in Wall Street
a highly technical matter and
this writer is, no stock market
technician.
But this much is clear:
When the market opened this
morning THERE WERE MORE
RTIYERS THAN SELLERS.
When there are more buyers
than sellers PRICES RISE.
T ET'S Go on from there.
When people buy, they are
usually in an optimistic mood.
When they sell, they are apt
to be in a- pessimistic mood.
So
Wn at happened In the stock
market.may be accepted as reas-
iirt C-nt nilrc micciloe nr . mie- !
siles, Moscow or no Moscow
a lot of people still have faith
in the future of our country.
That is ; IMPORTANT.
Without faith in our country,
we can get nowhere.
A word is in order here about
thp stork market
There was a time when the
slock markets were looked upon
as the preserves ' of the big
money interests. That time is
past. At the present time, more
than EIGHT MILLION people
own securities listed on the New
York Stock Exchange alone.
That means eight million in
dividuals. Most of these ' indi
viduals represent family groups.
So this-, eight million figure
represents a rather considerable
group in our total population.
AND
It must be remembered that
these eight million people re
present only the owners of se
curities on the New York Stock
Exchange. They do not include
those who own securities listed
on the nation's other stock ex
changes " the American ex
change in New York, the stock
exchanges in Boston, Chicago,
St. Louis, Kansas City, San Fran
cisco, Los , Angeles and numer
ous others not to mention the
securities bought "over the.
counter."
Owners of shares in American
business enterprises are very,
very numerous indeed. Stock
ownership is no longer confined
to the very rich. It includes all
kinds of people.
That makes what happened
this morning all the more interesting.
Russ Failure Seen in Attempt
To Start International Group
By CHARLES M. McCANN
United Press Correspondent
Soviet Russia apparently has
failed in an .attempt to set up a
new international Communist
"" 'I organization.
There have
been persist
ent reports re
cently that So
v i e t leaders
were trying to
establish such
a n organiza
tion. O s tensibly,
the object of
would be to
Charles M. McCann
the organization
promote unity among communist
parties inside and outside the
Iron Curtain.
, Its real object, of course,
would be to restore Russia to
its onetime position as the foun
tainhead of Communist wisdom.
But Nikita S. Khrushchev, the
Soviet Community Party leader,
now says that no such organi
zation is either planned or need
ed. In his interview last Friday
with Henry Shapiro, chief of the
United Press Moscow Bureau,
Khrushchev, said:
'The times do not require
any Comintern or Cominform,
which played their historic role
and fulfilled their functions."
Khrushchev referred to the
old Communist International,
called the Comintern, and the
more recent Communist Infor
mation Bureau, called the Cominform.
No Successor Planned
Krushchev told Shapiro em
phatically that no successor to
these organizations was planned,
But there is good reasqn to be
lieve that a new organization
may have been discussed in Mos
cow last week, when the leaders
of the Communist parties of
many countries were there for
the celebration of the 40 anni
versary of the Bolshevik Revo
lution.
Assuming that Khrushchev
meant what he said in asserting
that there is no plan for a suc
cessor to the Comintern and the
Cominform, it is most likely that
the reason is a lack of enthusi
asm for the idea.
It was reported last January
that Soviet leaders had sounded
out Communist chieftains of oth
er countries on a new organiza
tion and had been rebuffed. At
that time, it was said that Mao
Tse-Tung and Chou En-Lai of
China and Wladyslaw uomuiKa
nf Poland were among those
who had objected. There was
no mention of President Tito of
Yugoslavia.
Tito Absent
Tito was a notable absentee
from last week's Moscow cele
bration. He cancelled his visit,
nleadine an attack of lumbago
It is still a question whether his
absence was a diplomatic one
But there are strong indica-
ions that the Chineses and Pol
ish Red leaders and Tito want
no part of a new organization
which would restore itussian
Communism to its old supre
macy.
The old Comintern was set up
in 1919. It was a vicious agency
of Red Propaganda, intrigue anu
subversion. Josef Stalin dis- refusing to subordinate Yugo-
solved it in 1943 as a gesture to
Russia's wartime allies.
The Cominform was set up in
1947 as successor to the Comin
tern. It never functioned well.
Stalin used it as his instrument
in trying to ruin Tito when Tito
committed the deadly crime of
slavias interests to Russia's.
What happened was that not
Tito but the Cominform was
ruined. The Reds explained
that it was out of date. And so
it was Russia had lost forever
its domination of world Communism.
Matter of Fact by stewon auoP
Stewut Alfop
Morse Says Nation
Set Back by Red Gains
nakland. Calif. (W Sen.
Wayne Morse (D.-Ore.) said Sat
urday nigt the nation was awak
ening from "five years of gov
prnment bv tranquilizer" in the
face of Soviet scientific and mil
itary gains.
Morse, speaking at a conier-
pnce oi me lauiuriua uciuu-
cratic council, accused President
Eisenhower of being a pari
time president." He- said that
after what he called the admin
istration's "failures in the mis
sile and sateUite fields" the peo
ple deserve something besides
coast-to-coast bedtime stories.
The senator called Russian
satellite success "the most deci
sive setback the Communist bloc
has Inflicted on the free nations."
He said the administration has
not concentrated upon national
problems with the urgency re
quired except under pressure.
He urged that only "realistic
public discussion" be used to
force attention upon these prob
lems.
SEEK INDEPENDENCE
Bolzano, Italy OP) About
000 Italian riot police turned
out to preserve order Sunday
when an estimated 20,000 German-speaking
citizens of this
former Austrian province dem
onstrated for independence from
Italy.
HE ATE AND DIED
GEO. N. TAYLOR
"Eat that fruit and you die," so God
warned Adam and Eve, our first parents.
Adam ate the fruit and he died. Then
Adam's sons, away down to you, ate the
fruit and died.
"All have sinned," said God who gives
or withholds eternal life. But God so loved
you that he gave Christ, His Son, to die for
you. Receive Him as your Lord and Sa
viour and God gives you eternal life.
Then read the Bible and pray. So you
grow.
M.
MORE SMOOTH THAN
ROUGH
Washington The American
government, unlike the Soviet
government, never follows the
"zig-zag" course laid down by
Lenin. Instead
of zigging or
z a g g i ng, the
American
govern ment
changes its pol
icy slowly.
pond erously.
while g o vern-
m e n t spokes
men protest
that there has
been no change at all. Yet. when
the change is complete, it may
represent a 180 degree turn.
Although the issue is still in
j i
qoudi, me American govern
ment appears to be'making such
an unacknowledged 180degree
turn. The President's second
speech in his speech-making se
ries, with its previously unimag
mabie hint of an unbalanced
budget, suggests that such a turn
is in prospect. Yet neither of the
President's speeches so far has
really spelled out the somber,
underlying facts which insist
ently demand that the turn be
made.
On the contrary, the Presi
dent's speeches, and especially
me nrst, nave been interesting
examples of the selective use of
information. The President had
promised to give the country
me rougn with the smooth."
But so far, at least, he has made
the smooth a lot smoother than
it is, and the rough a good deal
less rough.
CONSIDER some of the things
the President has said, and
some things he has not said. He
has said that "The B-52 bomber
... is standard in our Strategic
Air Command." What he did not
say is that there are only six
partially equipped wings of the
B-52s in SAC's total of 45 wings
this smau proportion being
largely due, of course, to his
own administration's decision to
cut back sharply on B-52 pro
duction.
The President has said that
Our ballistic missiles have had
successful flights to as much as
3500 miles." What he did not
say is that the missile which
flew 3500 miles was strictly- a
jerry-built test vehicle, with no
military use; 'and that it will
be several years at least before
we have operational missiles ca
pable of hitting targets at ranges
oi d5U0 miles or more.
The President has said that
Our scientists and engineers
have solved the (atmospheric re
entry) problem," and he display
ed the nose cone of an Army
missile to "prove" it. What he
did not say is that the nose cone
he showed re-entered the atmos
phere at a speed at which the
re-entry problem is relatively
easy to solve, a speed far less
man mat required lor opera
tional long-range missiles. What
he also did not say is that the re
entry problem has by no means
been solved for missiles which
must re-enter the atmosphere at
speeds of 20 times the speed of
sound or more. ,
QTHER examples 1 i k e the
President's reassuring refer
ence to the militarily valueless
Snark" subsonic missile could
be cited, of this selective use of
information, which makes the
smooth seem smoother than it is.
But in both speeches, the Presi
dent has also been reticent about
the rough. He has remarked
parenthetically, for example.
that "The Soviets are quite like-;
ly ahead in some missiles - and
some special areas." He has not
said that his own administra
tion's intelligence estimates as
sume that the Soviets must al
ready have an operational inter
mediate missile system some
thing we will not have for three
years at best.
In any speech (as in any arti
cle or column) information must
be used selectively. But the se
lective use of information by the
government becomes a matter
of real national concern when,
as today, the government has
access to many facts which are
hidden from the public.
Some months ago, for exam
ple, former Defense Secretary
Charles Wilson made public a
secret intelligence estimate that
the Soviets had cut back sharply
on their production of long
range Bison bombers. He used
this information to justify his
own cutback on B-52s. But he
did not make public other intel
ligence, which showed the So
viets moving into the production
stage on long-range missiles
which was the reason they
could cut back on the manned
bombers.
TN THIS way, the government
can so select its facts as to
support its policy, while hiding
those facts which argue against
the policy. The selective use of
intelligence in this way is a
dangerous thing, however accu
rate the intelligence may be
(and the intelligence record in
the missile field has been excel
lent) for Intelligence should
never be used as the hand maid
en of policy.
There is another way in
which the selective use of infor
mation is a dangerous thing.
Any government naturally tends
to put the best possible face on
matters involving its own stand
ing and past record. But the ef
fort to overtake the Soviets in
the new weapons will be long
and painful, if it is to be made
at all. And the effort will not be
made, in the long run, if the
country does not understand the
reasons why it must be made.
The President has not yet really
spelled out those reasons, which
are very "rough reasons in
deed.
Copyright 1957,
New York Herald Tribune Inc.
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If YOUR WITNESSING
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