TWrLTE MZDrOBD (OREGON) MAIL TKrBUrTi:
Monday. October 28, 193T
Magnuson Backs
Red China Trade,
Newsmen Entry
Honolulu IP Sen. 'Warren
Magnuson (D-Wash.) arrived
here Friday night with a re
newed plea for American trade
with Communist China and a de
mand that American newsmen
be allowed into the country.
Magnuson, en route home
after a Far East tour which in
cluded Formosa, Hong Kong
and Japan, urged America to
enter into immediate trade
agreements of non-strategic ma
terials with Red China.
He pointed out that last year
the United States did 30 million
dollars worth of business with
Russia and presented Poland
with 100 million dollars worth
of aid.
"I can't see why we can't
trade in non-strategic materials
with China," Magnuson said.
Algerian Rebellion Three Years Old This
Week; No End of Conflict Said in Sight
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Algiers V Three years ago
this week, a government com
munique announced that "in the
course of the night, 30 acts of
violence were committed in dif
ferent parts of Algerian terri
tory." The date was All Saints Day,
Nov. 1, 1954. It was the start of
the Algerian revolution.
Today, this is the only war in
progress anywhere in the world.
It is a cancer which has
drained manpower and money
from France and is sapping the
foundations of the fourth repub
lic. On Nov. 1, 1954, a band of
3.000 Algerian Nationalists dug
themselves in hideouts located
in the Aures mountains of West
ern Algeria. They coordinated
terrorist attacks throughout the
territory.
The French rushed troops into
the area for what they thought
would be a relatively quick "re
pression" of the revolt. Today,
they have 400,000 troops in Al
geria and the revolt still is in
progress.
Nationalists Claim 150,000 Men
Algerian Nationalists claim
they have a 150,000-man guer
rilla "army of liberation" organ
ized. They say they have the se
cret support of nearly all of
Algeria's 9,000,000 Moslems.
The French, however, say there
are now only about 23,000
armed rebels.
The French have nearly end
ed Nationalist bomb-throwings
in the city of Algiers itself by
arresting the grenade gang ring
leaders. Outside the city, daily
battles continue to be fought
throughout Algeria's northern
zone, the main theater of the
struggle.
The northern zone consists of
two belts of land. The first is a
narrow coastal ribbon of farm
country and ports lying along
Algeria's 605 - mile Mediterra-
JiFrom what I saw in Hong
Kong, everyone else is."
He said trading with the Com
munists would no necessarily
mean that the United States
should recognize the country.
Commenting on the U.S. for
eign aid administration, Magnu
son said, there's a lot of waste of
American aid, and the Adminis
tration should reconsider send
ing aid to neutral countries.
"There car- be no neutrals in
this world situation," he said.
Magnuson, who was accompan
ied by Seattle industrialist Nick
Benz and their respective secre
taries, plans to leave Saturday
for the United States.
nean shore. Filling in the space
behind this strip lies a broad
region of mountainous up-country,
reaching widely inland,
about 350 miles.
Rebel activity along the coast
al strip is 'confined to street
gunnings, knifings, grenade
throwing and minor sabotage.
In the wild hill country rebel
bands spring murderous am
bushes on French patrols or
swoop down in flying raids on
cutlying farms ?nd settlements.
Rebels in Sahara
Their southern boundaries
stretch deep into the continent
to touch French West Africa.
They enclose a huge stretch of
the Sahara desert, where rebel
agents are trying to stir up
trouble.
Faced with a continuing fight
in the north and a threat in the
south, France has still another
problem: The aid and comfort
given the Algerian rebels by
North African Nationalists in
Morocco to the west, Tunisia
and Libya on the east.
French authorities also claim
a steady flow of arms and re
cruits is being fed from these
countries to the "army of liber
ation" inside Algeria.
It is under such conditions
the Algerian war has dragged
on. Recent estimates are that it
now costs France about $4,761,
904 a day to fight this war.
But the majority of French
men apparently are convinced
this gigantic effort is necessary
because, for most Frenchmen,
"Algeria is France" and so it
must remain. They see Algeria
as the keynote of French Africa,
the single biggest proof that
France is a great power.
Algeria became French in
.1830 when Charles X, the last
of the Bourbons, sent an expe
dition there.
Settlers Follow Soldiers
The soldiers were followed by
swarms of settlers who streamed
across the Mediterranean sea
straight from the overcrowded
French cities.
The settlers brought with
them modern techniques and
the Napoleonic code. At first
they took over the rich coastal
farming strip and elbowed the
Algerians back into the hills.
Then they ran highways and
railroads across the land, built
schools, irrigation systems, pow
er plants and hospitals.
They transformed the wild,
barbaric kingdom into what
they called a "French province."
French became the official lan
guage and Frenchmen ran the
show.
After World War II. the first
faint rumblings of Algerian na
tionalism were heard.
Gen. Charles de Gaulle, who
had used Algeria as his Free
French headquarters, made
some concessions and in 1947
the French parliament voted
through a new Algerian statute
with many liberalizing provi
sions. But even the French agree
today that the basic promises of
the new statutes were not kept.
Despite the guarantee of equal
ity writen into its preamble, the
French in Algeria they now
number one million continued
to run almost everything.
The Goal: Independence
Gradually, as the Moslems re
acted to this situation, Algerian
leaders who were bluntly na
tionalistic gained wider audi
ences. These political spokes
men now form the central com
mittee of the National Libera
they who have laid down the
one condition for peace, which
France refuses to accept: inde
pendence for Algeria.
In the United Nations, last
February the political commit
tee cited France for her han
dling of the Algerian situation
and foreign minister Christian
Pineau, a Socialist, repeated
France's contention that the Al
gerian problem is an essentially
internal one that the U.N. had
no right to handle.
He went on to inform the
committee France had every
intention of instituting progres
sive reforms in Algeria. The
committee then passed a reso
lution expressing its hope that
a peaceful solution will be
found.
The .long conflict grinds on,
and though many plans have
been put forward for ending the
rebellion peacefully, the end is
tion Front or FLNM, and it is I nowhere in sight.
SPIRITED FIGHT is staged in Brighton, Mich., 40 miles
from Detroit, by two farmers in dispute over conduct of
milk strike being waged for higher prices. (International)
Most Versatile Radio Plant
To Broadcast for Catholics
Santa Maria De Galeria, Italy
(IP) One of the world's most
powerful and versatile broad
casting plants started beaming
the voice of the Roman Catho-
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lie Church to all points of the
globe Sunday.
The new radio station and its
25 giant antennae, built at a
cost of $2,400,000 will enable
the Vatican to pierce Iron Cur
tain jamming or unfavorable
weather conditions.
Pope Pius XII, 81-year-old
spiritual leader of 450 million
Roman Catholics, launched
the station with a 15 - minute
peace message in Latin at 10:30
a.m. Sunday (5:30 a.m. EDT). .
He touched on key issues of
the East-West struggle.
The Pope drove here from
his summer residence of Castel
Gandolfo to inaugurate the ra
dio center, biggest in Italy and
with some technical features
unique in the world.
Has Around-The-World Range
The 24 shortwave and one me
dium wave antennae will allow
the Pope for the first time to
make his voice heard directly
at every point of the globe.
Technical progress has made
the old station obsolete and the
108.7-acre Vatican State is too
small to contain the sprawling
new installations. The Santa
Mari Di Galeria site, 11 miles
north of Rome, measures 1,038
acres.
Italy has granted the Vatican
extra-territorial rights over the
area making it the 13th Papal
enclave in Italian territory. The
other 12 include the Papal Villa
in Castelgrandolfo and church
office buildings in Rome.
The new center, planned for
a decade and under construc
tion since 1955, took more than
70,000 man-hours of work.
Dutch Giv Transmitter
Most of the money was con
tributed voluntarily by Catholics
the world over. The most signifi
cant single contribution was a
$255,000 100-kilowatt transmit
ter donated by Dutch Catholics
during the 1950 holy year.
The center's unique character
istic is its ability to broadcast to
any given point of the globe in
line with the atmospheric con
dition prevailing at the time.
This is done by changing the
angle at which the short waves
are beamed to the ionized strata
' of the ionosphere up to a height
i of 280 miles half the initial
altitude of the Sputnik for re
I flection back to the earth.
Soviets Past Peak,
Ex-Secretary Says
Anderson, Ind. (IP) Former
Defense Secretary Charles E.
Wilson Saturday said there is
"reason to believe that the rise
of Communism may have reach
ed and passed its peak."
But Wilson warned that "we
must be on our guard in all
areas where Communism is a
threat to our free system," in
the military, economic and soc
ial and human relations areas.
Footballs are often called pig
i skins but actually the outer
I covering is usually made from
: the hide of a steer.
Pipeline Merger
Opposed By PUC
Salem IW Public Utility
Commissioner Howard Morgan
Saturday filed a notice of inter
vention with the Federal Power
Commission protesting a pro
posed merger of Pacific North
west Pipeline Corporation with
the El Paso Natural Gas Com
pany. Earlier this week, Attorney
General Robert Y. Thornton and
the PUC teamed up to success
fully oppose a motion before
the federal court at Salt Lake
City in which El Paso had sought
dismissal of anti-trust proceed
ings against it or a stay of pro
ceedings until final determin
ation of the merger case by the
Federal Power Commission.
Morgan told the FPC he had
"grave doubts as to whether the
merger is in the best interests
of the people of Oregon.
He noted that El Paso serves
California and other southwest
ern states and that it owns 98.2
per cent of the common stock of
Pacific Northwest which serves
Idaho, Oregon and Washington.
Both the Attorney General and
Morgan said they feared that if
the companies merged, more at
tention would be paid to the lu
crative California market at the
expense of more slowly develop
ing Oregon.
The northwest corner of New
Mexico, joining Arizona, Utah
and Colorado, is the only point
in the United States where four
states meet.
The Hawaiian langauge eon
tains only 12 letters, fewer let
ters in a complete alphabet than
any other known language in
the world.
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