FOUR MEDFOHD (OREGON)
UHI
"Zvcrron In Southern Orefao
Read The Mall Trlburf"
FobHIhrfl Dall t Except Saturday by
AtEDFORD PRINTING CO
27-29 North rtr St. Phone 2-8H1
ROBERT W RUHU Editor
HERB GREY Advertising Manager
&ERAJ.D LATHAM. Business Manaex
ERIC ALLEN JR. Manamne Editor
KARL U AI'AMS City Editor
BARRY CHIP MAN Telegraph Editor
RICHARD JEWETT Sport Editor
OUVE STARCHER Society Editor
DALE ERICKSON Circulation Mgr.
An Independent Newipaper
Entered aa second claa matter at
Mediord Oregon under Act of
March 3. 1897
SUBSCRIPTION RATES
By Mail In Advance: Per Copy 10c
Daily and Sunday One year f IS 00
Daily and Sunday Si month 8 00
Daily and Sunday Three mo 4.25
Sundav Only One year S4.20
By Carrier In Advance Mediord
Ashland Central Point Eaffle Point.
Jacksonville. Cold HID Phoenix.
Shady Cove Rosrue River. Talent
and on motor routes:
Daily and Sunday One year SIB 00
Dally and Sunday One month 150
Carrier and Dealer 10c per cooy
All Term Cash In Advance
bffvial Paper of the City- of Medford
Official Paper of -Jackson County
m United PreasFull Leaaed Wire
MEMBER Or AUDIT BUREAU
OF CIRCULATION
Advertising Representative:
WEST-HOLIDAY COfc'PANT INC
Office in New York Chicajro. de
trait. Sa n Ft a ncisco. Los Angeles
Seattle Portland St Louis Atlanta
Vancouver BC
NATIONAL IDITOIIAt
AISOCk-A'lSN
rra
Sff NIWSPAPil
rUILIIHtll
ASSOCIATION
High! o' Time' '
Medford and Jackson County
History from the files of The
Mail Tribune 10, 20. 30 and
40 years ago.
10 YEARS ACO
July 31. 1947 (Thursday)
Capt. Warren B. Smith, for
merly of Medford, pilots plane
in Inauguration of new Buenos
Aires route.
From Arthur Perry's Ye
Smudge Pot column: Teenagers
of both genders are now at large
with shirt-tails unfurled.
20 YEARS AGO
July 31. 1937 (Friday)
Medford residents requested
by Fire Chief Roy Elliott to
burn all rubbijh and dry grass
withoiS delay.
Sale of the Bellview site to
gether with a WPA project now
pendjng in Washingon will re
sult in extensive improvements
for the Southern Oregon Normal
school, the president says.
30 YEARS AGO
July 31. 1927 (Sunday)
State highway department ad
vises drivers to pry out crushed
gravel stiftk beween tire treads
after driving over freshly oiled
r$ads.
Crater National fcrest ranks
second of Oregon and Washing
ton national forests in timber
receipts.
40 YEARS AGO
July 31, 1917 (Tuesday)
Woman smuggles booze from
California while dressed in
khaki bloomers and hat to ap
pear like soldier.
Company C relieves Company
I on guard duty in Medford.
What's Your I.Q.?
Nina m ten eorrnrt ! inperlor
even or tHbt U HcaUent; liv or
ix U good.
1. When a bride divested her
self in church of all her clothes
except her smock, under the no
tion that her husband would not
be responsible for any of her
debt, the wedding was called
what?
2. What island is known as
"Queen of the Antilles?"
3. Bible: What was the trad
of "a certain man named Demit
rius?" '4. Is Washington, D.C.. north
ors outh of the Mason and Dixon
line?
5. Which large automobile
manufacturing group is known
as GM?
6. For what purpose did Ru
dolph Hess. Nazi leader, say he
made the flight by plane from
Germany to Scotland?
7. In what sea are the islands
of Coo. Lero and Samos?
8. From what serious disease
did Julius Caesar suffer?
9. If you took a dose, such as
of liquid medicine, would it be
properly classified as a Tor
tion"?
10. "I hold it true, whate'er
befall: I feet it when I, sorrow
most.! 'Tis better to have loved
and lost Than never to have
what?
Answers: 1. A "smock mar
xisjte". 2. Cuba. 3. Silversmith.
4. South. 5. Geat-ral Motors Cor
poration 6. To induce -Hie Brit
ish government to make peace
with Nazi Germany. 7. The Aeg
ean. 8. Epilepsy. 9. Nc'. Potion.
10. "loved at all." Tennyson.
.HARE WARE COSTLY
Taunton. England HT
Stanley Murrin's rabbits were
not born with silver spoons in
their 'mouths but they enjoyed
the nearest thing to it. A mu
seum curator said Tuesday, that
the old spoon Murrin used to
ladle out food to his rabbits was
one of two 17th Century silver
relics worth about $700.
MAIL TRIBtXHE
Only 12 Years
On the evening of Aug. 6, 1945, the 10 p.m. news
broadcast informed us of President Harry Truman's
announcement that the United States had dropped
an atomic bomb on Japan.
So well had the secret of atomic development been
kept that only those with a background of reading
"science fiction" were in any way able to absorb the
importance of the news, and to realize that a new
era in man's development had begun.
IT will have been 12 years next week since that
announcement.
In those 12 years, we have learned to "live with
the atom," and to think of it in everyday terms.
But 12 years in man's history is a mere blink of
an eye, and it is probable that never before have so
many changes come about in such a short time.
It is too easy to think of these changes chiefly
as military .the development of the atomic and
hydrogen weapons which are so fearful. But peaceful
uses for atomic energy have grown amazingly.
e a e
IT has caused a revolution in the treatment of cancer
and a number of other illnesses, as well as pro
viding startling new developments in diagnosis and
other phases of medicine.
It has caused a revolution In metalurgy and a
dozen other crafts and techniques.
It is paving the way for vast changes in agri
culture even creating new species of plants through
the use of radiation.
It has provided a new concept of power production,
where nuclear fuels will provide tremendous supplies
of electricity at relatively low cost. If controlled
hydrogen fusion can be developed, this potential will
be multiplied many times over.
e
THESE things are not pipe dreams they are actu
. alities of the present and of the immediate future.
And yet, because we all live from day to day and
from hour to hour, and get used to new things so
readily, it is difficult to remember when "the atom"
was a little-thought-of physical concept, instead of
an important facet of daily life. (
Yet that was only 12 years ago. We see no reason
to believe that the next 12 years won't bring other
changes, just as important and exciting as those of
the past 12 years. E.A.
Step Toward U.S.E.?
Except for a few years during the Napoleonic
empire, Europe has not been a true "community"
since the days of Charlemagne. This, too, was a
short-lived community, and in truth one would have
to go back to the Roman empire to find a Europe
which had, in any real sense, a community of interest.
This is one of the reasons that the development of
the "European Common Market" has special interest
and special significance. And it is possible that
Americans, across the wide Atlantic, have yet to
realize its tremendous potential importance.
IT is a dramatic development, as well as an im
A portant one. For who would have believed a few.
years ago that France and Germany would ever con
sent to tie their economic interests together?
And what is the European Common Market?
Six nations France, West Germany, Italy, the
Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg have agreed
that, a step at a time, the nationalistic impediments
to free trade will be lifted, and that those nation's
borders no longer will limit trade among them.
It has already been ratified by the West German
parliament and, rather to everyone's surprise, by the
French National Assembly. Ratification by the others
is expected to follow soon, and the first steps to
break down tariff and other trade barriers should
be placed in effect by the first of the year.
A UNITED STATES of Europe has long been a
dream and nothing but a dream. The common
market is no U.S.E., but it is a movement in the
direction of unity.
An analogy which comes to mind is that of the
articles of confederation, which bound together, but
very loosely, the 13 colonies of the United States of
America. There was little expectation in those days
that the independent colonies would ever become a
strong federal union.
Europe has been torn by big and little wars for
thousands of years. Some of them were the results
of religious differences; some of them were caused
by the ambitions of kings and princes; but many of
them were based on economic rivalries and jealousies.
Whole peoples are no longer as prone to go to war
over religion as they once were. Kings and princes
no longer are much of a factor, and even dictators
will think twice before starting a war with today's
weapons.
And if the common market can eliminate or
modify nationalism in economics, it will be a cause
for much hope.
I ANGUAGE, of course, remains a barrier. But it
is not as much of a barrier as Americans, most
of whom speak only one language, believe. There are
many multi-lingual countries Canada, Switzerland
and India come to mind immediately and language
is only as much of a barrier as men will let it be.
It is impossible to predict that the European Com
mon Market will be the forerunner of unification on
other levels military or political or cultural. But
it is possible to hope that it will be, and that the age
old dream of a United States of Europe someday will
come into being. E.A.
Wednesday. July 31. 1957
That's the way m awm Does things .' iVnei j occf .
i SH& PUNISHES THE T0f&CW I'
Matter of Fact by Joseph aw
HOPE ON ALGERIA
Paris The French govern
ment is now rather unhappily
re-examining its own policy in
Algeria. The final result wiU
only be known in September,
but the two possible outcomes
are already quite easily fore
seeable.
Either the
present re-ex-a
m i n a t i on
will be trans
formed into
the beginning
of a serious
attempt to
find an agreed
solution of the
Joseph aisod agonizing Al
gerian problem, or the meeting
of the United Nations Assembly
in September will produce a
blow-up inside the Western Al
liance almost on the scale of the
Suez crisis. The reasons for
these alternatives are simple in
deed. In brief, in anticipation of the
U.N. Assembly session, where
Algeria will be tha major item
on the agenda, the French have
been sounding out the American
and British governments on the
possibilities of securing their
support. The chief sounding-out
expedition was the trip to Wash
ington of the able permanent
under-Secretary of the French
Foreign Office, Louis Joxe.
Tn a series of long, frank and
- friendly conversations, Secre
tary of State John Foster Dulles
in effect told Joxe that the
United States very much wanted
to support France once again in
the U.N. but Dulles added firm
ly that France would have to
propose some kind of Algerian
solution that the United States
could honesUy endorse.
The best solution, Dulles in
sisted, would be one that Tunis
and Morocco would also agree
to endorse. This would mean
recognizing the aspiration of the
native Algerians," tying an at
least semi-independent reorgan
ized Algeria to Tunis and Moroc
co, and finally tying all three
countries to France.
Secretary Dulles did not in
sist, however, that the new
French proposals for Algeria
should have Tunisian and Mor-
Afiorney Named To
Represent Kidnaper
Pendleton (IP) Circuit Court
Judge William W. Wells Tues
day appointed William Hansen,
Pendleton attorney, to represent
a convicted kidnaper of an Ore
gon state policeman in 1953.
Leonard Ellsworth Miller, 30,
has filed a writ in Circuit Court
claiming errors were made in his
trial proceedings in November
of 1953.
Miller is serving a 25 year
sentence in the Oregon state
prison for holding at gunpoint
and kidnaping State Policeman
Lawrence Kezar, Oct. 23, 1953.
Oregon Centennial
Coin May Be Minted
Portland on The minting of
a special Oregon centennial coin
in 1959 and the issuing of a
special stamp to commemorate
Oregon's 100th anniversary will
be discussed in Washington next
month. Oregon Centennial Com
mission Chairman Anthony Bran
denthaler said here Tuesday.
Brandenthaler, of Baker, told
the commission he has appoint
ments to see Postmaster General
Arthur Summerfield and Secre
tary of the Treasury Robert An
derson late in August.
Accident Prevention
Award Presented Firm
A special accident prevention
award for 1956 has been award
ed John B. Robison of the R and
M Construction company. Cen
tral Point, by The Associated
General Contractors of America,
Inc.
Robison's firm was one of 34
to receive the award this year,
and one of ten to receive it for
two years, according to M. A.
Erland, president.
ocean backing. He only insisted
that the proposals must be seri
ous, in the sense of offering
some hope of producing event
ual peace.
Last year, he pointed out, the
United States had backed the
plan of former Prime Minister
Guy Mollet, for a ceasefire fol
lowed by free elections; but this
had proved delusive. Now an
other plan must be put forward,
with better chances of success
than the Mollet plan. And this
was all the more urgent, he add
ed, because the Algerian fight
ing was one of the major ob-
fstacles to the rather desperate,
post Suez-American effort to
bring reasonable stability to the
troubled Middle East.
9
rrwus far the British govern-
ment has taken a line parallel
to the Dulles line. On this mat
ter, London and Washington
seem to be acting in concert, for
once in a way. Thug it seems
likely that if France does not
put forward new Algerian pro
posals of a sufficiently hopeful
and constructive character,
France will not have the support
of either of the other major
Western allies at the U.N. meet
ing. If France goes into the U.N,
Assembly with the whole Afro-
Asian and Communist blocs
against her, and with no sup
port from the other great West
ern allies, the result must be
a truly appalling defeat.
The consequences are really
incalculable. For how will
France, for instance, respond to
a ringing U.N. condemnation?
Only one consequence, indeed,
can be calculated with real as
surance. The ensuing recrimina
tions inside the Western alliance
will be heard around the world.
Such being the future pros
pect of France does not put for
ward constructive Algerian pro
posals, the re-examination of the
Algerian problem that is being
conducted here assumes the
widest possible significance. But
as yet, it must be said, the re
examination has not produced
the kind of new proposals Wash
ington and London are devoutly
playing for.
Prime Minister Bourges Maun
oury is seeking to draft a law
giving the broad framework of
a new organization of Algeria,
Thus far, however, the frame
work law. does not comprise tne
minimum recognition of Algeria
as a national entity that could
conceive'ably satisfy the Tunis
ians, the Moroccans or the Al
gerian dissidents. Instead, the
most favored prosposal at pres-
Western Declaration
For Konrad Adenauer
'Campaign Document'
By CHARLES M. MeCANN
United Press Correspondent
The Big Three Western Allies
have given Chancellor Konrad
Adenauer a big boost in his cam
paign for the
West German
p arliamentary
election.
That seems
likely to be
the most im
portant result
of the declara
tion on Ger
m a n unity
which the
Britain, France
Charles McCana
United States,
and West Germany issued Mon
day.
The statement also gave Aden
auer personally further assur
ance that West Germany's inter
ests will not be sacrificed in the
attempt to reach a disarmament
agreement with Soviet Russia.
It would be unfair, perhaps, to
call the declaration a campaign
document. Nevertheless, it makes
a pretty good one.
Calls For Election
The declaration called on
Soviet Russia to agree to a free
all-German election to unify the
country.
It reaffirmed the right of a
united Germany to continue the
Civil Rights Bill Boils Down
To Voting Right Enforcement
By LYLE C. WILSON
United Press Correspondent
Washington OP) In its
simplest term, the wind-up civil
rights controversy now boiling
in the Senate
adds up to
this:
Shall the
federal gov
ernment b e
given perfec
ted machinery
by which to
compel south
ern states to
i
i.ri. c. wujob permit Ne
groes to register and to vote?
The Eisenhower administra
tion holds that the machinery
available by constitutional guar
antees and acts of Congress
since reconstruction days is in
effective. The 15th Amend
ement, which became part of the
Constitution in 1870, provides
that Congress shall have the
power to enforce by legislation
the amendment's prohibition
against the denial of the right to
vote bv the United States or by
any state for reasons of race,
color or previous condition of
servitude.
Reasons For Ineffectiveness
The enforcement machinery
created by Congress made the
denial of the right to vote a
criminal offense. The Eisen
hower administration holds that
this machinery has proved
faulty for these reasons:
Southern juries have re
fused or been reluctant to con.
vict their local officials on such
criminal charges.
Such criminal proceedings,
by their very nature, have had
to take place substantially after
the event that is, criminal ac
tion could no be obtained in time
to assure the vote to a qualified
wegro
The proposed change consists-
in essence of substituting
civil for criminal action in the
enforcement of the prohibition
stated in the 15th amendment.
Preventive Action Also
Not only that. Under the vot
ing right provision of the pend
ing civil rights bill, the attorney
general could begin civil pro
ceedings "whenever . . . there
are reasonable grounds to be
lieve that any person is about
to engage in any act or practice
which would deprive another
of the right to vote.
Moreover: Such proceedings
would be a civil action for pre
ventive relief which would dis
pense with a jury and leave
both verdict and the punishment
to the federal judge of the ap
propriate United States District
Court.
Atty. Gen. Herbert Brownell
Jr. insisted that the foregoing
is a moderation of existing
ent is to divide Algeria into
three provinces; to give each
province a measure of autonomy
and an elected provincial as
sembly: but to keep in French
hands effective control of Al-
ceria as a whole.
The American and British
governments have already let
it be known that this plan will
not command their active sup
port Strong forces are ceramly
at work within the French gov
ernment to secure much bolder
proposals. The Foreign Minister
Christian Pineau has even spon
sored discreet negotiations with
the Algerian rebel leaders.
If former Prime Minister Guy
Mollet (the real maker of the
Bourges Maunoury government)
swings over to the side of bold
action, this really may prove
the beginning of a serious search
for an agreed solution. But at
rjresent the betting is still
against.
(c) 1957, New York
Herald Tribune Inc.
membership in the North Atlatt
tic Treaty Organization which
West Germany now holds.
It further ruled out as impos
sible the Russian demand that
West Germany negotiate a uni
fication agreement with Com
munist East Germany.
One significant feature of the
declaration was that it was issued
in West Berlin instead of in
Bonn, the West German capital.
This emphasized the fact that
Berlin is Germany's real capital.
B Si K To Visit East
The decision to issue the uni
fication declaration at this time
undoubtedly was made partly
because R u s s ia n Communist
Leader Nikita S. Khrushchev
and Premier Nikolai A. Bulgan
in are to visit East Germany in
August.
Khrushchev and Bulganin are
sure to hit the unification issue
hard in their speeches during
this visit. They may be expected
to call again for direct negotia
tions between the two uerman
governments and to repeat that
West Germany's membership in
NATO is a bar to a unification
agreement.
The four-power declaration
seems to pull the rug out from
under this Soviet propaganda
line.
machinery because it would sub
stitute civil for criminal action.
It is a moderate bill," said
Brownell.
'It is not," the southerners
replied. They hold that the con
Today and
By Walter
THE PRESIDENT INVOLVED
The central issue in the Civil
Rights debate now is whether
the Federal government shall
have more or shall have less
power to se
cure and pro
tect the consti
tutional rights
of Negroes to
vote. The Els
en h o w e r ad
m i n istration,
having put
forward the
Brownell bill,
is asking Con
gress to authorize the Depart
ment of Justice to ask for in
junctions in the Federal court.
with no trial by jury in case
the injunctions are disobeyed.
The theory of the bill is that in
regions of the South where the
Negroes are a large proportion
of tlie citizens, white juries
the only juries there are will
not convict a white man who
prevents a qualified Negro from
voting. Therefore, if jury trials
are required, the Federal pow
er to protect the Negro voting
in the deep South wul be nul-i-fied.
The President is deeply in
volved in the substance of the
question. The question is not
merely whether he really fav
ors the bill his administration
has proposed, favors it practic
ally; that is to say, in the sense
that he will exert his influence
with the Republicans in Con
gress -to get it passed. He is
more deeply involved than that.
And he cannot fairly take refuge
in the theory he often, though
not always, invokes namely,
that it is the business of Con
gress alone to legislate. This
bill does not add to or sub
tract from the existing law of
the land on the right of citi
zens. It is primarily, indeed es
sentially, a grant of power to
the President and his Attorney
General, and therefore, Congress
is entitled to a full and reasoned
statement by the President as
to how he proposes to use this
new power. Congress is entitled
to a statement of policy, bucn
a statement would constitute
what is known in politics as
"leadership." ,
THERE is no use pretending
that the passage of the biU
as it now stands will be follow
ed by a general and automatic
action in all the Federal courts
of the South which will secure
the right to vote. What we must
expect is that there will be a
gradual enfranchisement of the
Negroes in more and more elec
tion districts, but with a hard
core of implacable resistance,
Where the resistance Is Im
placable to Negro voters, there
is almost certain to be implac
able resistance, by one device
or another, to Federal injunc
tions. This will mean that the
President and his Attorney Gen
eral will be faced not with the
sim Die task of enforcing the
law but with problems of policy
as to where, when, and how, to
use the power to enforce the
law.
There is no evidence, so far
as I know, that the President or
Mr. Brownell have ever pui
their minds on all this, or that
they have ever thought to dis
cuss the problem thoroughly
with the leaders of the various
factions in Congress. Yet lead
ership of this kind is greatly
needed if we are to avoid, or
at least to assauge, a struggle.
infected with violence, over en
forcement and nullification.
THOUGH I ' am very much in
favor of the biU as it now
stands, it seems to me self-evi
dent that whether tne diu lurna
out to be a good one, a bad one,
or iust a deception, will depend
on whether the President has a
policy for administering the bill
which he has persuaded the lib
eral South to accept. That is
why the President cannot sit
back, cannot deal with the is-'
f
Walter Llppmana
A
STEADFAST
PURPOSE
to serve every family accord
ing to their dictates, and
financial means, has made
possible the success of this
organization for more than
twenty-two years.
C M. Litwiller
Wedding Chapel
at any hour,
LITWILLER
Funeral
" Home
Mountain View Chapel
Hwy 66 at Normal
Office 88 N. Main
ASHLAND
We Never Close
stitutional right of southern
whites to a jury trial is being
flushed down the drain to
guarantee the constitutional
rights of southern Negroes to
vote.
Tomorrow
Lippmann
sues at arm's length and with
his finger-tips, and leave policy
to be worked out later on by
lawyers of the Department of
Justice under the pressure of
politicians.
The problem of Civil Rights
is the problem of guiding with
wisdom and magnanimity a
great change in the human and
social order of many parjs of
the Union. The change Is al
ready well under way. It is
gaining momentum. Federal
laws will not make or break
the change. Sen. EasUand can
not really stop the change and
Sen. Douglas cannot very much
hasten it. What the Federal
government can do is, in some
measure, to channel the change
and to control its pace.
rrHE great task of the Federal
government and particu
larly of the President and of the
Senate is among contending
factions to be the mediator and
the conciliator, seeking always
to insure the greatest possible
progress towards civil equality
which can be combined with
the greatest possible amount of
conrent.
That ought to be a congenial
task for President Eisenhower.
It is one which suits his temp
erament and fits his concepUon
of the presidency. But to per
form such a task, it would be
necessary to spend much time
and energy on the problem, and
to care about it seriously.
(C) 1957 New York Herald
Tribune Inc.
Editorial
Comment
NEW LEGISLATION WEEDED
The Medford Mail-Tribune
proposes reform of the county
government in Jackson county,
suggesting the establishment of
a five-member commission with
a paid executive officer or man
ager. The Eugene Register - Guard,
taking note of the M-T's pro
posal, recalls that such a plan,
was proposed three times in
Lane county, voted down twice,
and never even made the bal
lot the third time.
If memory serves correctly,
a similar plan was launched at
one time in Clackamas county,
but failed to get enough signa
tures to get on the ballot.
The need for modernization
and improvement of the multi
headed, archaic system of coun
ty government in Oregon has
long been felt by many people.
Legislation enabling counties
to vote in a county manager
system of government was en
acted in 1947, but in 10 years
no county has adopted the sys
tem. The closest a county ever
came was in Lane where, as the
R-G noted, it failed thrice.
This newspaper agrees with
the Medford and Eugene papers
that county government needs
modernization and strengthen
ing. But we haven't much ex
pectation of seeing a "county
manager program go into opera
tion in any Oregon county in the
near future.
The fact that no county has
adopted such a plan in 10 years w
makes it fairly evident that the
people in Oregon counties dis
trust such a plan.
Most counties, like Clatsop,
have been fortunate in having
dedicated county officers who
have been capable and willing '
to serve for low salaries, so that
good government has prevailed
despite the inefficiency of the
system.
County officials in virtvally
every county will oppose instinc
tively a county manager pro
gram, since they see it depriv
ing them of their power and
perhaps even of their jobs. They
constitute a potent opposition
to change. Astorian Budget.
Mrs. Litwiller
by appaointment
call MU 5-4541
"It is better to know us and not need us.
than to need us and not know us."
ive