TEN MEDFORD (OREGON) MAIL TRIBUNE
Thunday. July J5. 1SST
Balsam Woolly Aphid Gets Study
InOSC Forest Service Project
Corvallij The balsam wool
ly aphid, a tiny European insect
that is threatening the true fir
iorests ol Oregon and Washing
ton, is under study at Oregon
State college in a cooperative re
search project with the U.S. for
est service Pacific Northwest
forest and range experiment sta
tion, Portland.
The aphid is now in epidemic
itage in Pacific silver fir and
subalpine firs in western Ore
gon and Washington. Some 356,
000 acres of trees were infested
in 1956, according to forest serv
ice estimates.
The true firs include silver,
subalpine, grand, noble, white,
Shasta red fir, and others, but
not Douglas fir. Noble and Shas
ta red fir are least affected and
appear to have some degree of
resistance to the aphids.
The OSC research will be fi
nanced by a $5,860 grant from
the Pacific Northwest forest and
range experiment station. It will
support work by Russell Mit
chell, graduate student, who
will work under the direction of
Dr. J. A. Rudinsky, forest ento
mologist. Entomologists from the Pa
cific Northwest forest and range
Experiment station also will
rve as advisers on the project
yitchell is on the forest service
ation staff in Portland this
:t'mer and is assigned to the
aphid problem.
Although the aphid is tiny
Oily about l24th of an inch
loe the control problem is
extremely complex, Rudinsky
o one way has been found to
ring the aphid under complete
ftgitrol in any of the other areas
turope, Canada, and eastern
V9 where it has been found
endier. Chemical control is
Xtd only for small, localized
intonations, including nurseries.
EOS and difficulties in applica
nt, combined with limited ef
Xtttiveness, make it largely im
J;rtical for field control.
V of predators or insects
lit feed upon the aphids has
fct tried with reasonable Sue
em in other areas and will be
under the cooperative for
ts rvlce OSC research. A
i linen t of about 10,000 pre
fious insects has been given
t t!s forest service by Canadian
kils for the tests. The preda
ccs insects are not harmful
i ay way and have a "taste"
onl for the aphids, Rudinsky
no's.
9lm predator insects were
bfCSrftnt to Canada from Europe,
lwe the aphids have been a
pr)fcm for decades. No native
prrtvtors have been found in
Canada. Checks will be made
as fjrt of the study to determine
hther there are any "feeders"
on the aphid in this region.
SV i Control
T help control the infesta
tion such drastic measures as
cuttir and burning have been
recommended in some parts of
5 rope and in northwestern
United States.
$!vage logging is underway
in the Northwest, Rudinsky
ncalh the bark surface. Salivary
injections at the feeding points
affect the cell walls and produce
swellings or "gouts" that inhibit
bi.6 rowth and eventually kill
the tree, he said.
cHbl to Beetl
Firs seriously weakened by
Ih aphid Become susceptible to
noted, but care must be taken
to see that these operations do
not help spread the aphids to
healthy areas. Salvaging dead
trees killed by the aphids holds
no danger, since the insects died
with the trees.
The aphid feeds on the tree
with a sucking tube, which may
be several times as long as its
body. It inserts the tube into the
living tissue immediately be-
tfwv lb
GRIEF-STRICKEN Mrs.
Marie Ficalora (right) is
comforted by a cousin mo
ments after she was in
formed at Oyster Bay, N. Y.,
that her son, Salvatore, 11,
had drowned.
Pollsters Advised
To Check Subjects
Chicago IW A University of
Illinois research economist , has
suggested that public opinion
pollsters check their subjects to
see if they know what a ques
tion is all about in addition to
having an opinion on it.
Prof. Robert Ferber said that
public opinion polls can go all
wrong by using the answers of
persons who are uninformed on
the question they are asked.
Ferber analyzed a study of
opinion polls in a article pub
lished in the Journal of the
American Statistical association.
He found that persons who are
asked a question they know
nothing about dislike to admit
their ignorance and reply hap
hazardly. He discovered that
when they give an uninformed
answer, they divide about equal
ly on a question with two alter
native replies.
Ferber also found a high cor
respondence between self-interest
and knowledge on a given
question. He said laborers tend
ed to know more about the mini
mum wage, and the higher in
come groups were better in
formed on government bond
yields.
Hot Rod Club Formed
To Promote Safety
Rapid City. S.D. ilfl A hod
rod club has been formed here
to promote hot rod activity,
"good fellowship and sportsman
ship." "good government" and
"highway safety."
Articles of incorporation for
Rapid Shifters Inc., were filed
with the secretary of state in
Pierre
The organization will have no
capital stock and will be non
profit. It will also conduct races,
time trials, demonstrations and
safety programs.
Highway Funds
Claimed Diverted
Boston npi The Automobile
Legal Association estimates that
130.000 miles of new highways
could have been built with
highway funds diverted to other
purposes in the United states
since 1934.
Approximately $4 billion, ori
ginally earmarked for highway
projects, has been diverted for
such purposes as mosquito con
trol, oyster propagation, un
employment relief, and the
like, the ALA said.
'In this manner, the year
1956 alone saw this country lose
5,150 miles of new highways,"
the ALA elaborated. "New Jer
sey, an by itself, lost mues
last year by diverting highway
funds."
The Oklahoma Turnpike, the
New York Thruway and the
Florida Sunshine (State Parkway
all toll facilities could have
been financed with highway
funds which those states divert
ed, said the ALA.
Twenty-seven states have
amended their constitutions to
specify that highway-use taxes
must be spent for highway pur
poses only. But the other 21
states have no anti-diversion
amendments.
These states are Rhode Island,
Connecticut, Vermont, New
York, New Jersey, Delaware,
Maryland, Virginia, North Caro
lina, South Carolina, Tennessee,
Florida, Mississippi, Arkansas, '
Oklahoma, Nebraska, Utah, Wis
consin, Illinois, Indiana and New
Mexico.
"In fairness to a few of these
states Connecticut for example
it is to the credit of the state
legislature that the highway
fund has been used for its in
tended purpose. . ." said the.
ALA.
Westerners
are sweet on
Spreckels
Granulated
Sugar...
1
e
s
1
1
1
I
6
e
1
a
I
I
9
...'cause it looks so pretty
in the brand-new, bright- S
new Spreckels Sugar 8
bag I And it's extra-thrifty B
in the'2, 5, 10 and 25- S
pound bags I V
m m ? m m m jm jm.
their bark beetle enemies also.
The "woolly" part of the name
comes from the fact that eggs
and adults are covered by a
woolly material that can be
seen on the bark. The insect
overwinters as a tiny larva with
its mouthparts or tube inserted
into the bark of the tree. Early
in the spring, it begins to feed
and its development starts. Ad
ults are formed in warm tem
peratures of April or May.
The aphids are spread mainly
by wind during the crawler
stage of development and also
by birds and other animals.
' 3
CRASHING INTO CORNFIELD, 150 yards from tracks,
these two cars of crack Cote DAzur Express are among
seven which jumped tracks, killing 17 persons and in
juring more than 100 passengers, in France. (International)
Doctor Finds Method Of Measuring Kidney
Chicago B A Howard
University professor says he was
found a new method to measure
dimensional changes of the kid
ney. Sheridan Perry, assistant pro
fessor of physiology at Howard,
told the Federation of American
Societies for Experimental Biol
ogy that the new method makes
use of small c-shaped" caliper
like devices which include a
strain gauge.
Perry said the device trans
forms the dimensional changes
of the kidney into electrical im
pulses which are fed to electronic
amplifiers and are recorded
graphically.
Perry said the exDerimpnt arp
designed to gain more knowledge
Kianev mnnri rnrpn at nn
which is generally considered im
portant in regulation of over
all blood presure. '"
The National Hearf Institute
has been supporting Perry's re
search intu the problem.
Detroit (Tf) There wag
hospital for cats and dogs in De
troit before one was build for
people. Patterson's Dog and Cat
hospital was established in 1844,
the year before the Good Sisters
of Charity set up St. Mary' Hos
pital Detroit's first.
c.' rov
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