TWELVE MEDFOHD (OP.ECOK) MAIL THIBtJJE
Thursday. June . 1957
Ku KIux Klan Re-Emerges in Desegregation Era as Piecemeal Body With Power Lacking
Hi!., r'. N.n: the h .1 Klin K la
r'-.r.r I'vmni as a poucrfi'l fr.rr of
rri.ijfi-in in the ouih" lh I m'rj
l'r-.s m.iflr a urv of ( in
t" 'niichfHit ih StniJh phi intrinn
w.:h Klan l-adrt fur lint ditpatrh.
By JAMES RUSSELL
United Pitt Correspondent
Atlanta T're Ku Mux
K!an. which has ra..fd i"s hood
ed hrnd periodically in the
South since the days of Civil
Wa reconstnir.-Uon, h;is re-emer-r-d
Ui the dscsreiiatirin
as a jjiei.-cii.eal body of feud
ing v. izarris arid klcagles.
T!"i power it once enjoyed has
Innz ani.-hed. The caliber of its
Ie;.dr-.h;p has greatly diminish
ed. Only in isolated pockets does
tr 13.")7 version of the hooded
order hold any real strength.
for the express purpose of de
flating the klan do so at every
t-irn. Eight southern states have
laws that prohibit the wearing
of masks on public property ex
rept during celebrations such as
Haioween. Some states forbid
cross burnings on public prop
erty. Klan Bounces Back
Louisiana routed the klan
years azo with a law requiring
public filing of membership lists
'out it bounced back in limited
form last year. Georgia revoked
the klan charter 10 years ago
for engaging iii unlawful activi
ties but a new klan. professing
to be law-abiding, is now chart
ered in the state.
Klansmen still wiar white
rtat and local lawi enacted robes, hoods and sometimes
masfis. just as they did after the
Civil War when a terrorist cam
paign was directed by Confeder
ate Gen. Nathan Bedford For
rest against the carpetbaggers.
But the sheeted night riders of
the 19th ceiitury have given
way to ceremonious marchers
who mass at pre-arranged meet
ing places on private property
and often invite people to come
see the show.
Only Small Groups
There is no cohesive south
wide or nationwide klan organi
zation today. Terrorism on a
widespread basis dissolved with
the conviction in 1352 ajid 1953
of more than 100 klansmen on
charges arising from floggings
and kidnapings in the Carolina
i border country.
An occasional case of brulali
I ty in the South is blamed on the
j KKK, but the public views the
I order more with curiosity and
j amusement than with fear and
, apprehension.
I Leaders of the modern klan
I direct their acid remarks as
j much at one another as they
i do at integrationists. Commu
nists and religious minorities.
To join the klan you must
j ki addition to taking a number
of oaths pay a membership
fee of S5 to S10. depending on
i which group you pick. There
iare possibly a dozen ''klans" in
i the South.
Bill Hendrix of Florida and E
I L. Edward of Georgia are pos
Isibly the best known klansmen.
Neither recognizes the other as
a genuine leader and Hendrix,
who successively has been a
grand dragon, imperial emperor
and imperial officer in one or
more klans, called Edwards a
Johnny-come-lately.
Freedom and Liberty
"Today, the klan is lighting
for individual freedom and lib-
i erty, Hendrix maintains. "If
any Catholic can take our oath
we will take hirn into the klan."
A few years ago Hendrix. a
carpenter and construction
worker, invited Negroes into his
klan provided they were strict
segregationists, b-ut apparently
rone evei joined. He resigned
from the order after a 1951 fed
eral conviction for sending de
famatory material through the
mail but the Supreme Court ban
on segregated schools brought
him back.
The group headed by Edwards,
an Atlanta auto paint sprayer,
claims nationwide representation
and restricts its membership to
"Protestant Christian Aryans."
It staged the biggest KKK rally
of recent years at Stone Moun
tain near Atlanta last year.
The keystone of klan strength
is in the South's most cosmopoli
tan state Florida. In the north
ern and central "cracker" coun
ties, klan rallies are held fre-1 estimates, however, indicated to
quently by members of three ! fal combined membership docs
separate organizations. The best 'not number more than 5.000.
r,
it
1
i
i
is
11
HfADING FOR HOME PORT The Matson Lines' newest
passenger ship, the SS Matsonia, flies dress flags as sh
.queezes through the lower level of Pedro Miguel Locks
of the Panama CanaL She's on her way to Los Angelei
and San Francisco to prepare for her maiden voyage to
Hawaii June 11. Aboard the 26.000-ton liner on inaugural
cruise from New York to the West Coast are 760
passengers.
Quotes From the News
By UNITED PRESS
London Evening Standard critic Famsden Grieg on Soviet
party hoss Khrushchev's television interview:
"Nikita Sergevevitch Khrushchev is a sort of Yul Brvnner
of USSR."
New York Dr. Herbert Berger, chairman of the New York
state Medical Society' committee on narcotics and alcohol
addiction, charging before the American Medical association
that athletes may have used stimulant drugs to help them run
four-minute miles:
"The recent rash of four-minute miles is no coincidence.
hen I was a college boy the four-minute mile was as unlikely
as lying to the moon."
New York Don Bowden, th nation's first sub-four-minute
iHler. on a charge that the recent flurry of four-minute miles
was due to the use of stimulant drugs:
"The coaches and athletes I know have too much integrity
0 fb UN drugs."
Boston Defense Secretary Charles E. Wilson, on the rise
&i Communism:
"Due to our International policies and our strong defense
Jkere is reason to believe that the rise of Communism has
reached and passed its peak in spite of Mr. Soviet party boss
(gikita S. Khrushchev's recent forecast."
Aiheville. !. C. Vice President Richard M. Nixon, urging
mhite and Negro leaders In the South to remove the causes
p racial prejudice:
"It may take decades V achieve equality of opportunity
for your Negro cititens if we rely on law alone. And that type
Cf struggle in ttirn could leave a legacy of bitterness which
would poison our nation and hurt our prestige abroad."
New York Evangelist Billy Graham on racial prejudice:
"Man looks on the outward appearance of his fellow man,
God on the Inside. We are made of one blood all the nations
of us. Jesus had none of the bigotries that we have. I fear that
there is bigotry even in some of our churches today."
Washington President Eisenehower, on a suggestion that
the time might be ripe for a realignment of the major political
parties:
' I am busy. I am working hard. I haven't any time for such
stuff as that."
Warsaw Polish Communist Party bi Wladyslaw Ge
mulka.. criticizing the United States for delays in granting aid
to Poland:
"Even though the credit is rather modest with regard to our
needs, it can. to a certain degree, alleviate our present economic
difficulties."
San Francisco Alan C Mcintosh, president of western
newspaper representatives, on weekly newspapers:
"The weekly newspaper is the last frontier of personal
journalism here in the United States."
4
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PRINKING
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