F
O
Monday. February 25. 1957
MEDFORD (OREGON) MAIL TRIBUNE SEVEN
Correspondent's Book
By A. ROBERT SMITH
Mail Tribune Correspondent
o Citadel: The Story of the U.S.
Senate
By William S. White
(Harper & Bros.)
Most books devoted to the life
and mechanics of Congress can
be divide roughly into two cate
gories those that purport to
give the inside dope on which
congressmen are in what lobby
ist's pocket and which senators
spend more tirr.e at cocktail par
ties thafc at committee hearings
and those books which essential
ly are texts on the American po
litical system, suitable chiefly
O for students of the subject.
Citadel, whose author is chief
congressional correspondent of
the New York Times, is neither
of toese types. It is a grandly
sweeping story which succeeds
in portraying the power of the
Senate as an institution in Amer
can life today probably better
than it has ever been presented
before.
The Senate, as White analyzes
it. is not just the upper cham-
3 her of "the bicameral legislative
branch of the government. It has
assumed through constitutional
powers and certain perquisites
the authority of a separate
branch, in some aspects dominat
ing even the other two princi
pal branches, the presidency and
the courts, through its power to
impeach, to reject presidential
appointments aid to ratify trea-
' ties.
The Family Council
Editor'! no: The Family Council consist! of a Judte. a psychiatrist,
three clergymen, a newspaper editor, a women's editor and two writers Each
article Is a summary of an actual report. The Family Council does not eive
advice: it merely reports on problems that have been dealt with by responsible
agencies and counselors.
Mri. L. M. My sister and her
children belong together.
Mri. M. D. I want to do
what's right.
Loretta D. We all want to be
independent.
Mrs. L. M. I am very much
upset about my sister, who is a
widow in her 60s.'Mathilda has
three very ungrateful grefwn
children two girls and a boy.
They are unmried, yet they
have left her all alone.
The youngest, my nephew,
was in the service when his
father died. He came home.
stayed a few weeks, and then
went to another city to college
although he could have gone
to a college near home. Then one
of his sisters took a job over-
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Such an analysis helps greatly
to explain the independence of
Senate leaders from domination
by their party's president such
as the outspoken behavior today
of Senator Knowland. the Re
publican leader in the Senate
who so often differs with the
President on foreign policy.
Knowland, like many before
him, is not the captain of the
president's team in the Senate;
he is the chosen leader of the
Republican members of the Sen
ate, who are a group unto
themselves.
View Adds Value
Mr. White explains such cur
rent topics as why senators, like
Kefauver, who live to, become
president, have such a tough
time making it; and the atmos
phere of the inner club, whose
members are the typical and
most powerful senators. And
through much of the book, he
reveals himself to be having
quite a love affair with the insti
tution he is describing. Lest the
reader think this is coloring his
judgment, let it be recorded that
this, in the end, gives his book
its impact and greatest value.
For while he believes the Sen
ate to be the "one touch of au
thentic genius in the American
political system" which "very
often reflects the best instincts.
and very infrequently the worst
instincts with which the Anglo
American race (and all its valued
assimilated members now merg-
seas and plans to stay two years.
Now the other girl, Loretta,
says she wants to have her own
apartment with a friend.
My sister talks blithely about
going to live in a hotel. She
says she wants to take courses
and be a "free woman." She also I
has a full-time job. I tell her
all this is nonsense. Her business
is1 to stay home .and keep house
for her children, and as long as
they are unmarried, their place
is with her.
Mrs. M. D. I am really very
confused. I want to do what is
right, but my children are adults
and I feel they have a right to
do as they please. I don't want
to hold them back.
The fact is that I like the feel
ing of having no responsibility
about a home. I would enjoy
living in a hotel or boarding out.
My children write to me regu
larly and I feel I can count on
them if I need them. '
Loretta D. My mother has
listened to my aunt all her life
and hardly knows her own mind
any more. My aunt has made my
mother feel both guilty about
"leaving" us and rejected by us.
The fact is that we all like
to lead independent live. Mother j
has never been a homebody and i
the truth is I've kept house for
hef and I'm a little tired of it. .
We love our mother, but feel we
are all better off doing different j
things. I
Th. Council: Mrs. T. M evi
dently feels it is her personal
responsioimy to uphold the
order of the universe. She has
not yet discovered that the order
of the universe does not deter
mine anv set Darterns fnr hu
man behavior.
From all accounts, nohoriv in
this atiult familv is comnlainint
The mother does not feel desert
ed by her children and the grown
cniiaren do not feel deserted by
their mother. This mother says
she would enjoy freedom from
responsibility. She is not morally
bound to "keep house for her
children" when they are grown
and neither she nor they desire
such a setup. Neither are the
children morally bound to stay
with their mother as long as
she is as well able to take care
of herself as she appears to be.
Only Mrs. L. M.'s rigid idea of
what ought to be is upsetting
this family. This mother evi
dently has no reason to feel
either guilty or rejected. She
should recognize that she has
evolved a happy, if some
what unconventional relation
ship with her children and
should reject her sister's ill
founded moralizing.
(Copyright. 1957.
General Feature Corp.)
Man Reports Girl
Was Attacked Friday
Portland (U.R) Vearl Lee
Collins, 23, Mulino, told Port
land police Saturday that he was
robbed Friday night and his girl
friend criminally attacked by a
masked man who hid in the
back seat of his car.
Collins, an employee at the
Bremerton, Wash., navy yard,
said he was visiting the girl at
the home of an older sister tn
North Portland.
About 2 a.m. Saturday he re
ported, he and the girl went to
a Northwest Union avenue res
taurant and when they returned
to the car a masked man emerged
from the back seat and ordered
Collins to drive to a secluded
spot where Collins was robbed
of the $15 in his billfold and the
Succeeds In
ed altogether in the agreeably
quarrelsome unity that enriches
us all) has endowed the world."
he also is fearful the Senate is
cracking the very foundation
upon which it stands. This is
happening through its abuse of
its power to investigate, and Its
abuse of the immunity from
libel or slander which the con
stitution affords its members.
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Portraying
Acknowledging that witnesses
have repeatedly abused the sanc
tity of the fifth amendment,
White argues that the Senate has
been guilty of the most "persist
ent extra-constitutional usurpa
tions of power" through its
abuse of the fifth amendment,
which, as he points out, de
clares: "No person shall be held
to answer for a capital or other
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Power of Senate
wise infamous crime unless on a
presentment or indictment of a
grand jury.
The Kefauver "crime hear
ings" of 1951 illustrate White's
point that this type of investiga
tion is a parody of good grand
jury procedure and represents
the Senate intervening where it
has no business going into lo
cal places about local crime.
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"The Senate simply has no
right to indict men outside its
rank or at most outside the gov
ernment. It has eyery' right to
indict issues policies, systems,
executive departments," he ar
gues. He concludes by indicting
liberals and conservatives for
failing to lift their voices in pro
test against this abuse. He adds:
"Worst of all is the shame of
getting' all
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the Senate itself, as a guardian
o? the great constitutional tradi
tions, in condoning - what it
knows is not right."
This is a perceptive and pro-
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vocative book, the more so now
that the Senate has begun an in
vestigation of the tieups be
tween racketeers and labor officials.
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19-year-old girl was attacked.