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Flight o' Time.
Medford and Jackson County
History from the files of The
MJh Tribune 10, 20, 30, 40
and 50 years ago.
10 YEARS AGO
Sept. 13. 1946-
Meat industry spokesmen say
today that there is almost no
black market because "there's
not enough meat to start one."
From Arthur Perry's Ye
Smudge Pot column: Some far
mers report they are now on a
winter sleep schedule and lay
In bed right through till 5 a.m.
20 YEARS AGO
Sept. 13. 1936
The first snow of the autumn
season falls Saturday in Crater
Lake national park, whitening
the ground and giving promise
of further precipitation over the
week end.
Sale of two orchards and two
residences is reported yesterday
be Clinton Spencer, manager of
the real estate department of
Brown and White.
30 YEARS AGO
S.pt. 13. 1926
Tomorrow is entry day at the
county fair for everything ex
cept flowers and cooked foods.
In order to give the people of
Jackson county an opportunity
to subscribe for this paper at a
bargain price to celebrate the
opening of the Jackson county
fair and the first air mail flight
through Medford. the Mail Trib
une will make a special bargain
day price for Wednesday, Sept.
15. for $5 per year, cash in ad
vance. 40 YEARS AGO
Sept. 13. 1916
The people of Medford will
have an opportunity to hear Ex
Governor Oswald West flay the
"nursing mother's bill," next
Thursday.
The school board met last
night and elected teachers for
the coming year.
50 YEARS AGO
Sept. 13. 1906
A meeting was held in the
Commercial club last night for
mulating arrangements for the
big shoot which is to be held in
Medford. Sept. 21-22.
A large crowd attended the
zone social given by the Epworth
league last night.
What's the Answer?
Can Too Get 4 of the 7?
Copr. IMS Editorial Research
Report
1. Vice President Nixon stud
ied law in California. North
Carolina. Washington. D C, Mas
sachusetts, or Illinois?
2. Not one of President Eisen
hower's vetoes has been over
ridden by Congress since he took
office: right or wrong?
3. Which large insurance com
pany advertises that is has the
strength of Gibraltar?
4. Former British prime min
ister Winston Churchill is or
isn't a lawyer by profession?
5. In what game is the term
"bonevard" used?
6 The present leader of Tam
maiiv Hall is of Irish. Jewish.
Greek. Italian, or early Ameri
can extraction?
7. Secretary of State Dulles
does or doesn't belong to the
same religious denomination as
President Eisenhower?
The Answers: 1. North Car
olina (Duke university.) 2. Right.
3. The Prudential. 4. Isn't.
5. Dominoes. 6. Carmine De
Sapio is of Italian extraction.
7. Does (Presbyterian.)
tf$fil 'newspaper
. iSJASSOCIATION'
MAIL TRIBUNE
Lehman Will
The Senate will miss Herbert H. Lehman. And he
will miss the Senate where he fought the courageous
fight for so many good causes. He is in good health
and not tired of the fight; but he feels that at 78 he is
not free to commit himself for six more years. He is
making way for a younger man.
American politics has evolved two folk heroes: the
Lincoln-log cabin type, and the man who gives up the
accumulation of wealth for public service. It is said
that Herbert Lehman was worth $25,000,000 in 1928
when he promised Al Smith to fight Tammany Hall
for the S10,000-a-year lieutenant-governorship of New
York. He fought the machine for a second term at the
request of Franklin D. Roosevelt, and then served
four effective terms as Governor of New York. His
next logical step was to the Senate. And such was his
reputation that in his last campaign the desperately
bitter tactics of John Foster Dulles just made more
votes for him.
'T'HESE, however, were not his first public services'.
At the age of 21 he founded a boys' club to combat
delinquency. He campaigned twice for Woodrow Wil
son. He served under Roosevelt in the Navy Depart
ment in World War I. He campaigned also for Al
Smith. And all this while he was active in Lehman
Bros, and a dozen corporations. During the depres
sion, which deeply affected him, he gave $1,000,000
to save the stockholders of a bank from loss, but he
did it quietly as a matter of principle, of absolute
integrity.
INTEGRITY and compasion and indignation,
too marked his career in the Senate. Having di
rected relief abroad from 1942 to 1946, he advocated
foreign aid as the best weapon against Communism.
He fought for equal rights, social benefits and fair
play at home. He opposed such grabs as the tidelands
give-away and the natural gas bill. When he and Sen
ator Kefauver voted against the Mundt-Nixon
thought-control bill, the act
ing hostility to the spirit represented by men like
Velde," Jenner and McCarthy. The wild man from
Wisconsin made Herbert Lehman one of his chief
targets. But Lehman was not intimidated.
Men like Herbert Lehman keep the nation s con
science sharp. They do not
do not carry on only in legislative chambers. W here
they encounter injustice they also find a platform. So
the United States will continue to hear from Herbert
Lehman. St. Louis Post -
Statesmen vs. Politicians
We can imagine few things more foolish polit
ically than to send a representative of Oregon to the
congress senate or house who would refuse to vote
for legislation in which he
not at the time be popular at home.
Such action would not represent true represent
ative government but a silly
government, or perhaps more accurately a politician s
as contracted with a STATEMAN'S, government.
TOR the cornerstone of EFFECTIVE representative
government is the freedom of individual the rep
representative to study the legislation proposed and
to vote for what he believes, regardless of pressures
pro and con, is right and what is wrong, from the
standpoint of what is best for the people all the
people of his state AND nation.
If he is to be guided not by the results of his study
and his own honest conclusions and convictions, but
only by what he guesses would make him votes among
his constituents, then he might as well go home, keep
his ear to the ground and have some stooge do the
chores for him back in Washington after being, of
course, wired for sound !
"THERE is a practical side to this issue also an is-
sue which the McKay forces are stressing in an ef
fort to defeat Senator Morse for reelection.
Just how is a senator going to determine what his
constituents or a majority of them WANT on any
special measure at any particular time?
He can't conduct a referendum.
He can study the responses from home, of course,
but how can he determine which are bona-fide and
which are bogus ; which are an indication of real pop
ular feeling and which are merely the result of self
interested pressure-groups?
The answer is he CAN'T, he can only GUESS.
For as everyone knows, public opinion is subject
to change. What legislation is unpopular today may
be popular tomorrow and vice versa.
In short we can imagine few things more frus
trating for a senator and more unsatisfactory to the
voters he represents than the type of representative
government the McKay forces advocate, namely: to
put politics above principle instead of the other way
around, and yield one's independent judgment to the
fear that the voters back home MAY not agree.
This would result in a political situation about as
satisfactory as the chameleon on a Scotch plaid, or a
kitten chasing its own tail !
THIS does not mean, of course, that a representative
in either the Upper or
give the closest attention to ALL communications
from his constituents, on all issues at all times, and
do his best to faithfully represent them; but it does
mean that when after careful study and conscientious
consideration he becomes convinced that a certain
proposal is desirable from
fare of his state and nation, then it is his duty, as a
representative of those who haven't the time or the
opportunity to make a similar study in other words
Thursday. September 13. 19S8
Be Missed
was typical of his unend
know despair. And they
Dispatch.
believed, for fear it might
sort of Charley McCarthy
Lower House should not
the standpoint of the wel
Today and
By Walter
THE EISENHOWER TRUCE
President Eisenhower's fame
as a peace-maker wa won in
the Far East. When he took of
fice in 1953,
there was war
w i t h R e d
China on three
fronts in
Korea, where
the South Kor
e a n s and
A m e r icans
were engaged,
fn Indo-China
where the Vie
Wilier Lippmann
tnamese and the French were
engaged, in the Formosa Strait
where the Chinese Nationalists,
armed and financed and protect
ed by the United States, were
engaged. In Korea and Indo
China hostilities have ended in
a formal armistice; in the For
mosa Strait there is a de facto
armistice. There has b'een no
peace settlement on any of these
fronts. But Red China and
United States are now living in
a state of armed co-existence.
The truce rests on a series of
compromises. In principle
neither side has renounced its
aims; in fact, each is standing
still at the line on each front
where to push ahead would
mean a very big war. Thus, Red
China has not renounced its
grand objective, which is to oust
the Western powers from the
mainland of eastern Asia and
the adjacent islands, such as
Japan and Formosa. But Red
China is willing to wait, having
secured her control of the pup
pet buffer state of North Korea
and North Vietnam, having been
assured also that Chiang will
be contained in Formosa.
The United States has not re
nounced its aim for the unifica
tion of Korea and of Vietnam
under anti-Communist govern
ments, and in theory the United
States still regards Chiang's gov
ernment in Formosa as the legit
imate government of ail of
China. But knowing that these
aims cannot now be achieved
without a great was in the Far
East, President Eisenhower has
accepted a truce which parti
tions both Korea and Vietnam,
and in fact confines Chiang to
Formosa and a few off-shore is
lands. both Red China and the
United States this is a truce
without victory. Neither has
gained its professed political
and strategical objective. Each,
however, is left holding the
strategic position which it re
gards as vitally important.
Because of the southern part
of Korea is vital to the demense
of Japan, we fought the Korean
war to defend it. It remains with
in our orbit. Northern Korea
has been the gateway for the
invasion of China. When Gen.
MacArthur marched to the
frontier of Manchuria, Red
China intervented in the Korean
war. North Korea remained
within the Red Chinese orbit.
Red China has not obtained
Formosa, which is her objective.
But President Eisenhower has
tied up Gen. Chiang Kai-shek.
On the basic understanding that
Ked Lhina will not invade For
mosa and that the Chinese Na
tionalists, backed by the United
States, will not invade the
Chinese mainland, President
Eisenhower achieved a truce in
the Formosa Strait. In Indo
China, the northern provinces
of Vietnam, which all through
history have been a Chinese
national interest, and of south
east -Asia has been kept out of
the Chinese orbit.
rpHERE is only one aspect of
this whole operation, I be
lieve, of which it can truly be
said that President Eisenhower
made a special and personal con
tribution. It is that he has made
these compromises not only ac
ceptable But even popular in
his own party, with the very
powerful faction that is best
represented by Sen. Knowland.
I doubt if anyone else could have
made them accept a policy which
concedes so much which con-
cedes the neutralization of Dr.
Syngman Rhee, the neutraliza
tion of Chiang Kai-shek, and in
fact, though not in theory, which
acknowledges that Red China is
a great power in the Far East
with whom it is necessary to co
exist peaceably.
My own view is that by 1952
the United States had become
over-extended in its commit
ments in Asia, and that the vital
interests of this country called
for political retrenchment. This
is always a hard thing to do. In
his constituents to stick to his guns and his convic
tions, letting the chips and the protests and the brick
bats fall where they may.
DEPRESENTATIVE government does not mean
"rubber stamp" government, or "pressure-group"
government or ear-to-the-crowd government, and we
don't believe the people of Oregon want that sort of
representation.
Proper representative government means sending
to Washington not men who are worrying all the time
about what may be popular but what is in their judg
ment RIGHT, men with the vision and courage to
act on the justified assumption that what is right,
from the standpoint of the public welfare of state
and nation will when EVENTUALLY understood, be
popular. R.W.R.
Tomorrow
Lippmann
1952, because the war faction
was primarily Republican, it
needed a Republican President
and one with Gen. Eisenhower's
military reputation, to make the
concession which made possible
the truce with Red China.
-
IVTHAT bearing does all .this
' ' have on the future, which is
to begin next January? I would
say that it belongs to the past,
that it marks the closing of a
chapter. During the past three
years great changes have oc
curred, the death and degrada
tion of Stalin, the emergence of
Soviet Russia as a world econom
ic power, the epoch-making
nuclear stalemate which was
acknowledged at Geneva, and
the deep commitment of Red
China to its own industrial and
economic development.
The order of the day has be
come competitive co-existence
without war, and the truce
which has been effected in
Korea. Formosa and Vietnam
has brought the new order of
things to the Far East.
The making of that truce was
not a glorious feat, though it was
a necessary and, therefore, a
highly creditable work. But it
throws no light whatsoever on
how we are to live in the new
order of things, and what are to
be our policies.
For it is one thing to wind up
What" is passing and. another to
prepare for what is coming.
1956 New York Herald
Tribune Inc.
In The Day's
As this is written, the Oregon
state board of education and the
Oregon state board of higher ed
ucation are holding their annual
joint meeting in Salem. In the
discussions, there have been
three highlights:
1. The boards agreed to spon
sor legislation to make it eas
ier for Oregon communities to
operate junior colleges.
2. They heard reports that the
teacher shortage could remain
severe for at least the next five
years and that it is becoming
harder to get teachers from oth
er states. The state's colleges,
the reports added, are now
training only half enough teach
ers to supply the demand.
3. Chancellor Richards of the
Oregon system of higher edu
cation reported that administrat
ors of state schools are studying
whether those institutions should
adopt requirements that would
KEEP OUT STUDENTS WHO
CAN'T DO COLLEGE WORK.
He said Oregon fiigh schools
have been warned that such re
strictions might go into effect
a year from now.
LET'S discuss these proposals
in the order in which they
were presented. The junior col
lege system is an adaptation to
higher education of the junior
high school system, which is al
ready rather widespread in Ore
gon. It takes in the last two
years of high school and the first
two years of college just as the
junior high school system takes
in the last two years of the
grades and the first two years
of high school.
It tends to bring higher edu
cation closer to the average stu
dent. As junior colleges spread
into more areas, more young
people are enabled to attend
them without going away from
home.
As time pases and the system
spreads, this wiU tend to relieve
the pressure on our already ov
ercrowded colleges and univer
sities. THE teacher shortage is ad
mittedly acute in Oregon
and elsewhere. This shortage is
generally attributed to teacher
pay, which is admittedly low in
comparison with other profess
ions, or even the skilled trades.
But
There are other shortages.
There are shortages rather
acute of managers. There are
biting shortages of engineers
and scientists. These shortages
are becoming so serious that our
deeper thinkers are beginning
to fear that if the situation re
mains unchanged RUSSIA MAY
PASS US in the not too distant
future in scientific and tech
nological progress.
These shortages can hardly be
blarried on inadequate pay, for
engineers and scientists and the
upper echelons of management
are relatively high up on the pay
ladder.
Do you suppose it could be
that too .few of our people are
Russia, Red China Making Big
Gains In 'Neutralist' Asia
By CHARES M. McCANN
United Press Correspondent
Russia and Red China are
making big gains in Eastern
Asia while the Western Allies
center their at
tention on the
Middle East-.
Russia has
just granted
"neu t ra list"
I n d o n e sia a
credit which
may total as
S100 million.
Russian mate
rial has started
arriving in India for a steel mill
which the Soviet government
will finance to the extent of
$131.8 million.
Afghanistan has made a deal
under which Russia will supply
it with weapons and construct
roads and dams. This deal is be
lieved to total about $100 mil
lion. Laos, one of the three king
doms of Indochina, has joined
the neutralist bloc after a visit
to Peiping.
Prime Minister Tank Prasad
Acharya of Nepal is to leave
Sunday for a visit to Chinese
Red Premier Chou En-lai.
Will Aid Red- China
Prime Minister Solomon Ban
daranaike of Ceylon, which un
til recently was firmly aligned
with the West, has announced
that he will do all he can to get
Red China admitted to the U.N.
when the General Assembly
News bx F
rank Jenkins
willing in these days to PAY
THE PRICE OF LEADERSHIP?
NOW for Chancellor Richards'
suggestion that the adminis
trators of Oregon's state schools
may adopt at not too distant a
date requirements that will
keep out students who can't do
college work.
It is admittedly a radical one
in our country. But many com
petent observers are beginning
to believe that by and large ed
ucated Europeans tend to be bet
ter educated than educated Am
ericans. In Europe the colleges
and the universities tend to be
maintained for the benefit of
those wo can meet the high
standards demanded of those
who want to go to college.
I think we'll all have to admit
that at their joint meeting in
Salem the members of the Ore
gon state board of educatiorp-and
the Orgon state board of high
er education have been tackling
some tough but highly impor
tant problems.
Herman Talmadge
Wins Georgia Vote
Atlanta (U.R) Herman
Talmadge won a Democratic
nomination to the.U. S. Senate
today with a 4-to-l vote his fath
er, "old Gene," would have en
vied. Young Talmadge, former two
term governor and crowd-sway-
er at 43, claimed the victory as
a "mandate" showing the nation
that Georgia will fight for school
segregation.
His battle cry of "save the
states' rights" won him a sweep
ing triumph over an old-time po
litical foe, former acting Gov.
M. E. Thompson, in a bid- for the
seat of retiring Sen. Walter F.
George.
Returns from 1,320 of the
state's 1,854 precincts gave Tal
madge 387,093 popular votes and
350 indicated county unit votes
to 93,084 popular votes for
Thompson. A total of 206 units
was needed to win the nomina
tion.
NOT CRICKET
North Sacramento, Calif. (U.R)
Police rushed to an apartment
where a woman was reported
screaming for help. She was
screaming all right, but at a
cricket that had hopped into her
room.
Charles M. McCann
WHICH CEMETERY?
You can save your loved ones considerable anxiety if you let them know
which cemetery you prefer
When the time element is critical in arranging funeral services, you can
especially save them much mental anguish if you have been thoughtful enough
to have selected and purchased plots in advanct of need.
If you are not acquainted with Medford' three cemeteries, visit them
and arrange for the purchase of space now, when it is easier to think of th
"indefinite future."
Chapel Mortuary
Across from the Courthouse
Frank Morgan Harold Snodgrass
FUNERAL DIRECTORS
meets in New York City in No
vember. While all this is going on, the
United States, Great Britain and
France are preoccupied by the
Suez Canal dispute.
Britain has the additional
worry over the Cyprus revolt.
France is worrying over North
Africa.
Awareness of the growing dan
ger of Communist penetration in
East Asia is one reason why the
United States is trying its best
to keep the Suez Canal dispute
from reaching the fighting stage.
There is nothing Soviet Rus
sia would like better than to see
the Western Allies get them
selves drawn into a war over
Suez.
In fact, there is good reason
to believe that Russia is expert
ing. or helping to expert, the
moves of Egyptian President
Gamal Abdel Nasser in the Suez
situation.
Matter of Fact uy jos.p ai.op
THE SLIPPERY VOTERS
Milwaukee If you spent a
couple of days, as this reporter
has just done, walking the streets
of Milwaukee
or any big
city push
i n g doorbells
and talking to
people, you
would find
many persons
with peculiar
views.
There was,
for example,
Joseph Alsop
the small, earnest, bespectacled
man who said that the biggest
problem facing the country to
day is that "they're cutting down
too many trees ana me iana is
turning to desert." (Could he be
right?) Then there were several
people who disliked Sen. Joseph
McCarthy because, they said, he
was "too radical." (Could they
be right too?) There are many
such surprises.
Yet there is a certain monot
ony as well. Over and over again
you hear the same phrases. One
set of phrases stamps the speak
er indelibly a solid, unshake
able Republican, and another set
as a solid unshakeable Demo
crat.
TTERE are some solid Republi'
can phrases: "Eisenhower
stopped that War, and you can't
take that away from him.
(This is the most common Re
publican phrase), "I'm doing
better than I ever did, and 1
don't see any reason to change."
"If his doctors say he's okay.
that's good enough for me." "I
don't like Stevenson's ' witti
cisms." "President Eisenhower is
a good man."
Here are some solid Demo
cratic phrases: "The Democrats
are for the working people." (Or
"the little guy" this is the
most common Democratic
phrase). "I don't think Eisenhow
er has done too much." "He's a
sick man, and it's time for him
to retire." "I just don t care for
Nixon." "Eisenhower is with the
big shots." "Eisenhower is a good
man, but ..." -
The solid Republicans and the
solid Democrats are easy to iden
tify, and you can be absolutely
sure how they will vote if they
vote. But there is a third group
of slippery voters, about whom
you can make no confident pre
dictions. Here are some of the
favorite phrases of these slippery
voters:
"They say the Republicans are
against labor, but I can t see too
much difference. Everybody's
working." "i'm a Democrat, but
if it keeps on the way it is I'm
satisfied." "Well, we haven't
discussed it much. It's summer
time and we talk mostly about
fishing and hunting and the
Braves."
TN THIS third group, you will
A often find people who com
bine the solid Republican and
Democratic phrases: "Eisenhow
er's a good man, and he stopped
If II
Russia's aim, while pretending
to help Nasser, is to incite trou
ble which in the end, of course
would ruin him.
President Sukarno of Indo
nesia has just ended a visit to
the Soviet Union which tended
to strengthen the Western view
point that East Asian neutralis&i
is somewhat warmer toward
Russia and Red China than to
ward the Western Allies.
During an extensive tour,
Sukarno made speech after
speech praising Russia in the
highest terms.
"You work for peace, prosper
ity and equality," Sukarno said
in one speech. "We Indonesians
aim similarly. Let us work to
gether." He emphasized several
times that Russia, like Indonesia,
is fighting against "Western im
perialism." Sukarno left Moscow Wednes
day for Yugoslavia. On his way
home he intends to visit Red
China.
that war, but the Democrats are
for the little guy."
This third group is really what
the current campaign is all
about. For the votes of these
slippery voters wiU determine
the outcome of the election. And
this reporter, after many hours
of doorbell - pushing here with
John Kraft, an able professional
public opinion survey expert, is
more certain than ever that the
outcome of this election is by no
means pre-determined.
Here in Milwaukee, we found
very little of the fierce resist
ance to Adlai Stevenson among
normal Democratic voters which
was so evident in two previous
pulse-feeling expeditions, in the
Chicago area and in Iowa. Now
that Stevenson is the candidate
there is an obvious tendency
among Democratic voters to
close the ranks around him. On
the other hand, we found very
little of the heavy switching to
Stevenson among 1952 Eisen
hower voters which this report
er's partner found in the North
west. What we found, instead, was a
drift into the slippery, or don't
know, category, with the drift
considerably heavier among
former Eisenhower voters than
former Stevenson voters. In
1952, Stevenson carried this city'
by a slim 51.5 per cent of 48.5
per cent for Eisenhower. The
Kraft-Alsop poll, for what it is
worth (and we talked to a lot
more people than would be in
terviewed in this area in a na
tional poll) gave Stevenson 47
per cent, Eisenhower 38 per cent
and 15 per cent in the slippery
category.
IN SHORT, as Kraft expressed
it, "there are a lot of votes up
for grabs here." There are a lot
of voters who have quite gen
uinely not made up their minds,
and whose votes will be deter
mined by the course of the cam
paign. In this situation, the great
est Republican assets are the
President's popularity (no - one
dislikes him) and the "peace
issue", undeniably effective in
these parts.
The .greatest Democratic asset
is the growing identification of
the President with 'the Republi
can party, unquestionably the
minority party in this city, as in
most big cities.
There is another Democratic
asset Republican complacen
cy. Here as elsewhere, Stevenson
has a real chance to better his
1952 percentage by a big margin.
In order to win, after all, Steven
son need only convert one voter
in 20. And there are plenty of
slippery voters waiting to be con
verted. Copyright 1956 by New York
Herald Tribune Inc. '
DAMAGE ESTIMATE
Kadena, Okinawa (U.R)
The U. S. Air Force estimated
today that typhoon Emma caus
ed $4.1 million to Air Force in
stallations on Okinawa. This
brought -total U. S. military
damage to nearly $9 million.