yOTTR MZDrORD (OREGON)
.BtoPORlVittiTRIBUHE
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Flight or Time
Medford and Jackson County
History from the files of The
Mail T:ibune 10, 20. 30 and
40 yiars ago.
10 YEARS AGO
Sept. 7. 1346
(It was Saturday)
West Coast Airlines today an
nounces appointment of Charles
A. Whillock of Ashland as Med
ford station manager for the new
airline.
From Arthur Perry's Ye
Smudge Pot column: The lack of
rumors and scandals hereabouts
astounds the natives, they report.
20 YEARS AGO
Sept. 7, 1936
(It was Monday)
An appeal to writers to place
their work before the public is
brought to local ' journalists
Thursday, when Dr. Clara Ing
ham of Portland, state prexy of
the League of Western Writers,
addressed the Medford chapter
Sunday.
With headquarters In the M.
M. Department store a new sales
agency for Philco radios will be
opened Tuesday by Elhart Broth
en of Ashland.
30 YEARS AGO
Sept. 7, 1926
(It was Tuesday)
J. Ed Russell, publicity man
for the Abner K. Kline shows
was In Medford today arranging
for the shows to open here next
Monday.
The Snedicor shop. 407 East
Main St.. is exhibiting a collec
tion of Japanese prints, loaned
by Miss Livingston.
40 YEARS AGO
Sept. 7. 1916
(It was Thursday)
It has been a prosperous year
for fishermen at the mouth of
Rogue River, according to
George Putnam, who has re
turned from a trip to Gold
Beach.'
After more than 25 years' serv
ice as counsel for the Southern
Pacific in Oregon, William D
Fenton retires.
What's the Answer?
Can You Get 4 of the 7?
Copr. 19SS Fditorlal Research
Report
1. Average total family in
come in the U. S. is over $5,000
a year: right or wrong?
2. Col. Nasser of Egypt seemed
to have the backing of all, most,
or only a few other Arab states
in nationalizing the Suez Canal?
3. The Supreme Court decis
ion banning public school segre
gation is specifically "accepted"
in the Republican or Democratic
1956 platform, both or neither?
4. The Donets Basin, great Eu
ropean industrial area, is in
West Germany. East Germany.
Belgium. Czechoslovakia, France
or Russia.
5. Air coach plane travel has
been in operation in the U. S.
for (a) 4. (b) 8, (c) 12, or (d) 16
years?
6. Which of these was called
"Seward's Folly" when the U. S.
got it: Alaska. Hawaii. Panama
Canal, Philippines, Puerto' Rico,
Virgin Islands?
7. Stuhldreher, Miller. Layden
and Crowley were collectively
known as what?
The Answers: 1. Right: 2. AIL-
3. In the Republican platform:
4. Russia.- S. Eight years: 6.
&iir- 7. Four Horsemen Notre
Cam footballers.) I
I aa
MAIL TRIBUNE
Search In The Skies
Most of us, at one time or another, have lain on
the grass on a warm summer evening, gazing up at
the stars. We have been amazed and perhaps a bit
frightened at the immensity above us.
Mankind has been gazing at the stars for thous
ands of years. Gradually, bit by bit, piece by piece,
he has learned a little about them, what they are, how
they act. But his knowledge of the universe is still
tiny and based on theories, assumptions and plain
guesses. .....
NOT too many years ago man assumed the earth
v. a mc ecu lci ui cue
progressed and his instruments became more exact,
he believed the sun was the center. Still later it became
known that the sun and its solar system, which is our
home in space, is only a tiny fleck in a tremendous
galaxy of stars, which itself
unimaginable vastness of
Arlb. we say that space is unimaginable, we
f mean just that. The
visualizing it in accurate
standards of measurement do not apply. So, instead
of using miles as a standard (as when we say the sun
is 93,000,000 miles away),
term light vear as a standard of measurement.
This makes it possible to use a symbol (which we
can handle) to describe the actual distances (which
we cannot).
A light year is the distance traveled by light in
one year at a speed of 186,300 miles per second. The
sun is about seven light minutes away.
The galaxy in which
disc-shaped collection of
some 40,000 light years in
Other galaxies, some
of millions, even billions, of light years away.
DROBING the secrets of the universe is known as the
science of cosmology. Small wonder that the
ancients were inclined to keep their cosmology limit
ed to terms and distances they could comprehend.
The new science of cosmology is actually less than
half a century old. It is a science which depends on
hints, inferences, and interpretations, and on pains
taking and laborious observations, as the bases for
its theories and hypotheses.
It depends on optics, nuclear science and mathe
matics for additions to the bulk of man's knowledge
so he can draw valid conclusions.
It is, perhaps, the most "ify" of all physical sci
ences, for its theories cannot be proven or disproven
in the test tube, and its hypotheses are often based on
other hypotheses.
NEVERTHELESS, astronomers are on the verge of
discoveries which may kill some theories, and sub
stantiate others, with the result that a unified cosmol
ogy may soon be erected.
There are some dramatic new means of arriving at
this break-through point.
There is the new 200-inch telescope at Mt. Palo
mar, which has tremendously expanded the horizon of
mans probing into space. There are new photographic
films, which can "see" and record light which is in
visible to the human eye, even through telescopes.
There are spectroscopes, to break up the light of
far-distant objects, thereby telling their physical com
position, and measuring the wrave lengths, which give
an indication (it is believed) of the speed with which
distant galaxies are receding.
Perhaps most important of the new physical tools
are radio telescopes, which receive impulses from
space beyond the range of even the greatest of the
optical telescopes.
""THERE are the theoretical tools, too the concepts
bom in the minds of physicists and mathematici
ans and astronomers which are designed to provide
possible solutions to the problems posed, solutions that
may be proven or disproven as the new cosmology
evolves.
These theories sometimes conflict, sometimes sup
plement each other. Each is an honest effort to pro
vide an orderly explanation of how the universe
works. They range from formulas and general con
cepts to a new, "non-Euclidian" geometry.
Because this "break-through" to greater knowl
edge is imminent, the Scientific American this month
felt it worth while to devote its entire issue to the
universe, to the varying theories of cosmology, to the
methods being used, to the progress which has been
made in recent years. To anyone interested, even
vaguely, in the subject, the magazine is recommended.
A STRONOMY, and more particularly cosmology, is
approaching in the large the same basic knowl
edge of our environment which the nuclear physicists
are approaching in the small.
The questions they seek to answer are big ones : Is
the universe finite or infinite? Is it stable or expand
ing? Is space "flat" or "curved," and if curved, is the
curve positive or negative? How are time and space
related?
And, inevitably, the scientists must face up to the
biggest question of all, cosmogeny: How did it all
begin? Was it created in one blinding flash, as one
theorist holds? Is there constant and continual crea
tion, as another believes? Is it an orderly and logical
system? Or did it "just happen"?
yE DON'T have the answers yet. We may never
have. But if we don't, it won't be for lack of bril
liant minds probing and asking, and tireless and dedi
cated men observing and comparing and theorizing
and attempting to prove or disprove their theories.
It takes courage, too, to face up to the fundamental
questions questions which have thus far been an
swered by mankind only in terms of faith. Who
knows? Perhaps religion stands to gain, too, by this
search in the skies for truth and knowledge'. E.A.
Friday, September 7, I95S
um v ci sc. x iicii, da mo sluuico
is only a tiny fleck in the
space itself.
human mind is incapable of
terms, and our familiar
the astronomer uses the
the sun is a minor star is a
stars, nebulae and gas of
radius.
much larger, are hundreds
Nixon's Name Fighting Word
To Many;
(Editor's Note: This Is the last of
a series sizing up the vice presi
dential candidates.)
By LYLE C. WILSON
United Press Correspondent
Washington U.R) None can
sav precisely when the name
Richard M. Nixon became fight-
5 '"B words.
But fighting
words they are
among Demo
crats generally
and especially
among the left
wing of Amer
ican politics.
This mild
mannered t.vie c vvusuo young Quaker,
with a quick smile which is
sometimes shy became in the
span of 10 years the most con
troversial figure in American
politics. It will be 10 years next
November since Nixon first was
elected to the House of Repre
sentatives. It will be six years
in November since he was elect
ed to the Senate. It will be four
years then since he was elected
Vice President on the Republi
can ticket headed by World War
II General Dwight D. Eisen
hower. Called Many Things
Nixon came out of the war a
Navy lieutenant commander.
He's been called a young man
in a hurry, and less flattering
things, too. You almost could say
that Nixon is putting to severe
test a statement by an earlier
vice president. That was Indi
ana's Tom Marshall, 1913-21.
"No one," said Marshall,
"would ever take the trouble to
shoot a vice president."
The type of enemies Nixon
makes don't shoot people, how
ever strong the urge. Speaker
Sam Rayburn gets red-faced like
a lobster at the mention of Nix
on's name and, often, is unable
to find words adequate for his
feelings. Former President Tru
man once balked at revisiting
the Senate chamber until assur
ed that the vice president was
elsewhere. Mr. Truman doesn't
want to co-star anywhere with
President Eisenhower, either.
Nixon is Target
But it is Nixon for whom the
political opposition reserve
their best anger. There's some
anti-Nixon sentiment in the Re
publican party, but not much.
Not a single vote was cast last
month against Nixon's renomi
nation. Those who dislike Nix
on assert with great confidence
that the independent voters don't
like him. Who, what and where
the independent voters are and
who is qualified to speak for
them is a matter of some debate.
The November election returns
should illuminate such matters.
Win or lose, Nixon stands to
make his enemies like him less
this year than last. What burns
them is his campaign speeches
and, of course, their failure, so
far, to lick him. In that first
campaign for the House 1946
Nixon made a solid bid for the
left wing blacklist. He beat Rep.
Jerry Voorhis, an able veteran
who also was a 100 per cent
New Dealer.
Four years later 1950 Nix
on compounded the felony by de
feating another sweetheart of
the left-of-center element. Her
name was Helen Gahagan Doug
las, the prettiest member of Con
gress, ever, who was serving with '
1
Suez Negotiation Said
Week's Good News
By CHARLES M. McCANN
United Press Correspondent
The week's good and bad news
on the international balance
sheet.
The Good
1. Negotiations opened in
Cairo on the dispute which re
sulted from the decree of Egyp
tian President Gamal Abdel
Nasser nationalizing the Suez
Canal. A five-nation committee
submitted to Nasser a proposal,
approved by 18 countries, pro
viding for international control
of canal traffic. Nasser submit
ted a proposal of his own calling
for an international ' board,
linked with the United Nations,
which would act in an advisory
capacity. The dispute remained
grave. But the danger of Brit
ish and French military action
against Egypt receded. It was
indicated that a meeting of the
18 nations would be held in Lon
don next week, with Secretary
of State John Foster Dulles rep
resenting the United States, to
discuss the Cairo negotiations.
2. Italian Communist party,
strongest outside of the Iron
Curtain, suffered a severe blow
when the right and left wings of
the Socialist party all but com
pleted plans to merge. The left
wing had been allied with the
Communists since the party split
in 1947.
3. Adm. Felix B. Stump, com
manding the United States Pa
cific Fleet, said in Manila that
the Southeast Asia Treaty Or
ganization has reached the stage
where it could act swiftly and
effectively against any Commu
nist aggression. Stump was ad
dressing a meeting of SEATO
military advisers. He and Air
Marshal Sir Francis Freessanges,
British Far Eastern Air Force
Controversy
Nixon in the House when both
decided to seek the Senate seat
vacated voluntarily by Sheridan
Downey.
Political Gold Mint
Midway between 1946 and
1950 Nixon got his pick into a
political gold mine. The time was
the first week of August, 1948.
The occasion was the appearance
of Alger Hiss before the House
Committee on Un-American Ac
tivities. Nixon was among the
few in that big hearing room who
doubted Hiss' testimony that he
was no Communist and never
had heard of a man named Whit
aker Chambers. That doubt made
Nixon a national figure.
To say that to doubt Hiss then
was unpopular puts it too mildly.
Doubting Hiss bordered on slan
der or libel. It offended good
manners, like dirty finger nails.
The nation's eggheads, formerly
known as the intelligentsia,
leaped as though bee-stung to the
defense and so did thousands or
millions of others.
Mr. Truman took a hip shot at
the situation and probably re
grets it. Mr. T- said the Hiss
hullaballoo was just a Republi
can red herring in a political
year. He said it twice. Eighteen
months and two trials passed be
fore the impeccable Hiss was
convicted for perjury for deny
ing activities which had the color
of treason.
After Chambers, the man who
fingered Hiss, Nixon probably
was most responsible for putting
him in jail. There are persons
about who do not condone trea
son but who have never forgiven
Nixon for jailing Hiss nor for
his other services on the House
Committee. It is whispered
against Nixon that he is a Fascist.
He is accused of maligning the
Here's Kow They Did Things
In State Politics 50 Years Ago
To the Editor: The people of
Oregon, with their valuable
heritage of successful popular
government, at this time of cru
cial national and state election
campaigns, should be watchful
to protect themselves from an
other incursion by federal of
ficials who are not so keen for
the freedom Oregonians enjoy.
This writer, during the elec
tion year of 1908. was a court
reporter in the office at Salem
of Attorneys-at-law Kaiser and
Pogue. The president of the
state senate, Mr. Hal Patton,
came up from his stationery sup
ply store downstairs to report
that he had been offered $10,
000 cash and appointment as
postmaster at Salem (with its
many rural routes) on condition
that he would go back on his
promise to the people of Oregon
to vote for their choice at the
polls for United States senator.
This was before the Constitu
tional amendment for the direct
election of U. S. senators had
become the law of the nation.
Under the Oregon system at that
time a sufficient number of can
didates for the state senate to
carry out the will of the people
had been elected under what
was called "Statement No. 1
which was their pledge to vote
in the legislature for the peo
ple's choice for U. S. senator.
Oregon newspapers investi-
commander, said their forces
were ready to aid any SEATO
member which might be at
tacked. The Bad
1. Russia and Communist
China steadily increased their
influence in southern and east
ern Asia. Afghanistan disclosed
that it had made agreements for
military aid with Russia and
Czechoslovakia. President Su
karno of Indonesia, a leading
"neutralist," toured the Soviet
Union and spoke in the warmest
terms of the Soviet govern
ment's work for "peace, pros
perity and equality." Laos, one
of the three states of Indochina,
entered the neutralist camp after
a tour of Red China by its pre
mier, Prince Souvanna Phouma.
It was announced that Premier
Tank Prasad Acharya, of the
Himalayan kingdom of Nepal,
would leave for a visit to Red
China on Sept. 16.
2. Violence broke out in Cy-;
prus again after a brief truce. 'j
The Greek Cypriot underground !
organization had called the truce,
hoping to win concessions. But I
British Commander-in-Chief!
Field Marshal Sir John Harding j
demanded that the extremists j
lay down their arms. Their re-S
ply was to resume attacks on
Britons and Turkish Cypriots. j
3. Japan was threatened with
a cabinet crisis. Premier Ichiro ;
Hatoyama and Foreign Minister .
Mamoru Shigemitsu were under
strong attack by members of
their own Liberal-Democratic
party because of the failure of
peace treaty negotiations with
Russia. Shigemitsu seemed near
lv certain to lose his post and
Tokyo dispatches indicate that :
Hatoyama might be forced out.
Traced
leaders of the Democratic party.
The precise language in which
Nixon is accused of making per
sional attacks on Mr. Truman, for
example, is not cited. It is the
over-all implication of his charge
that the Truman and Roosevelt
administrations were soft on
Communism.
Nixon went Into the 1952 na
tional campaign with a back
ground which included the politi
cal demise of Voorhis and Mrs.
Douglas, the jailing of Hiss, serv
ice on the House Committee on
Un-American Activities. He
chose the soft-on-Communism is
sue as a major 1952 theme- He
stayed with it in the congres
sional elections of 1954.
Tough Man to Fight
Nixon is a tough man In a
fight. His House and Senate tri
umphs in California were lop
sided majorities way over 500,
000. The Eisenhower-Nixon tick
et was a spectacular winner. The
1954 campaign did not pay off
so well. What 1956 will bring re
mains to be seen.
Nixon is hated, It is true. He
also is loved by millions for the
enemies he lias made. His worst
enemies usually will concede
that he has undertaken large re
sponsibilities as vice president
and that he has discharged them
well. The odds arelong that Rich
ard M. Nixon, now 43, will be
the leader of the Republican
party when President Eisen
hower steps down. There is none
in sight to challenge him except
Thomas E. Dewey, of New York,
whose plans are unknown.
Mr. Eisenhower admires and
respects Nixon- He approves of
his campaign tactics. For the
first time a vice president has
been put in training to succeed
to the presidency just in case
gated and revealed that Repub
lican National Chairman Hitch
cock (the postmaster general)
had sent Ormsby McHarg from
Washington, D. C, with $70,000
cash and the promise of seven
federal offices for seven state
senators, provided they would
go back on their pledge to the
people of Oregon to vote in the
state senate for the people's
choice for U. S. Senator. Mc
Harg was notified that unless he
left Oregon within 24 hours he
would be strung up on a tele
graph pole, and he promptly re
turned east with his $70,000 and
no promise from any state sen
ator-elect to go back on the
"Statement No. 1" pledge.
RighUy believing that because
of the unique Oregon system the
Republican-controlled Senate in
Washington would stage a con
test against his being seated on
arrival there. Gov. Geo. E.
Chamberlain called on this writ
er to make a verbatim report of
the explanatory speeches in the
state senate of each of the Re
publican senators who voted for
him and thus kept their pledges
under "Statement No. 1." That
evening the reporter for the
"Oregonian," Mr. Prescott, who
later became secretary to senior
Oregon U. S. Sen. Jonathan
Bourne Jr., rushed a copy of
the transcription to Portland for
the morning edition of his paper.
Mr. Chamberlain took his seat
in the U. S.' Senate as a Demo
crat and served with great dis
tinction for 12 years. This writ
er served as his assistant secre
tary for nine years. It was an
honor to cooperate with the man
chosen by the people of Oregon
to be twice attorney general,
twice governor of the state, and
twice U. S. senator, and who
made an amazing record of ser
vice to the state and nation, and
also in international affairs.
This writer has been retired
by the government for the past
nine years. When the territories
of New Mexico and Arizona
came up for admission to the
Union, the Republican-controlled
Senate at Washington sought
to keep Arizona out, because it
had progressive legislation in
line with that of Oregon. Sen
ator Chamberlain at that time
declared that Arizona should be
admitted to the union with New
Mexico, or both would stay out,
and he was successful in his
fight, both being admitted early
in 1912.
Hubert Grant,
Phoenix, Ariz.
Use Tribune Want Ads
2 3.1
I
PORK.
SAUSAGE
29'b.
Bond Investment and
Interest Rate Talked
By ROGER W. BABSON
Babson Park, Mass. Recently,
monetary authorities have tight
ened their controls again, bring-
ingabouta
further decline
'in bond prices.
I forecast that
these authori
ties so long
as business re
mains good
.will maintain
a firm rein on
credit. The
Rorer W Babion trend for bond
prices has been down for 20
months. That is the primary rea
son why I have advised and stiU
advise the average investor to
buy only short-maturity bonds.
Investor interest in bonds has
increased somewhat in recent
weeks as uncertainties have
crept into the outlook for com
mon stock prices and as yields
from the most popular common
stocks have become quite low.
These stocks could be particu
larly vulnerable in any import
ant market correction. I 'predict
that investor interest in bonds
will grow.
As I view the monetary and
business situation this fall, I fore
see a continued weak bond
market. The monetary authori
ties will have to contend with
possible upward price pressure
arising out of the steel wage set
tlement; but nothing radical will
be done until after the elections
in November. Certainly, nothing
will be done before then to harm
business.
Government Bonds
Do not count on long-term gov
ernment bonds showing any sus
tained strength. After the elec
tions the money managers may
have to fight higher prices by
again slightly tightening credit
terms and raising money rates. I
assume that bankers who are
mostly Republicans do not ob
ject to higher money rates.
I would caution the average
investor against buying long-
term government bonds with any
thought of profits. As with other
bond groups, I urge investors to
confine the major portion of
their purchases to intermediate
and short-term government is
sues. Only for death-tax purposes
should one build a backlog of
those long-term Treasury issues
which are always worth par for
payment of estate taxes. This
means one should not pay more
than par for them. Remember,
however, that the interest re
ceived from government bonds
is subject to federal income
taxes.
The difference in yields be
tween high-grade corporate and
government bonds in a given ma
turity is now relatively small.
However, I question whether
even insurance companies should
buy so heavily into the corporate
field as into governments. Un
like the individual investor who
maintains a balanced fund of
bonds and stocks, insurance com
panies, particularly life com
panies, must spread maturities
and include some long - term
bonds, including AAA utilities
and rails. Colleges, hospitals, and
funds not subect to taxation can
well consider good corporate
bonds. However, I think such
buyers should put more of their
bond funds into utilities and in
dustrials than into rails.
The average investor to whom
yield is important would be jus
tified in putting a small part of
his bond funds into medium
grade utility and industrial is
sues. On long-term issues of such
bonds, he can now obtain a yield
of about 3.75 per cent on rails.
3.59 per cent on. industrials, and
State's Youngest
School To Open
Bend U.R) Oregon's young
est institution of higher learn
ing Central Oregon College, will
open for the new school year
Sept. 10 with an expected en
rollment of 300 students.
Director Don Pence said the
two-year junior college would
have 11 full-time faculty mem
bers this year with eight part
time instructors and would use
facilities in Bend's new million
dollar high school. The college
convenes at nights only after
high school cjasses have cleared
the building.
Pence's prediction of a rec
ord enrollment was based on
reports of tight housing at both
University of Oregon and Ore
gon State College.
EAST
SIXTH 5T.
iifcTrMii ' 1 h n
PURE
LARD, 2 lbs.
SLICED
BACON
39c.b.
3.62 per cent on utilities. But at
these yields, I prefer nontaxable
bonds, such as municipals and
high-grade revenue issues for
those who are in the high tax
bracket and who do not worry
about marketability.
Confine Purchase
I would recommend that pur
chases of medium-grade corpora
tion bonds be confined to first
mortgage issues. Medium-grade
bonds are influenced in price
movement by what happens in
the stock market. In no case
should the average investor
place any of his funds intended
as a nest egg for later purchase
of stocks in other than short-term
high-grade issues, even though
he may have to make some sac
rifice of yield.
Ordinarily, I like to recom
mend convertible bonds to my
readers; but in view of uncer
tainties in the stock market it is
questionable whether very many
purchases in this field should be
made now. Again I recommend
to Individuals good short-term
tax-exempt bonds.
In the Day's News
By FRANK JENKINS
FIRST, let's talk about Suez.
The Cairo talks are beine con
ducted behind closed doors as
they should be. But there are
indications that they have takn
a definite possibly a conclu-'
sive turn. What isn't clear is
whether a compromise is im
minent or whether Nasser has
refused to budge from his earl
ier stand against any foreign
interference in running the
canal.
At any rate, Britain's Prime
Minister Eden has called an
emergency session of parliament
to hear a report on the Cairo
situation. Emergency sessions
of parliament are called only to
consider grave problems.
'THERE Is another interesting
development in Britain.
The eight - million - member
Trade Union Congress has
adopted resolutions demanding
that the Suez problem be put be
fore the United Nations if the
present Cairo talks fail. The pow
erful TUC has taken a firm stand
AGAINST USE OF FORCE IN
THE SUEZ DISPUTE.
XlfHY talk first about far-away
" Suez?
This is the answer:
If the handling of the Suez
problem is wise and thoughtful
and intelligent, WAR MAY BE
AVOIDED.
If it isn't wisely and thought
fully and intelligently handled,
the world can blunder into an
other war.
MOW for the daily dose of
politics.
Addressing the International
Association of Machinists in San
Francisco today, Adlai Steven
son says: "The Republicans offer
you PROMISES. The Democrats
offer you PERFORMANCE."
T'M afraid he got it backwards.
Sixty-six million workers
employed at the highest wages
in the history of the world is
performance.
The Democrats PROMISE
labor control of the government.
T ETS put it this way:
It you were a worker's
WIFE, which would you rather
have a job at good wages, or
CONTROL OF THE GOVERN
MENT? NOW for a crack at the farm
nrohlpm
From Chicago comes the news
that prime steers hit a new high
at the Union stockyards yester
day. Three loads sold for $32
hundredweight. The steers
were top quality and had been
fed on grain in Midwest feed
lots. i
The $32 price compared with
a top of $26.25 last year. It was
the best price since April 19,
1955, when the top was also $32.
WHY?
" 1
Listen:
A SHRINKING SUPPLY of
this type of cattle has caused
prices to move up over recent
months.
That is to say:
It wasn't POLITICS that
caused prices of prime steers to
move up sharply on the Chicago
market.
It was SUPPLY AND DE
MAND.
.
MUTTON
ROAST
1 ftc
lb.