Medford
United Press Full Leased Wire
Tribune
United Press Full Leased Win
Second Section
MEDFORD, OREGON, TUESDAY, AUGUST 28, 1956
Pages 1 to 10
Eisenhower Said Taking Advice From
Some Held Hostile To Organized Labor
Br ROBERT A. SMITH
Mail Tribune Correspondent
Editor's note: This is the sec
ond in a series on the record of
the Eisenhower administration.
Washington President Eisen
hower has been taking advice
from some people whom labor
leaders regard
as hostile to
organized la
bor, and simul
taneously the
labor leaders
who had easy
access to t h e
White H o u se
under Roose-
unlt mH Trn.
A. RoDL Sroitn man " i "
longer the intimate advisors of
Wie president who has held office
since 1953.
This is all a manifestation of
different concepts. Union leaders
tend to equate unions and all
laboring men, although union
membership is a statistical mi
nority of labor. The Eisenhower
administration has a broader con
cept of labor and acts accord
Ingly, although to many union
leaders this is regarded as anti
union. The record shows that the ad
ministration has dealt with un
ions and respected many of
their demands. But it has not
dealt with them exclusively
When Eisenhower first formed
his cabinet he chose a labor ex
ecutive, Martin P. Durkin, as
his labor secretary a selection
pronounced "incredible" by the
late Sen. Robert A. Taft, co
author of the Taft-Hartley act
which labor opposes. This ges
ture toward the unions soured in
seven months.
Durkin had worked out a pro
gram of 19 changes in the Taft
Hartley Act which he believed
Eisenhower endorsed. Other ad
visors persuaded the president
differently, and when Eisenhow
er wouldn't back Durkin the
labor leader quit, declaring the
President had broken his word.
Gained Confidence of Some
To succeed Durkin, Eisenhow
er chose James P. Mitchell, a
New York department store ex
ecutive who has won the con
fidence of some labor leaders,
but gained the enmity of some
employers who regard him as
leftist". Mitchell retained the
best of Durkin's men in the
Labor Department.
Union leaders talk quite dif
ferently of the president's ap
pointments to the National Labor
Relations Board, which handles
labor-management disputes un
der the labor act. After appoint
ments changed a majority of its
membership, the board limited
its jurisdiction over disputes,
leaving thousands of employers
and employees without the pro
tection and restraints of the labor
act. This would seem to cut both
ways, but it is the unions that
are crying foul.
The board's interpellation of
free speech has been broadened.
Thus an employer hoping to fend
off a union invasion, has more
freedom to talk to his workers
without having an unfair labor
practice complaint lodged
against him with the NLRB.
Unions have won many NLRB
decisions, but it is clear that
management is now more com
fortable with this board than it
ever had been. No board has
ever been free of criticism from
one side or another. Until re
cent years, it came from man
agement, now from labor.
Claims Program Blocked
The record on labor legislation
is not as bad as labor feared it
might be, nor as good as the
administration claims. Secretary
Mitchell claims that his labor
program has been blocked in
Congress by the chairman of the
House Labor Committee, Rep.
Graham A. Barden (D-N.C.) who
is not friendly to labor.
No changes have been made
in the controversial Taft-Hartley
act, for the Republican adminis
tration and the Democratically
controlled 84th Congress have
been at loggerheads over what
changes would be acceptable to
all sides.
The minimum wage has been
raised from 75 cents to $1 a
compromise between the 90 cents
asked by the administration and
$1.25 proposed by union leaders.
The administration has talked
much of extending the wage and
hour law to cover several mil
lion more employees, but the
retail trade lobby has been so
effective in opposing this, that
nothing has come of it.
Following an announced pol
icy of non-intervention in labor
management disputes, the admin
istration has invoked the emer
gency injunction against strikes
of the Taft-Hartley act only three
times. Bui) this is largely due to
the fact that there have been
so few disputes resembling na
tional emergencies. Partisans
will argue whether this state of
affairs was just the good fortune
of the Eisenhower administratiqn
or the result of its policies.
In any event, President Eisen
hower has presided over an era
of relative industrial peace.
Wages, living standards and em
ployment have touched new
highs. Unemployment has not
been a serious national problem.
Prices had been stable until this
summer.
Never Had it so Good
, Economically, labor has "nev
er had it so good." as AFL-CIO
President George Meany conced
ed last year.
This is reflected in the eco
nomic statistics which show that
this spring the average factory
worker had 16 per cent more
spending money after taxes than
he had in July, 1952. Employ
ment in non-farm establishments
went up more than four million
in the same period, as the na
tional economy and population
expanded. And man-days lost in
strikes went down 50 per cent.
In short, the administration
has an economic record with a
powerful political potential. It
has played ball with labor lead
ers to some extent, but much less
than Roosevelt and Truman. It
has been more responsive to employer-minded
advisors. It has
acted on the assumption that
unions are strong enough to ex
tend their influertce without
White House assistance, that
some workmen prefer to be un
organized and are entitled to
protection of that choice, and
that labor legislation is in real
ity labor-management legisla
tion. (NEXT What about the welfare
state?)
. - W" . ' -i 1
fOMRINT. WATfRS nrr rniv. tt c . , , -"sal
,. u. 0. BIupE ana planes are searching for Navy patrol
plane with 16 aboard, attacked and believed shot down by Communist Chineae aircraft
in international waters 32 miles off Wenchow, north of Formosa. (htUnatUmal)
Motorist of Future May Follow
Yellow Road, Color Expert Says
New York (U.R) Color ex
perts think the motorist of the
future may "follow the yellow
brick road" instead of highway
signs to his destination just as
Judy Garland did in the fantasy,
The Wizord of Oz.
Colored buildings, roads and
sidewalks will be a natural step
in the evolution of color, ac
cording to Paul Wrablica, an in
dustrial designer.
He claims-that increased use
of color will save many hours
and materials, and make living
easier and happier for everyone.
Among the conveniences he
envisions are hot and cold water
faucets colored fed and blue,
electrical switches with the "on"
button colored green and the
"off" button colored red, and
bolts and nuts with a standard
index color for each size.
"The idea is to use color in
stead of words to convey a mes
sage," he said. "It's easier and
faster to 'read' color than it is to
read words."
Wrablica has made some sur
prising discoveries in his experi
ments with color in industrial
application. He thinks these and
similar developments may give
birth to whole new business and
industries.
Wrablica and other color ex
perts learned that a crane, trac
tor, or bulldozer operator often
ab.used the dull and drab equip
ment he used on his job and at
the same time took good care of
his colorful private automobile.
They introduced color into
such machinery and found it was
given better care, needed fewer
repairs, and often led the oper
ator to do more and better work.
Wrablica has used color in
small machanical and electronic
parts to. convey a message and
at the same time produce the
psychological reaction that re
sults in better care.
His firm was commissioned
to redesign a metal aircraft con
trol panel switch in such a way
it would convey a variety of in
formation to the user.
Wrablica designed the new
switch with permanent color
and markings. After it was put
into use the manufacturer found
workers abused the part so
much less in handling that there
were 25 per cent fewer rejects
"That was an incidental bonus
the manufacturer got by using
color in the product," Wrablica
said. "We are making discov
eries like that constantly."
He thinks the color of a pro
duct made for general consump
tion can make the difference be
tween its success or failure.
"People sometimes don't know
exactly why they buy or don't
buy a product," Wrablica said.
"The reason is that its design
or color has a psychological ef
fect that they don't completely
understand.
"Good designers understand
these things and build in isles
appeal. One of the most effec
tive ways to do rtat is with
color."
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The Family Council
Editor's note: The Family Cniinril consists of a. judge, a psychiatrist,
three clergymen, a. newspaper editor, a women's editor and two writers.
Each article is a summary of an actual report. The Family Council does not
give advice; it merely reports on problems that havo been dealt with by
responsible agencies and counselors.
Emily Our girl's ambition
frightens me.
Jerry Emily's fear compli
cates the problem.
Emily My husband and I
usually get along very well, but
we are having a very painful
disagreement about our daugh
ter, who is 14 and seems to be
off her mind on the subject of
modeling.
Ever since she got this idea
into her head, she has become
unmanageable. She stands be
fore the mirror by the hour,
rufuses to eat at mealtime be
cause she wants to be thin, and
then gorges herself afterwards
because she is hungry.
If I as much as say a word to
her, she lets loose a tirade about
my being antagonistic to her,
competing with her and trying
to hold her down. She is a
pretty-enough girl and possibly
could get to be a model, but
she refuses to do anything to
improve herself. She will not
take lessons in anything that
will give her grace or improve
her personality. She simply
stands 'before the mirror, wears
tight clothes, and practices arti
ficial gestures. ,
I am frightened for the future,
but my husband pooh-poohs my
fears and refuse's to take, a hand.
Jerry I am just as concerned
for the future as Emily, but I
try not to be tense or frightened.
The problem is not simple, and
we have complicated our girl's
situation by making our home in
an isolated area where she can
not visit friends unless we pro
vide transportation. This has
greatly curtailed her social life.
Besides, she does not seem to
get along well with the girls
in school. Perhaps they are
jealous of her appearance, and
she may be emphasizing that
jealousy by her efforts to shine.
In any event, I think Emily
has made the situation unneces
sarily complicated by taking too
serious and critical a view of
our girl's childish ambition. I
think that if we stopped appear
ing to be opposed to her ambi
tion, we might better be able
to guide her to do the things
she needs for self-improvement,
such as piano lessons, dancing,
etc.
The Council: There is a risk
in following the husband's in-
I clination, but there is a greater
risk in pursuing a course that
will make the girl feel opposed,
antagonized, and frustrated.
It would be constructive to
give this girl the real facts about
modeling, its requirements and
its hardships as well as its
potential rewards.. Girls of her
age are likely to get a fantastical
ly glorified view of this pro
fession. The best way to cure the
kind of daydreaming that be
comes a substitute for self-improvement
is to combine posi
tive encouragement with hard
facts. Try to have her meet some
models who have been through
the mill, and have them tell her
what it takes.
Emily would be better equip
ped to deal with her daughter
if she freed herself from an ex
cessive prejudice against model
ing, which is apparent in her
attitude. On the fringe of this
field, there are no doubt prac
tices that should give caution to
any person, but modeling is a
useful and honest calling and
oan also be good training for
social life.
Emily should educate herself
on the facts of a modeling career
as a first step towards educating
and perhaps correcting her
daughter.
(Copyright 1956,
General Features Corp.)
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