IS
MARINES BOOT OUT McKEON SSgt. Matthew C. Mo
Keon consoles his wife who burst into tears a few min
utes after verdict was announced in McKeon's court
martial at Parns Island, S. C. The 31-year-year former
orill instructor was sentenced to a bad conduct dis
charge from the Marine Corps, forfeit of $30 a month pay
for nine months, a prison term of nine months, and
was broken to the rank of private. He was tried for the
April 8 "death march" he led into Ribbon Creek in
whicn six men were drowned.
Medford
United Press Full Leased Wire
Tribune
United Press Full Leased Wire
Second Section
MEDFORD, OREGON, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 8, 1956
Page 1-6
Story of Refugees From Europe Ashes
One of Greatest Stories of Post-War
New York U.R) One of the
great untold stories of the post
war decade is how the United
States opened its arms to half
a million refugees from the
ashes of Europe.
It is the story of the great
melting pot boiling again, of
how those displaced persons
found a home in a strange new
land.
They settled in every state of
the union. They went into al
most every trade and profession.
One became a millionaire within
live years. Others remained im
poverished. Some raised chil
dren as American as doughnuts
and cider. Others clung to their
own ethnic groups here, have
not yet learned English.
Some went to farms, far more
to cities. They found adjusting
to American customs more diffi
cult than learning the language
or making a living. Many meek
ly reported to police. That is
what they would have done at
home. Most at first avoided join-
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ing any organizations, political
or otherwise. They had found
that dangerous.
Learned Survival Under Natii
They were tremendously re
sourceful, for they had learned
survival in the wake of Nazi and
Communist armies.
The first boatload of 800 sail
ed past the Statute of Liberty
into New York Harbor on May
20, 1946, aboard the S.S. Marine
Flasher.
They were the tvanguard of
some 42.000 who came into the
United States under President
Truman's executive order of De
cember, 1945, and the 508,180
more who entered under the
Displaced Persons Act of 1948.
The vast majority came from
Europe, only 2,863 from Asia.
Immigration Department fig
ures show the greatest number
came from Poland 139,436.
Others came from Germany, 68,
420; Italy, 49.859; Yugoslavia,
41,700; Soviet Union, 38,241; La
tavia, 36,489. Only 1.125 came
from France, giht from Fin
land, seven from Norway. Many,
regardless of the nation they
left, were of German origin.
Of the total, 154.463 stayed in
New York State. But they scat
tered across the nation 53,690
to Illinois, 34,743 to Pennsylva
nia, 25,004 to Michigan, 23.432
to California, 24,075 to Ohio.
Nevada got only 214, Wyoming
422, Utah 428.
Survey Made
The United Hebrew Immi
grant Aid Society made a sur
vey of 102 on that first boat. It
showed that 98 have, become
citizens, three have died and
one could not take the exam
ination because he had become
blind.
It showed that of 56 who ar
rived single, 48 had married
and borne 88 children. Their
avnrage earning is now $100 a
week.
The classic success story is
that of Leon Jolson. He was 36
when he came here in Feb
ruary, 1947, a refugee from
Poland who had survived two
Nazi concentration camps. He
spoke no English and owned
only the clothes he wore.
Jolson settled in New York's
Bronx with his wife, Anna, and
began selling needles and thread
door to door. He volunteered to
oil and adjust sewing machines
and studied their intricacies.
Money was so short he and his
wife lived for days on a diet
of oranges and cornflakes.
Then he wrote the Necchi
Sewing Machine Co. in Italy,
and, with $2,000 borrowed from
the Hebrew Society, set up an
agency here. Within five years
he was selling 5,000 models per
month and had become a mil
lionaire. Few Return Home
Others were helped by other
vast refugee organizations such :
as the Catholic Relief Services, !
the Protestant Church World:
Services, the Lutheran Refugee j
Service and the American Fed-'
eration of International Insti-;
tutes and International Refugee ':
Committee. I
Few have even thought of
return to their native land and
even fewer have done so.
Yes, it is a tremendous story
of the heart of America and a
fulfillment of the words of the
great statue that go:
"Give me your tired, your i
poor, your huddled masses :
yearning to breath free.
"The wretched refuse of your
teeming shore.
'Send these, the homeless,
tempest-tost to me.
"I life my lamp beside the
golden door!"
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USE TRIBUNE CLASSIFIED ADS!
Needs of Oregon
Schools Exceed
Available Funds
Salem (U.R) Financial needs
for Oregon school buildings
have been placed at $3,000,000
to $4,000,000 in excess of avail
able funds by A. L. Beck, direc
tor of schoolhouse- planning for
the state department of education.
Beck said school districts will
spend more than $98,000,000 to
provide buildings during the
next five years.
A department study showed
that 88 school districts would
need $23,368,000 in excess of
their present remaining bonding
capacity and 70 of these districts
would need $13,577,000 more
than their remaining present
bonding capacity, plus their esti
mated accumulated bonding ca
pacity to 1961.
Beck said that during this peri
od classrooms would have to be
provided for 17,025 pupils now
housed in unsatisfactory class
rooms or in schools jvhere double-shifting
is necessary, in addi
tion to a projected increase of
62,429 pupils under six years of
age.
While the study showed con
siderable concentration of dis
tressed school districts in Mult
nomah, Clackamas and Washing
ton counties, about 60 per cent
of the needy districts were out
side this population area.
University f Oregon
Living Quarters Filled
Eugene (U.R) University of
Oregon officials have reported
that all campus living quarters
will be filled to capacity when
the fall term opens next month
and additional housing will be
obtained off campus for gome
students.
Spokesmen said that only up
per class male students will be
permitted to live off campus.
They expect that about 300 stu
dents will reside off the campus.
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