Iron Curtain Countries Pushing Drive To Get Refugees To Return To Homeland
London U.R A call is;
going out from behind the Iron
Curtain these days to those who
fled Communist oppression. It is:
"Come home, all is forgiven."
It is a world-wide campaign,
costing the Beds a great deal of
money. It is a strange campaign.
Somehow it fits into the new
"smjle" technique of the Com
munist world, but just how is not
yet completely apparent.
There are well over 1,000,000
exiles from Communist - ruled
lands living in the West. Russia
and her satellites are doing their
- best to lure back these native
born with promises of clemency.
good jobs and threats of what
will happen to relatives if they
don't return.
Numerically, the campaign has
not yet had much success, with
the exception of South America.
But it is making inroads and it
got a good propaganda push this
last week end when a former
premier of the Polish government-in-exile
announced he was
returning to Warsaw.
He is Stanislaw Mackiewicz
who has been living in London
for more than 10 years, working
for the day when the Communist
government of Poland would be
and Britain bitterly, said he had
"lost hope of freeing Poland"
The Soviet embassy in Buenos
Aires has chartered several Ar
gentine liners for the "refugee
run" to Odessa. Two shiploads of
780 persons each sailed in April
and May. It is estimated that by
the end of the year, 30.000 will
have gone back to Russia and
satellite countries.
The propaganda is carried out
by mailed publications, letters,
movies, personal visits by agents.
The United States government
recently expelled a Soviet diplo
matic aide because he engaged
in such activity.
The emphasis is on "home,
sweet home," not on Marxist
doctrines. There are glowing de
scriptions of the life and work in
the "new Russia" or "new Bul
garia" and a strong appeal is
made to the patriotic sentiment.
The campaign is being con
ducted vigorously in the United
States, also in Canada, Australia,
Israel and continental Europe.
In those places it has not had
much success.
Available estimates are that
only some 300 to 500 Czech refu
gees have returned. That is less
than half of one per cent of those
who fled. Some 2,000 Romanians
(less, than 1 per cent of the refu
gee total) have been lured back.
Urgent Appeal
Russia has made one of its
most urgent attempts in Ger
many, starting with an appeal
by Soviet Premier Nikola Bul
ganin to Chancellor Konrad Ade
nauer last fall to repatriate 100,
000 Russian citizens alleged to
be "retained" in West Germany.
This was followed by a Soviet
amnesty for political crimes at
home and abroad and an unsuc
cessful move at the United Na
tions last October to obtain un
limited propaganda access to
refugees. Why do the Communists want
these people back so badly?
The most logical answer seems
to be that they want to whittle
down and demoralize the centers
of anti-Communist activities this
side of the Iron Curtain. The
Communists believe the nucleus
of counter - revolution to over
throw them would be these coun
trymen in the West.
Then, too, the Communists
gain a propaganda weapon when
a refugee shows his disappoint
ment with the free world and his
attraction to the' "reformed"
Communist regimes.
But whatever their motives,
the Communist nations are put
ting a lot of work into this
"come home" campaign.
Tomorrow: The case history
of on refugee.
and, while he was still anti-Com
munist, had decided to go home.
But the campaign is not direct
ed alone at such intellectuals and
politicians as Mackiewicz. It is
aimed at all refugees. Why do
some of them return?
Tragic Success
A Ukrainian nationalist leader
in Buenos Aires, who says Russia
is having "tragic success" with
its campaign in South America,
has this explanation:
"It's a mixture of patriotism,
ignorance, threats, propaganda
and just plain homesickness."
ismm mzm s&smm
i overthrown. Mackiewicz last
j week attacked the United States
Medford
Tribune
Second Section
MEDFORD, OREGON, THURSDAY, JUNE 14, 1956
Pages 1-10
Benson Denies
Reversal on Soil
Bank Payments
Washington -UP) Secretary
of Agriculture Ezra T. Benson
yesterday denied he reversed
himself in announcing that 1956
soil bank payments will be made
to farmers who lost crops to
drought, floods, or other natural
disasters.
Benson said a June 4 speech
at Beaver Dam, Wis., in which
he declared such payments
should not be made, was "a dis
cussion of long range" aspects
of the soil bank. But he con
ceded, at a news conference to
day, that he made no distinction
in the speech between soil bank
regulations tor 1956 and for
later years.
Benson said he had always in
tended to be as "liberal" as pos
sible in applying the soil bank
program.
Too Early To Tall
He said he thought as many
u 50 per cent of the farmers in
drought areas may take advan
tage this year of payments for
crops destroyed or reduced by
natural causes. But he added it
is "too early to tell definitely."
Any estimate of farmer partici
pation or government spending
would be only a guess, he said.
The $1.2 billion soil bank pro
gram is part of the new farm
law signed by President Eisen
hower May 28. Under the -acreage
reserve section, farmers may
earn government payments by
producing below their federal
allotment of corn, cotton, wheat,
peanuts, rice and tobacco.
Quotes From the News
By UNITED PRESS
New York Mrs. Barbara Rauch, leader of a group of mothers
in the neighborhood where six children died in a landslide
Tuesday:
"They can send police to a baseball game at Ebbetts Field,
can't they? We want police to protect the lives of our children."
London Prime Minister Anthony Eden, on why the hydrogen
bomb makes necessary a reassessment of western defense concepts:
"No country, however large and powerful, really believes it
can be immune from the H-bomb's consequences."
Washington Frank Stanton, president of the Columbia
Broadcasting System, on differences in taste in regard to TV
programs:
"Your soft spot is another man's strong spot."
Cambridge, Mats. Godfrey Sherman, 28, on why he hung
from cross on top of a church for two hours and threatened to
jump:
"Nobody Iotcs m. I'm disillusioned with life."
Washington Presidential News Secretary James C. Hagerty,
on how the President felt after his doctors removed an uncom
fortable drainage tube running through his nose to his stomach:
"He enjoyed it very much without the tube."
Williams Bay, Wit, Entomologist E. L. Chambers, on the
new plague of 17-year locusts in the Midwest: -
"You can't put a finger down without touching one."
Governors Named By Boys' State
Corvallis (U.R) Members
of Boys State, meeting on the
Oregon State college campus
here, yesterday nominated Jim
Tyler of Pendleton and John
Gould of Eugene for the runoff
governor's election.
More than 400 Oregon high
school boys are attending the
six-day citizenship training pro
gram here, sponsored by the
American Legion.
Battling for the secretary of
state post will be Merv Thomp
son, Eugene, and Fred Webb,
Klamath Falls.
Other top office nominees
were: For state treasurer. Spen
cer Ericson, Hood River, and
Gerald Kind, Central; for at
torney general: Paul Bilant,
Klamath Falls, and Door Dear
born, Ontario; for superintend
ent of public instruction: Fred
Hartstrom, Astoria, and Steve
McLagan, Springfield: for labor
commissioner: Richard Palermo,
Springfield, and Dick Buchanan,
Salem.
SPECIALS FOR FtlDAY, SATURDAY, SUNDAY - JUNE 15, 16 17
TOMATOES
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OSC Scientists
Take Issue on
Cloud Seeding
Corvallis (U.R) Scientists;
at Oregon State College havej
taken issue with recent reports !
from the federal advisory com-!
mittee on weather control that ;
cloud seeding in the Sherman, 1
Gilliam and Morrow county area j
of Oregon increased precipita
tion. Dr. Lyle D. Calutn, OSC
agricultural experiment station
statistician, has compared the
federal committee report with
an OSC evaluation issued in
1954 that "found no definite in
crease in rainfall due to seed
ing" in the area. 1
Efforts Evaluated
Oregon State College evalu
ated cloud seeding efforts in
the area from 1950 to 1954 for
the Oregon Wheat Commission.
Three physics department me
teorologists cooperating in the
project reported that not enough
"above natural" rainfall had oc
curred to credit it to "anything
but chance."
The 11-man federal advisory
committee, however, has sent
an interim report to President
Eisenhower stating that in
creases in precipitation were
produced by cloud seeding ef
forts in a number of West Coast
areas. Recent reports have
singled out the Oregon project
for special mention as showing
an 18 per cent increase.
Calvin said, in making a com
parison between the OCS and
the federal studies, that import
ant differences existed between
the two studies.
Lower Accestanea T...l
j One of these, he said, is that
the federal stnrtv i.uH
j siderable lower level of accept-
anno fnr f,nnli:-. .1 . .
-w.,,.uuui mat rain
fall was due to seeding. The
lower level of acceptance en
abled the advisory committee to
conclude that smaller increases
are due to seeding, but at four
times the risk of attributing in
creases to cloud seeding that are
caused simply by nature.
2 Washington Youths
Drown in Columbia
The Dalles (U.R) Two Wish
ram, Wash., youths, Robert
Leachman, 19, and Larry E. Co
hea, 20, were believed drowned
in the Columbia river yesterday
after falling off a raft near Wish
ram. Two transients reported to
sheriff's officers they had seen
Lachman and Cohea launch the
cork raft in the river and then
heard them scream a few min
utes later. The unidentified wit
nesses said they saw the boys,
both employees of the SP&S
railroad, trying to swim to shore
and then go under.
The raft was intercepted at
The Dalles dam. Deputy Sheriff
George McCredy said the Co
lumbia river was so turbulent
that dragging operations were
difficult.
BOAT SPEEDERS BEWARE
Mt. Clemens, Mich. (U.R)
Disturbed over reports some mo
tor boat enthusiasts were acting
like "wild men" on Lake St.
Clair, Macomb County Sheriff
Harley Ensign decided to act.
Ensign got himself a motor boat
and is prepared to give chase to
"wild" boat handlers. He is also
equipped with a supply of traf
fic tickets.
3D
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